Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology

About: Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology is a education organization based out in Topi, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Quantum efficiency & Diode. The organization has 618 authors who have published 940 publications receiving 10674 citations.

Gamma ray heating rates due to chromium isotopes in stellar core during late stages of high mass stars (>10M⊙)

Abstract: Gamma ray heating rates are thought to play a crucial role during the pre-supernova stage of high mass stars. Gamma ray heating rates, due to β± -decay and electron (positron) capture on chromium isotopes, are calculated using proton-neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation theory. The electron capture significantly affects the lepton fraction (Ye ) and accelerates the core contraction. The gamma rays emitted as a result of weak processes heat the core and tend to hinder the cooling and contraction due to electron capture and neutrino emission. The emitted gamma rays tend to produce enormous entropy and set the convection to play its role at this stage. The gamma heating rates, on 50-60 Cr, are calculated for the density range 10 ) and temperature range 107 .

Analyzing the influence of social, cultural, behavioral traits on cycling and walking in Pakistan

Abstract: Active modes of transport i.e. cycling and walking leave positive and progressive impacts on health, environment, and society. Despite these positive impacts, the developing, as well as many developed economies of the world, sees limited use of active modes of transport. The limited use can be attributed to active transport, being influenced by various social, cultural, and behavioral traits. Through this research, the influence of various social, cultural, behavioral traits on cycling and walking is to be studied. The paper utilizes Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) for exploring the link between social, behavioral, cultural traits, and active transport in Pakistan. Findings of the research suggest that from considered social parameters, cycling and walking's image as a socially responsible investment and their role in health and safety influence the use of active transport. Exploiting these two social parameters, the use of cycling and walking can be increased. In addition, from amongst the behavioral parameters considered, economic trends and pace of life have the greatest influence on the adoption of active transport as the main mode of transport. Similarly, from considered cultural parameters, the distribution of masses in rural and urban areas, laws and policies, and spending trends motivate the most in shifting towards active modes of transport.

Effect of nuclear deformation on electron capture cross-section on chromium isotopes

Abstract: The electron capture plays significant role in the presupernova and supernova evolutions of massive stars which in turn are of great importance in synthesizing heavy elements beyond iron. In this paper, we study the effect of nuclear deformation on the computed electron capture cross-section on selected even–even chromium isotopes (46,48,50Cr). The nuclear deformation parameters were computed using two different theoretical models: Interacting Boson Model (IBM-1) and Macroscopic (Yukawa-plus-exponential)–microscopic (Folded–Yukawa) model (Mac–mic model). A third value of deformation parameter was adopted from experimental data. We chose the pn-QRPA model to perform our calculations. The predictive power of the chosen model was first tested by calculating Gamow–Teller (GT) strength distributions of selected fp-shell nuclei where measured GT data was available. The calculated GT strength distributions were well-fragmented over the energy range 0–12MeV and were noted to be in decent agreement with experimental data. The total GT strength was found to increase (decrease) with decrease (increase) in the value of deformation parameter for the three chromium isotopes. The computed GT strength distributions satisfied the model-independent Ikeda sum rule. The ECC were calculated as a function of the deformation parameter at core temperature 1.0MeV. Our results show that the calculated ECC increased with increasing value of nuclear deformation.

Investigation on dielectric properties of chlorodifluoromethane and mixture with other N2/CO2/air as a promising substitute to SF6 in high voltage application

Abstract: Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) has been the most commonly used gas in the electrical industry since 1960s. Due to the high environmental hazards reported by using SF6, the research on to investigate alternative gaseous insulation has become demanding research in high voltage engineering. The refrigerant gas chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF2) with low global warming potential and stable chemical properties possess high dielectric strength due to the presence of fluorine atoms. In this paper, the dielectric strength of CHClF2 and its mixtures with CO2, N2, and Air in the uniform field are investigated under AC, DC and impulse voltage. Buffer gases (CO2, N2, and Air) are added to improve the boiling point of base gas (CHClF2). The dielectric strength increase has also been reported by mixing base gas with N2. Moreover, the synergistic effect, liquefaction temperature, and self-recoverability test were also obtained proving the significance of the research.

Estimation of correlated signal-dependent noise statistics in hyperspectral images

Abstract: Accurate estimation of the underlying noise statistics is vital for the good performance of many hyperspectral image processing algorithms.Our proposed method can be used to estimate the full covar...