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Geelong Football Club

About: Geelong Football Club is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Wool. The organization has 1503 authors who have published 1826 publications receiving 34162 citations. The organization is also known as: Geelong Cats.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a signal sequence trap was used to identify genes that encode secreted or membrane-bound proteins in Psammomys obesus, an animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Abstract: Soluble protein hormones are key regulators of a number of metabolic processes, including food intake and insulin sensitivity. We have used a signal sequence trap to identify genes that encode secreted or membrane-bound proteins in Psammomys obesus, an animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Using this signal sequence trap, we identified the chemokine chemerin as being a novel adipokine. Gene expression of chemerin and its receptor, chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), was significantly higher in adipose tissue of obese and type 2 diabetic P. obesus compared with lean, normoglycemic P. obesus. Fractionation of P. obesus adipose tissue confirmed that chemerin was predominantly expressed in adipocytes, whereas CMKLR1 was expressed in both adipocytes and stromal-vascular cells of adipose tissue. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, chemerin was markedly induced during differentiation, whereas CMKLR1 was down-regulated during differentiation. Serum chemerin levels were measured by ELISA in human plasma samples from 114 subjects with T2D and 142 normal glucose tolerant controls. Plasma chemerin levels were not significantly different between subjects with T2D and normal controls. However, in normal glucose tolerant subjects, plasma chemerin levels were significantly associated with body mass index, circulating triglycerides, and blood pressure. Here we report, for the first time, that chemerin is an adipokine, and circulating levels of chemerin are associated with several key aspects of metabolic syndrome.

750 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
23 Sep 2020-Nature
TL;DR: The findings of a World Health Organization expert working group that is developing animal models to test vaccines and therapeutic agents for the treatment of COVID-19, and their relevance for preclinical testing, are reviewed.
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the aetiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an emerging respiratory infection caused by the introduction of a novel coronavirus into humans late in 2019 (first detected in Hubei province, China). As of 18 September 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has spread to 215 countries, has infected more than 30 million people and has caused more than 950,000 deaths. As humans do not have pre-existing immunity to SARS-CoV-2, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutic agents and vaccines to mitigate the current pandemic and to prevent the re-emergence of COVID-19. In February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) assembled an international panel to develop animal models for COVID-19 to accelerate the testing of vaccines and therapeutic agents. Here we summarize the findings to date and provides relevant information for preclinical testing of vaccine candidates and therapeutic agents for COVID-19.

630 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To highlight the usefulness of this much-enlarged map of cis-regulated transcripts for the discovery of genes that influence complex traits in humans, as an example, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration is selected as a phenotype of clinical importance and the cis- regulated vanin 1 (VNN1) gene is identified as harboring sequence variants that influence high- density lipop protein cholesterol concentrations.
Abstract: Quantitative differences in gene expression are thought to contribute to phenotypic differences between individuals. We generated genome-wide transcriptional profiles of lymphocyte samples from 1,240 participants in the San Antonio Family Heart Study. The expression levels of 85% of the 19,648 detected autosomal transcripts were significantly heritable. Linkage analysis uncovered >1,000 cis-regulated transcripts at a false discovery rate of 5% and showed that the expression quantitative trait loci with the most significant linkage evidence are often located at the structural locus of a given transcript. To highlight the usefulness of this much-enlarged map of cis-regulated transcripts for the discovery of genes that influence complex traits in humans, as an example we selected high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration as a phenotype of clinical importance, and identified the cis-regulated vanin 1 (VNN1) gene as harboring sequence variants that influence high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.

528 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
13 Oct 2005-Nature
TL;DR: The cloning and expression of the first exon of the Drosophila CG15920 gene as a soluble protein in Escherichia coli is reported and it is shown that this recombinant protein can be cast into a rubber-like biomaterial by rapid photochemical crosslinking.
Abstract: The elastic properties of the protein called resilin were discovered about 40 years ago during studies of the flight systems of locusts and dragonflies. It is used in repetitive tasks by most insects, including jumping fleas and chirping cicadas. Resilin is formed by crosslinking of a precursor protein, pro-resilin. The elastic region of pro-resilin has now been isolated in pure form in large quantities following expression of its gene in Escherichia coli. The recombinant pro-resilin can be photochemically crosslinked into a rubber-like material with many of the properties of natural resilin. The synthetic material can be cast into useful shapes, and its capacity to recover after deformation exceeds that of high-resilience rubber, making it a promising candidate for industrial and in situ biomedical applications. Resilin is a member of a family of elastic proteins that includes elastin, as well as gluten, gliadin, abductin and spider silks. Resilin is found in specialized regions of the cuticle of most insects, providing low stiffness, high strain and efficient energy storage1,2; it is best known for its roles in insect flight3,4 and the remarkable jumping ability of fleas5,6 and spittle bugs7. Previously, the Drosophila melanogaster CG15920 gene was tentatively identified as one encoding a resilin-like protein8,9 (pro-resilin). Here we report the cloning and expression of the first exon of the Drosophila CG15920 gene as a soluble protein in Escherichia coli. We show that this recombinant protein can be cast into a rubber-like biomaterial by rapid photochemical crosslinking. This observation validates the role of the putative elastic repeat motif in resilin function. The resilience (recovery after deformation) of crosslinked recombinant resilin was found to exceed that of unfilled synthetic polybutadiene, a high resilience rubber. We believe that our work will greatly facilitate structural investigations into the functional properties of resilin and shed light on more general aspects of the structure of elastomeric proteins. In addition, the ability to rapidly cast samples of this biomaterial may enable its use in situ for both industrial and biomedical applications.

494 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the optimal intensity of renal replacement therapy has been established, while the timing of when to commence RRT is now a focus of investigation, as well as when to start RRT in patients with septic AKI.
Abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) and sepsis carry consensus definitions. The simultaneous presence of both identifies septic AKI. Septic AKI is the most common AKI syndrome in ICU and accounts for approximately half of all such AKI. Its pathophysiology remains poorly understood, but animal models and lack of histological changes suggest that, at least initially, septic AKI may be a functional phenomenon with combined microvascular shunting and tubular cell stress. The diagnosis remains based on clinical assessment and measurement of urinary output and serum creatinine. However, multiple biomarkers and especially cell cycle arrest biomarkers are gaining acceptance. Prevention of septic AKI remains based on the treatment of sepsis and on early resuscitation. Such resuscitation relies on the judicious use of both fluids and vasoactive drugs. In particular, there is strong evidence that starch-containing fluids are nephrotoxic and decrease renal function and suggestive evidence that chloride-rich fluid may also adversely affect renal function. Vasoactive drugs have variable effects on renal function in septic AKI. At this time, norepinephrine is the dominant agent, but vasopressin may also have a role. Despite supportive therapies, renal function may be temporarily or completely lost. In such patients, renal replacement therapy (RRT) becomes necessary. The optimal intensity of this therapy has been established, while the timing of when to commence RRT is now a focus of investigation. If sepsis resolves, the majority of patients recover renal function. Yet, even a single episode of septic AKI is associated with increased subsequent risk of chronic kidney disease.

460 citations


Authors

Showing all 1503 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Michael Berk116128457743
Ashley I. Bush11656057009
John Blangero10678251671
Ego Seeman10152946392
Jo Salmon9944535645
Peter E.D. Love9054624815
Sharad Kumar8929640118
Boyd Swinburn8852143627
Lin-Fa Wang8645428758
Marita P. McCabe8548726863
Kylie Ball8439524144
John J McNeil8259230524
Ying Chen7948925685
Peter Cameron7877329109
Anna Timperio7228217702
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20224
2021186
2020137
2019110
2018120
201795