Gadjah Mada University

About: Gadjah Mada University is a education organization based out in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adsorption. The organization has 17307 authors who have published 21389 publications receiving 116561 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Gajah Mada & Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Maternal Education and Child Immunization

Abstract: This article explores the hypothesis that formal education of women results in increased child survival because of greater knowledge of the protective function of the major childhood immunizations. Education is also associated with greater awareness of proper immunization schedules. Irrespective of mother’s formal education level, specific immunization knowledge is associated with an increased likelihood of using immunization. The Indonesian analysis is important as a model for preventive health campaigns among other populations with low education levels among women.

Alterations in Retinal Microvascular Geometry in Young Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract: OBJECTIVE To describe retinal microvascular geometric parameters in young patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients with type 1 diabetes (aged 12–20 years) had clinical assessments and retinal photography following standardized protocol at a tertiary-care hospital in Sydney. Retinal microvascular geometry, including arteriolar and venular tortuosity, branching angles, optimality deviation, and length-to-diameter ratio (LDR), were measured from digitized photographs. Associations of these geometric characteristics with diabetes duration, A1C level, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and other risk factors were assessed. RESULTS Of 1,159 patients enrolled, 944 (81.4%) had gradable photographs and 170 (14.7%) had retinopathy. Older age was associated with decreased arteriolar ( P = 0.024) and venular ( P = 0.002) tortuosity, and female subjects had larger arteriolar branching angle than male subjects ( P = 0.03). After adjusting for age and sex, longer diabetes duration was associated with larger arteriolar branching angle ( P ≤ 0.001) and increased arteriolar optimality deviation ( P = 0.018), higher A1C was associated with increased arteriolar tortuosity (>8.5 vs. ≤8.5%, P = 0.008), higher SBP was associated with decreased arteriolar LDR ( P = 0.002), and higher total cholesterol levels were associated with increased arteriolar LDR ( P = 0.044) and decreased venular optimality deviation ( P = 0.044). These associations remained after controlling for A1C, retinal vessel caliber, and retinopathy status and were seen in subjects without retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS Key diabetes-related factors affect retinal microvascular geometry in young type 1 diabetes, even in those without evidence of retinopathy. These early retinal alterations may be markers of diabetes microvascular complications.

Density prediction of crystalline polymer sintered parts at various powder bed temperatures

Abstract: The effect of powder bed temperature setting on the prediction of density of sintered parts produced by the selective laser sintering (SLS) process is reported. A crystalline polymer, nylon‐12 – commercially named Duraform polyamide – has been used in this work. To study the effect of the powder bed temperature, a two‐dimensional model of the sintering process for crystalline polymers has been developed. Latent heat has been considered in the model. Three powder bed temperature settings, 174, 178 and 182○C, have been applied to study their effect on the sintered parts’ density and size accuracy. This paper only reports on density. Results show that at a powder bed temperature of 182○C, a fully solid density, 970kg/m3, can be obtained at a default energy density of 0.0284J/mm2. By reducing powder bed temperature to 178○C, at the same energy density, density of a sintered part decreases by about 4 per cent.