Geophysical Survey

About: Geophysical Survey is a facility organization based out in Obninsk, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Geology & Seismology. The organization has 308 authors who have published 256 publications receiving 3067 citations. The organization is also known as: Federal State Institution of Science Geophysical Survey of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Converted-wave diodic moveout and application in the land gas cloud area

Abstract: PS converted-waves (C-waves) have been commonly used to image through gas clouds but the C-wave imaging may also be degraded by the diodic effect introduced by the gas cloud. It may be compensated for using a velocity perturbation method which decouples the diodic moveout into two parts: the base velocity and the velocity perturbation. Gas clouds are widely distributed in the Sanhu area in the Qaidam basin of northwest China which is rich in natural gas. A land 2D3C seismic dataset is analyzed from the Sanhu area and significant diodic effects are observed in the data which harm the C-wave imaging. The diodic correction is applied to this data and the resultant C-wave imaging and the details of the reservoir structure are significantly improved. The diodic moveout plays an important role in working out the residual shear wave statics and the association of diodic correction and shear wave residual statics computation is a key step of C-wave high fidelity imaging in the gas cloud area. Finally, the new process workflow with diodic moveout is given.

Apparatus for Measuring Wideband Dielectric Measurements of Objects Using a Bistatic Antenna

Abstract: A device implementing antennas transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves for measuring the bulk dielectric properties of a material under test having over a pre-defined surface area. The sample of the material under test might be cylindrical in shape. The device includes a spacer of known dielectric properties and geometries, placed between the material under test and the transmitting and receiving antennas, as well as at least one plate of a material having known electromagnetic properties placed below the material under test.

Research on land use/cover change of opencast coal mining area of Pingshuo Shanxi

Abstract: The Pingshuo open-cast coal field is located in the Shuozhou district, north of Shanxi, China. It is a part of wider region known as the Black Triangle. Open-cast coal mining has caused total destruction of original ecosystems, as well as changes of relief and also land use/cover changes (LUCC) in the mining areas. This paper presents a case study on land use/cover change , and analyzes the LUCC extracted from the TM (ETM+) image data taken from 1986, 1990, 1995, 2002, and 2005. Here comes the results: With the turning of the structure of the mining area land from undisturbed land to land both undisturbed and disturbing, there is the coexistence of undisturbed land, disturbing land and reclaimed land; On the quantity side, from 1986 to 2005, the area of undisturbed land has reduced from 36601.0 ha to 33379.51 ha , while the area of disturbing land has increased from 911.25 ha to 3206.36 ha , and the reclaimed land from 0 ha to 926.46 ha. The area of original land will decrease to 4425.8 ha, as predicted; The spatial evolution, under the obvious limitations of mining order and planning, is presenting a gradient change form from undisturbed land to disturbing land and then to reclaimed land, that is, the spatial scale of reclaimed land is expanding while the undisturbed land is narrowing gradually.

About the role of tectonic disorders in the development of inspected seismicity from joint exposure to open and underground works on the production of coal

Abstract: According to the results of monitoring with a temporary network of seismological stations in the south of Kuzbass in the area of seismic activation of technogenic nature, formed under the simultaneous influence of open and underground coal mining, the spatial structure of activation, its development in time and connection with tectonic disturbances are studied in detail. Seismic activation near underground workings is distinguished by locality in area, a large number of earthquakes with magnitudes Ml ≤ 2. For three closely spaced coal mines, there is a general seismic activation, inside of which, as a local zone, there is the activation of underground workings, characterized by the strongest earthquakes with Ml in the range of 3 ÷ 4. Depths of foci have a two-modal distribution with maxima in the range of 1 ÷ 1,5 km and in the range of 2 ÷ 3 km. Both in the area of mines and in the area of open mine workings, the subsoil is significantly deeper than the mine workings seismically activated. The seismic process in time is not stationary and pulsating.

Exploring the Martian Highlands Using a Rover-deployed Ground Penetrating Radar

Abstract: The Martian highlands record a long and often complex history of geologic activity that has shaped the planet over time. Results of geologic mapping and new data from the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft reveal layered surfaces created by multiple processes that are often mantled by eolian deposits. Knowledge of the near-surface stratigraphy as it relates to evolution of surface morphology will provide critical context for interpreting rover/lander remote sensing data and for defining the geologic setting of a highland lander. Rover-deployed ground penetrating radar (GPR) can directly measure the range and character of in situ radar properties, thereby helping to constrain near-surface geology and structure. As is the case for most remote sensing instruments, a GPR may not detect water unambiguously on Mars. Nevertheless, any local, near-surface occurrence of liquid water will lead to large, easily detected dielectric contrasts. Moreover, definition of stratigraphy and setting will help in evaluating the history of aqueous activity and where any water might occur and be accessible. GPR data can also be used to infer the degree of any post-depositional pedogenic alteration or weathering, thereby enabling assessment of pristine versus secondary morphology. Most importantly perhaps, GPR can provide critical context for other rover and orbital instruments/data sets. Hence, rover-deployment of a GPR deployment should enable 3-D mapping of local stratigraphy and could guide subsurface sampling.