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Institution

Georgia State University

EducationAtlanta, Georgia, United States
About: Georgia State University is a education organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 13988 authors who have published 35895 publications receiving 1164332 citations. The organization is also known as: GSU & Georgia State.


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Book
01 Jul 1993
TL;DR: Comparisons of the language comprehension skills of a 2-year-old child and an 8 year-old bonobo who was raised in a language environment similar to that in which children are raised but specifically modified to be appropriate for an ape suggest that the potential for language comprehension preceded the appearance of speech by several million years at minimum.
Abstract: Previous investigations of the linguistic capacities of apes have focused on the ape's ability to produce words, and there has been little concern for comprehension. By contrast, it is increasingly recognized that comprehension precedes production in the language development of normal human children, and it may indeed guide production. It has been demonstrated that some species can process speech sounds categorically in a manner similar to that observed in humans. Consequently, it should be possible for such species to comprehend language if they have the cognitive capacity to understand word-referent relations and syntactic structure. Popular theories of human language acquisition suggest that the ability to process syntactic information is unique to humans and reflects a novel biological adaptation not seen in other animals. The current report addresses this issue through systematic experimental comparisons of the language comprehension skills of a 2-year-old child and an 8 year-old bonobo (Pan paniscus) who was raised in a language environment similar to that in which children are raised but specifically modified to be appropriate for an ape. Both subjects (child and bonobo) were exposed to spoken English and lexigrams from infancy, and neither was trained to comprehend speech. A common caretaker participated in the rearing of both subjects. All language acquisition was through observational learning. Without prior training, subjects were asked to respond to the same 660 novel sentences. All responses were videotaped and scored for accuracy of comprehension of the English language. The results indicated that both subjects comprehended novel requests and simple syntactic devices. The bonobo decoded the syntactic device of word recursion with higher accuracy than the child; however, the child tended to do better than the bonobo on the conjunctive, a structure that places a greater burden on short-term memory. Both subjects performed as well on sentences that required the ability to reverse work order as they did on sentences that did not require this capacity. These results are discussed in light of a model of the evolution of language that suggests that the potential for language comprehension preceded the appearance of speech by several million years at minimum. The onset of speech is linked to the appearance of fully adapted bipedalism, which necessitated reorientation of the laryngeal tract and made closure of the soft palate possible. For the first time, such closure permitted mammals to easily produce sounds that could be interpreted by the mammalian auditory system in a categorical manner. When these sounds were paired with the previously extant capacity to produce vowels, it became possible to form "bounded vowels" or sound units that could readily be discriminated as units by the auditory system. It is suggested that this physical adaptation allowed the extant cognitive capacity of the hominids to embark on a speech-like mode of communication.

426 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings confirmed prior evidence regarding the importance of ratios, teacher training, and group size for high quality classroom processes, but demonstrated the more significant contribution of teacher wages and parent fees.

424 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the causal relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment was investigated using a combination of pseudo-generalized least squares, and full information maximum likelihood estimation procedures, and the results supported the commitment-causes-satisfaction model.

424 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Path analytic tests of mediated moderation provide support for the prediction that the mediated effect of abusive supervision on organization deviance (through affective commitment) is stronger when employees perceive that their coworkers are more approving of organization deviant and when coworkers perform more acts of organization development.
Abstract: The authors developed an integrated model of the relationships among abusive supervision, affective organizational commitment, norms toward organization deviance, and organization deviance and tested the framework in 2 studies: a 2-wave investigation of 243 supervised employees and a cross-sectional study of 247 employees organized into 68 work groups. Path analytic tests of mediated moderation provide support for the prediction that the mediated effect of abusive supervision on organization deviance (through affective commitment) is stronger when employees perceive that their coworkers are more approving of organization deviance (Study 1) and when coworkers perform more acts of organization deviance (Study 2).

423 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the impact of the seller reputation on the willingness of buyers to bid on items sold via internet auctions, using a 1999 mint condition U.S. $5 gold coin whose average price was $32.73.
Abstract: With internet commerce, a buyer cannot directly examine the product and so must rely upon the accuracy and reliability of the seller in deciding whether and how much to bid. In this setting, the seller’s reputation can become an important factor in the bid. This paper examines the impact of the seller’s reputation on the willingness of buyers to bid on items sold via internet auctions, using a 1999 mint condition U.S. $5 gold coin whose average price was $32.73. The empirical results show that the seller’s reputation has a positive, statistically signi¢cant, but small impact on the price.

423 citations


Authors

Showing all 14161 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Paul M. Thompson1832271146736
Michael Tomasello15579793361
Han Zhang13097058863
David B. Audretsch12667172456
Ian O. Ellis126105175435
John R. Perfect11957352325
Vince D. Calhoun117123462205
Timothy E. Hewett11653149310
Kenta Shigaki11357042914
Eric Courchesne10724041200
Cynthia M. Bulik10771441562
Shaker A. Zahra10429363532
Robin G. Morris9851932080
Richard H. Myers9731654203
Walter H. Kaye9640330915
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202353
2022291
20212,013
20201,977
20191,744
20181,663