Showing papers by "Gadjah Mada University published in 1970"

Proof of Acacia nilotica stand expansion in Bekol Savanna, Baluran National Park, East Java, Indonesia through remote sensing and field observations

Abstract: utomo, van Etten E, Wahab L. 2016. Proof of Acacia nilotica stand expansion in Bekol Savanna, Baluran National Park,East Java, Indonesia through remote sensing and field observations. Biodiversitas 17: 96-101. One of woody species that is known toinhabit certain savanna ecosystems is Acacia nilotica. The Acacia nilotica tree is widespread in the northern savannah regions, and itsrange extends from Mali to Sudan and Egypt. Acacia nilotica was first introduced to Java Island in 1850. It then spread to Bali, EastNusa Tenggara, Timor and Papua. Found in grasslands, savanna is reported as important colonizer at Baluran National Park in East Javaand Wasur National Park Papua. We conducted Vegetation analysis in three areas of the Baluran Savanna namely: Grazed, burned andunburnt. Our observation result analysis showed that in terms of the three most important tree species in all of the sites that we sampled (grazed, burnt and unburnt savannas) Acacia nilotica appeared in each of these sites. The values however, vary between sites. Acacia nilotica Importance Value Index is highest in the unburnt savanna, with IVI reaching almost 250. The unburnt site is actually a burnt site but with moderate age or time since fire (approximately 6-7 years), whereas the burnt site is savanna with relatively young age/time since fire (few months to 1 year). We also conducted GIS analysis using Satellite Images (October 2013 and October 2014) to pick up changes in Bekol savanna. Result showed that expansion of A. nilotica stand occurred towards the savanna. Over dominance of the woody species A. nilotica could shift the savanna into another ecosystem state, i.e. secondary forest.

Flowering and seed production of sandalwood (Santalum album; Santalaceae) along environmental gradients in Gunung Sewu Geopark, Indonesia

Abstract: . Ratnaningrum YWN, Faridah E. Indroko S, Syahbudin A. 2016. Flowering and seed production of sandalwood (Santalum album; Santalaceae) along environmental gradients in Gunung Sewu Geopark, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 180-191. We observed flowering and seed production of sandalwood populations along environmental gradients in Gunung Sewu Geopark, Indonesia, in 2013 to 2014 flowering periods. We observe flowering phenology with regard to floral initiation, phases and periods, and measured Pollination Effectiveness and Reproductive Success, following modified methods of Owens et al and Ghazoul. Flowering and seed production varied with altitude and climatic conditions, and altered by changes in rainfall, temperature and soil moisture. Sites with lower altitude, lower rainfall, highest temperature, lowest relative humidity, and lowest soil moisture flowered earlier and shorter. Flowering delayed and prolonged by increasing altitude, temperature, and humidity. At all sites, ?owering delayed and prolonged in rainy compared to dry season. Lower populations produced more flowers in rainy season, however, higher abortion resulted in very low seed production. Dry season produced less flowers but higher reproductive success was achieved, resulting in more fruits. The lowest altitude performed highest reproductive outputs. More marked differences among sites were observed in the dry season. Flowering and seed production was also observed to be temperature sensitive. Both drop and increase on temperature resulted in the alteration of flowering frequency and reproductive outputs. Sandalwood in Gunung Sewu grows naturally in association with tropical monsoon vegetation, i.e. acacia, cajuputi, teak, and mahogany. The conservation of this endangered species, particularly under wider range of landscapes, should be maintained with a different strategy according to the degree of plant sensitivity to environmental features.

Pengaruh metode pembelajaran kooperatif (cooperative learning) dan motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi belajar siswa sma

Abstract: Peningkatan mutu pendidikan dapat diketahui dari hasil akhir pendidikan, yang dapat dilihat dari output yang termasuk di dalamnya adalah prestasi belajar. Banyak hal yang turut berpengaruh pada prestasi belajar siswa, diantaranya adalah motivasi belajar siswa dan metode pembelajaran yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah ada pengaruh metode pembelajaran kooperatif (cooperative learning) dan motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi belajar siswa SMA. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari metode pembelajaran kooperatif terhadap prestasi belajar siswa SMA, dimana kelompok siswa yang dikenakan metode pembelajaran kooperatif memiliki prestasi belajar lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan prestasi belajar kelompok siswa yang dikenakan metode pembelajaran tradisional. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi kelas X-3 dan kelas X-4 salah satu Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) di Yogyakarta. Kelas X-3 diberikan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan metode pembelajaran kooperatif teknik Jigsaw, dan kelas X-4 diberikan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan metode pembelajaran tradisional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi-eksperimen dengan desain control group pre-test-post-test. Adapun alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil modifikasi Skala Motivasi Belajar yang dibuat oleh Hasanah (2006), dengan total aitem sebanyak 60 aitem yang terbagi dalam tiga aspek, serta alat untuk mengukur hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia pada siswa, yakni dengan Tes Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia, dimana pada tes hasil belajar ini berisikan materi paragraf dengan pertanyaan sebanyak 36 butir soal. Tes hasil belajar ini disusun sendiri oleh peneliti dengan mengacu pada silabus yang digunakan oleh guru yang bersangkutan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan t sebesar 0,257 dengan p=0,798, memperlihatkan hasil yang tidak signifikan (p>0,05), yang artinya bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan, tidak ada perbedaan prestasi belajar Bahasa Indonesia pada siswa antara kelompok siswa yang diberikan pembelajaran kooperatif dengan kelompok siswa yang diberikan pembelajaran tradisional. THE INFLUENCE OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD AND LEARNING MOTIVATION TOWARD ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Improvement of education quality can be observed from the end result of education, which can be noticed from the output that includes academic achievement. There are many things that effect on student achievement, including the students' motivation and learning methods that used by teacher. This study aimed to test whether there is influence of cooperative learning methods and students’ motivation of student achievement in high school. Hypothesis of this study was that there are significant effects of cooperative learning methods towards student achievement in high school, where groups of students who apply methods of cooperative learning had higher achievement compared with students’ achievements of group learning who used the traditional learning methods. Subjects in this study were students of X-3 class and X-4 class at one of high school in Yogyakarta. X-3 class were given Bahasa Indonesia’s lesson with cooperative learning method and the Jigsaw techniques, and X-4 class were given Bahasa Indonesia’s lesson with traditional learning methods. This study was a quasi-experimental research with control group pre-test-post-test design. Measuring instrument used in this study was modification version of Learning Motivation Scale by Hasanah (2006), with a total of 60 items that divided into three aspects, and tools to measure students achievement in Bahasa Indonesia’s lesson, with Bahasa Indonesia Achievement Test, where this achievement test consists of paragraph matter in question as much as 36 items. This achievement test compiled by researcher with reference to syllabus that used by the teacher. Analysis of this study showed t = 0.257 with p = 0.798, showed no significant results (p> 0.05), which means that there was no difference between the two groups. As conclusion, there was no difference in students’ achievement of Bahasa Indonesia between group of students given cooperative learning method and group of students given traditional learning method.

Terpene Profile, Leaf Anatomy, and Enzyme Activity of Resistant and Susceptible Cocoa Clonesto Vascular Streak Dieback Disease

Abstract: Vascular-streak dieback (VSD, Oncobasidium theobromae) is the most prevalent disease of Theobroma cacao L. in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze resistance mechanism to VSD based on terpene profile, leaf anatomy, chitinase, and peroxidase study. Resistant clones of Sulawesi 1 and Sca 6 and susceptible clones of ICS 60 and TSH 858 were used for terpene profile, leaf anatomy analysis, chitinase, peroxides, polyphenol, lignin, and cellulose analysis. Those clones and KEE 2, KKM 22 and ICS 13 were used for peroxides analysis. For trichome study, the resistant clones of Sulawesi 1, Sca 6, KEE 2, and KKM 22, and susceptible clones of ICS 60 and TSH 858 were used. GCMS analysis showed that chromatogram pattern of resistant and susceptible groups were quite similar, but resistant clones contained 22% more components than the susceptible ones. Resistant clones contained groups of pinene, decane, myrcene, and octadecanoic acid, while those substances on usceptible clones were absent. Trichome was thicker on younger leaf, and its density on the basal was higher than that on the middle and tip leaf parts. Trichome density of resistant clone was not always thicker than that of susceptible ones. On resistant clones, stomatal density was lower and width of stomate pits was narrower, while thickness of epidermis layer and pallisade parenchym were higher. Polyphenol content of resistant clones were higher but lignin and cellulose of both groups were similar. Chitinase activity which has a role in hydrolysis of mycelia cell wall was higher on the resistant clones, but peroxides which has a role in polymeration of lignin biosynthesis was similar between both groups. It is concluded that groups of terpene pinene, decane, myrcene, and octadecanoic acid, thickness of leaf epidermis, density and width of stomata pit, and chitinase activity plays important role in cocoa resistance to VSD. Key words: Theobroma cacaoL., clone, vascular-streak dieback, resistance, leaf anatomy, chitinase, polyphenol

Kepuasan kerja dan masa kerja sebagai prediktor komitmen organisasi pada karyawan pt royal korindah di purbalingga

Abstract: This study aimed to verify empirically the relationship between job satisfaction and years of service with the commitment of the organization, know how big contribution of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and know how big contribution of years of service with the commitment of the organization. The population in this study as part of its permanent employees with monthly samples of 50 department employees and use of purposive sampling quota. This research data collection methods using scales. There are three hypotheses. Major hypothesis of this study is there a connection between job satisfaction and years of service with the organization's commitment to the employees of Royal Korindah in Purbalingga. Minor first hypothesis of this study is there a positive relationship between job satisfaction, organizational commitment to the employees of Royal Korindah in Purbalingga. Minor second hypothesis of this study is there a relationship between years of service with the organization's commitment to the employees of Royal Korindah in Purbalingga. Conclusion The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between job satisfaction and years of service with the organization's commitment to the employees of Royal Korindah in Purbalingga, there was a significant positive relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment and there wass a significant positive relationship between years of service with the commitment of the organization. Â Keywords : Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Work Period.

Eksistensi kiai dalam masyarakat

Abstract: Kiai as a social actor, who closely related to religion, has double entities, as a kiai himself and as a Muslim. The first concept is usually apllied in netral discussion on viewing a scholar and the activity of kiai for his followers, how he do preach (dakwah), methods, and other discussions that relate to the influenced power of kiai in his society. The second study is how kiai preaching, the way and methods and other studies like how is kiai power toward the society. The next study is about the kiai’s preach, methods and ways related to how the existence of kiai is build. The capital of kiai figure, finally can be seen as a consequence from good Muslim, and people in the society tend to acquire it.

Notes on Some Biological Aspects of Arctornis riguata Snellen (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Abstract: Arctornis riguata Snellen is one of lymantriids which attacked a vast range of mango trees in Probolinggo at the beginning of 2011. About 1.2% mango trees from nine sub-districts have been defoliated by the larvae of this species. The larvae of this genus have been reported to forage at Anacardiacea as well; however, they have never been reported to forage at cultivated mango trees in Indonesia. Since there is no biological information of this species, thus, a study on some biological aspects of this species is needed. This study was conducted in the field as well as in the laboratory during 4 months (March-July 2011). The diagnostic characters of this species are black scale at dorsal antenna on both male and female and slightly setae particularly at the costal angle of valve on the male genitalia. Life span of this species is in the range of 30-37 days. This study also found four natural enemies of A. riguata i.e.: Bleparipa sp. (Diptera: Tachinidae), Euagathis sp. (Hymenoptera: Brachonidae), Theronia sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), and Brachymeria lasus (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae). Moreover, a single fungal pathogen of this species also was identified, i.e. Isaria fumosorosea Wize. Having these results, we considered that to control A. riguata, one need to conserve the native natural enemies by manipulating their environment.

Religiusitas dan kedisiplinan pada anggota polri

Abstract: Kedisiplinan adalah salah satu metode yang diterapkan dalam lingkungan Kepolisian. Dedikasi dan kedisiplinan yang tinggi dari anggota POLRI untuk menjadi lebih profesional sangat diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuan dan peranan POLRI. Salah satu yang mempengaruhi kedisiplinan adalah religiusitas yang dimiliki oleh seorang anggota POLRI. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara religiusitas dengan kedisiplinan pada anggota POLRI. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah ada hubungan positif antara religiusitas dengan kedisiplinan pada anggota POLRI, dengan populasinya anggota POLRI yang bertugas di Kepolisian Resort (Polres) Kendal. Metode pengambilan sample yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sample 50 orang. Tehnik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis korelasi produck moment. Hasil analisis data diperoleh nilai korelasi r xy  = 0,747 dengan p = 0,000 (p < 0,01). Hal ini menunjukkan hubungan positif yang sangat signifikas antara religiusitas dengan kedisiplinan pada anggota POLRI, artinya makin tinggi religiusitas anggota POLRI, maka makin tinggi kedisiplinan anggota POLRI, sebaliknya makin rendah religiusitas anggota POLRI makin rendah pula kedisiplinan anggota POLRI. Dengan demikian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini diterima. RELIGIOSITY AND DISCIPLINE AMONG POLICE OFFICERS Discipline is one of the manners applied in the police environment. Dedication and high discipline of members of the police in order to improve professionalism is required to achieve the purpose and role of police. One that affects the discipline is religiosity of the police member. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between religiosity and discipline among police officers. The hypothesis proposed was that there is a positive relationship between religiosity and discipline on police officer at the Police Resort (Police) Kendal. Sampling method used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 50 people. Data analysis technique used was product moment correlation analysis. The results of analysis of data obtained correlation values r xy = 0.747 with p = 0.000 (p <0.01). This showed a very significant positive relationship between religiosity and discipline on police officer. It means that the higher the religiosity of Police, the higher discipline on police officer. Thus the hypothesis in this study was accepted.

Variasi dan Register Bahasa dalam Pengajaran Sosiolinguistik

Abstract: Teaching sociolinguistics is so important since it involves at least two disciplines, i.e. social studies and lingusitics. Sociolinguistics is a study of language linking to social circumstance. There are so many varieties of social classification, such as sex, age, status and classes in collective life that rise so many languange variation. Language variation is usually influenced by at least three factors; geographical area that rise local dialect, social factors relating to social classes and status, and educational background. Those aspects develop social dialect and register. Keywords : Variation, Register, Sociolinguistics, and Teaching.

The Possibility of TBC1D21 as a Candidate Gene for Teat Numbers in Pigs

Abstract: Based on a quantitative traits locus (QTL) study using a F2 intercross between Landrace and Korean native pigs, a significant QTL affecting teat numbers in SSC7 was identified. The strong positional candidate gene, TBC1D21, was selected due to its biological function for epithelial mesenchymal cell development. Sequence analysis revealed six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TBC1D21 gene. Among these, two SNP markers, one silent mutation (SNP01) for g.13,050A>G and one missense mutation (SNP04) for c.829A>T (S277C), were genotyped and they showed significant associations with teat number traits (p value = 6.38E-05 for SNP01 and p value = 1.06E-07 for SNP04 with total teat numbers). Further functional validation of these SNPs could give valuable information for understanding the teat number variation in pigs. (Key Words: QTL, SNP, SSC7, TBC1D21, Teat Number, Pig)

Pengembangan kuesioner untuk mengevaluasi usabilitas e-learning

Abstract: Dengan perkembangan e-learning yang cepat, dibutuhkan suatu alat ukur evaluasi usabilitas yang efektif dan efisien. Selain itu, dibutuhkan alat yang dapat menangkap permasalahan e-learning dengan memperhitungkan karakteristik dari pengguna, seperti preferensi, bahasa, dan budaya dengan konteks penggunaan, khususnya e-learning secara general di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan kuesioner yang dapat menangkap masalah usabilitas pada e-learning lebih efektif dan efisien. Perbandingan antara kuesioner yang ada di Indonesia dalam mengevaluasi usabilitas elearning terhadap 10 parameter, yaitu objektif, objek penelitian, metode penyusun kuesioner, reliabilitas, validitas, skala jawaban, waktu pengerjaan, jumlah pertanyaan, dimensi usabilitas, output pertanyaan tertutup, dan output pertanyaan terbuka menunjukkan bahwa dibutuhkan alat ukur dengan dimensi usabilitas yang lengkap dan dapat menangkap permasalahan usabilitas lebih banyak untuk bagian pertanyaan tertutup. Hasil pengembangan kuesioner awal terdiri dari 56 variabel pertanyaan dan 17 dimensi usabilitas. Dilakukan pengambilan data dan didapatkan 317 responden dari mahasiswa UGM dengan 28,5% respon kuesioner online dan 83,6%. Tahap lanjutan adalah mendesain dimensi usabilitas yang sesuai dengan hasil jawaban variabel pertanyaan dengan Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) menunjukkan adannya multikolinearitas. Kuesioner hasil analisis faktor kemudian diuji melalui studi kasus pada 5 e-learning, yaitu Edmodo, eLisa, Papirus, Sintesis, dan Gamel. Kemudian, dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas pada kuesioner. Setelah itu, kuesioner dibandingkan tingkat efektivitas berdasarkan jumlah masalah yang diungkap pada kuesioner dan tingkat efisiensi berdasarkan rate pengerjaan kuesioner dengan kuesioner Iftadi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kuesioner baru yang diperoleh dari analisis faktor menghasilkan 56 variabel pertanyaan tertutup yang dibagi menjadi 14 dimensi. Dari 14 dimensi, terdapat 10 dimensi baru yang dikembangkan berdasarkan variabel-variabel pertanyaan yang terletak dalam satu faktor yang sama. Kuesioner ini memiliki konsistensi dan relevansi antara permasalahan yang ada pada pertanyaan terbuka dengan pertanyaan tertutup dilihat dari nilai mean merit usabilitasnya. Hasil perbandingan empat e-learning adalah peringkat yang konsisten antara rata-rata nilai merit 56 variabel pertanyaan pada bagian isi dengan 5 variabel pertanyaan pada bagian kesimpulan. Hasil perbandingan dengan kuesioner lain menunjukkan bahwa kuesioner lebih efektif karena dapat mengungkap 73,21% dari masalah yang ada pada eLisa dan lebih spesifik mengevaluasi suatu permasalahan usabilitas dan untuk rate pengerjaan sebagai tingkat efisiensi pengerjaan kuesioner yang dikembangkan lebih baik dibandingkan kuesioner Iftadi. Kata kunci : kuesioner, evaluasi usabilitas, e-learning, analisis faktor, dimensi usabilitas. With the development of e-learning rapidly, a need of usability evaluation method that is effective and efficient. In addition, tools that needed can capture elearning problems by taking into account the characteristics of the user, such as preferences, language, and culture to the context of use, in particular general e-learning in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to develop a questionnaire that can capture more usability problems in e-learning. Comparison between questionnaires in Indonesia in evaluating usability of e-learning have 10 parameters, such as the objective, the object of research, questionnaire methods, reliability, validity, scale response, processing time, number of questions, the dimensions of usability, the output of closedended questions, and output open-ended questions indicates that proof the needs of an measuring instrument that has complete usability dimensions and can capture more usability problems with the closed questions. The results of the initial development of the questionnaire consists of 56 questions and 17 dimensions variable reusability. Data collection obtained 317 respondents from UGM students with 28.5% response for hardcopy and 83.6% response for online questionnaire. Next step is designing the usability dimension based on the result answer of the question with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) showed there is multicollinearity. Questionnaire results from factor analysis then tested through case studies on 5 e-learning, namely Edmodo, eLisa, Papirus, Sinthesis, and Gamel. Then tested for validity and reliability. After that, the questionnaire comparing with Iftadi’s questionnaire on the level of effectiveness based on the number of problems revealed by the questionnaire and the level of efficiency based on the process to fill the questionnaire rate. The results of this study were obtained from the new questionnaire factor analysis resulted in 56 variables that closed questions divided into 14 dimensions. From 14 dimensions, there are 10 new dimensions developed based on the variables that question lies in the same factor. This questionnaire has the consistency and relevance of the existing problems in the open-ended questions to closed questions be seen from the mean of usability merit value. The comparison of four e-learnings are consistently ranked among the average value of variable merit 56 questions on the contents of the 5 variables question in the concluding section. The comparison with other questionnaires showed that the questionnaire is more effective because it can reveal 73.21% of the problems are more specific eLisa and evaluating usability problems and rate the efficiency of the developed questionnaire is better than Iftadi’s questionnaire. Passwords : questionnaire, usability evaluation, e-learning, factor analysis, usability dimension.

The Selectivity of Ethanolic Extract of Buah Makassar (Brucea javanica) on Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells

Abstract: Treatment of cancer such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy ha s many side effects . Chemopreventive agent is needed to reduce the side effect and increase the effectivity of therapy. The discovery of cochemopreventive agent should consider on its selectivity to reduce side effects. The selective cochemopreventive agents work effectively in cancer cells and safe for normal cells . Buah Makassar ( Brucea javanica ) is a natural product that is empirically used for anti-inflammatory and antitumor. The purpose of this study is to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of buah Makassar against 4T1 , MCF7, HeLa, an d Vero cell lines. The cytotoxic test is performed by MTT assay. The parameter obtained from the cytotoxic test was IC 50 . Selectivity index is determined from IC 50 ratio of cancer cells to normal cells. The results showed that ethanolic extract of buah Makassar has a cytotoxic activity on 4T1 , MCF7, HeLa, an d Vero cell s with IC 50 were 49,9±0,83 μg/mL; 107,6±8,14 μg/mL; 228,9±4,16 μg/mL and 395,5± 4,21 μg/mL respectively. It also has high selectivity on 4T1 metastatic breast cancer cell with selectivity index of 7,93. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of buah Makassar h as potential to be delevoped as cochemopreventive agent especially on metastatic breast cancer. Keywords: Brucea javanica, MTT assay, selectivity index, 4T1, MCF7, HeLa, Vero

Mitigation of mercury contamination through the acceleration of vegetation succession

Abstract: Ekyastuti W, Faridah E, Sumardi, Setiadi Y. 2016. Mitigation of mercury contamination through the acceleration ofvegetation succession. Biodiversitas 17: 84-89. The success of the restoration of the tailings ex-gold mining through the succession is highly dependent on the ability of plants to grow and adapt to the troubled land. Restoration through natural succession takes a very long time. Therefore, human intervention is required to accelerate the succession. The purpose of this research was to improve the effectiveness of mitigation of mercury contamination through the acceleration of vegetation succession. This research has been carried out in a greenhouse using an experiment with a completely randomized design. There are 8 treatment consists of four indigenous species (Dillenia excelsa, Melastoma affine, Cinnamomum porrectum and Casuarina junghuhniana) grown alone (one species) and collective (more than one species) in the tailing media with a mercury content of 20 ppm. The results showed that the planting collectively have a mutually supportive interaction, so that increased the plant growth. In addition, collective planting two or four different species of plants, and the D. excelsa itself could decrease the concentration of mercury in the tailing. The acceleration of vegetation succession through the right choice of plants species and planting collectively, capable to increasing the potential of mitigation of mercury contamination in the tailings.

Pengajaran Sastra dan Politik Kebudayaan

Abstract: High school textbooks on literary facing serious problem, namely its curriculum didn’t have clear paradigm and political-cultural basis. Its content is still subjectively-based on writer taste and still circling on technical matter. Therefore, literary lesson look like structural and cognitive memorizing. Old assumption that literary is a matter of “esthetical art” that haven’t connection with life reality is still dominant. Lesson content like this should be changed, by formulate or identifying several cultural problems in Indonesia. Based on that formulation and problems identification, literary lesson’s contents packed to understand culture problems in Indonesia, therefore learning literary not only literary itself, but also become a textual ideological strategy that having vision and mission to developing Indonesia.

Short Communication: Genetic identification of local pigs, and imported pigs Duroc) based on cytochrome b sequence analysis

Abstract: Hartatik T, Soewandi BDP, Volkandari SD, Tabun AC, Sumadi, Widodo. 2016. Genetic identification of local pigs, and imported pigs (Landrace and Duroc) based on cytochrome b sequence analysis. Biodiversitas 17: 270-274. The aim of this study was to identify the genetics of local pigs and imported pigs (from Bali), ix Landrace pigs and four Duroc pigs (from Malang), ine Landrace pigs (from Kupang). Qualitative traits in pigs such as coat color, body shape (back shape, belly shape, and ears) and hair cover were observed. The cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene of mitochondrial DNA was analyzed using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The PCR analysis resulted in a 464 base pairs (bp) amplified band, and this was digested using TaqI restriction enzyme. The PCR-RFLP analysis resulted in two bands, 246 and 218 bp (monomorphic). The alignment analysis showed four points of single nucleotide polymorphisms. Bali and Kupang pigs had a specific pattern on exterior characteristics such as curved back shape, belly hanging shape, small ears and thick hair, and had many variations on coat color such as black, cream, spotted and mottled. The differences in coat color and body shape, and the corresponding mtDNA Cyt b sequence (with four SNPs) is a marker for genetic variation in pigs.

Metaphors of Animal Names in Indonesian

Abstract: This article concerns with the use of metaphors for constructing animal names in Indonesian. By using data collected from Indonesian Standard Dictionary and cognitive metaphorical theory, it is found that the animals names can be expressed in various forms and the metaphors are possibly placed on the head, attribute, or the whole of construction. The source domains of the metaphors are taken from entities that exist in the speakers’ environment and they are projected to the target domains through similarities and associations. As result of, Indonesian relation to other languages, the influence of foreign languages and local languages in the formation of metaphors cannot be avoided.

Pengaruh citra merek terhadap persepsi citarasa

Abstract: This research investigated the effect of brand image on taste perception. The hypothesis of this research was that brand images would affect taste perception. It was also hypothesized that more qualified brand would result in more positive taste perception than less qualified brand. Product used in this research was mineral water. Two brands chosen for this research were A-one which represent more qualified brand, and A-two which represent less qualified brand (compared to A-one). Apart from these two brands, a non-branded package was also used. The samples (N = 60) were undergraduate student of the Faculty of Psychology,  a State Own University in Jogyakarta, who volunteered as research subjects. The samples were assigned to evaluate the taste of mineral water served in the three different brand packages. A taste perception scale was employed to collect data through a counter-balance experimental design method. Experimental method with counter-balance design was conducted to ensure that the different in taste perception was the result of different brand images. Result revealed that brand image had effect on taste perception (F = 12,824, p<0,01). Branded package elicited positive response more than non-branded package. Thus, it causes more positive taste perception. Different result was obtained for more qualified brand and less qualified brand. There was no difference between more qualified brand and less qualified brand on taste perception. This study concluded, due to similarity of the brands character, samples intend to have the same taste perception on the brands.  Keywords : taste perception, brand images