Government College

About: Government College is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Ring (chemistry). The organization has 4481 authors who have published 5986 publications receiving 57398 citations.

Population Differentiation of Southern Indian Male Lineages Correlates With Agricultural Expansions Predating the Caste System

Abstract: Previous studies that pooled Indian populations from a wide variety of geographical locations, have obtained contradictory conclusions about the processes of the establishment of the Varna caste system and its genetic impact on the origins and demographic histories of Indian populations. To further investigate these questions we took advantage that both Y chromosome and caste designation are paternally inherited, and genotyped 1,680 Y chromosomes representing 12 tribal and 19 non-tribal (caste) endogamous populations from the predominantly Dravidian-speaking Tamil Nadu state in the southernmost part of India. Tribes and castes were both characterized by an overwhelming proportion of putatively Indian autochthonous Y-chromosomal haplogroups (H-M69, F-M89, R1a1-M17, L1-M27, R2-M124, and C5-M356; 81% combined) with a shared genetic heritage dating back to the late Pleistocene (10–30 Kya), suggesting that more recent Holocene migrations from western Eurasia contributed <20% of the male lineages. We found strong evidence for genetic structure, associated primarily with the current mode of subsistence. Coalescence analysis suggested that the social stratification was established 4–6 Kya and there was little admixture during the last 3 Kya, implying a minimal genetic impact of the Varna (caste) system from the historically-documented Brahmin migrations into the area. In contrast, the overall Y-chromosomal patterns, the time depth of population diversifications and the period of differentiation were best explained by the emergence of agricultural technology in South Asia. These results highlight the utility of detailed local genetic studies within India, without prior assumptions about the importance of Varna rank status for population grouping, to obtain new insights into the relative influences of past demographic events for the population structure of the whole of modern India.

Non-extensive statistics and understanding particle production and kinetic freeze-out process from pT-spectra at 2.76 TeV

Abstract: An approach, based on Tsallis non-extensive statistics, has been employed, here, to analyse, systematically, the p T -spectra of various identified secondary hadrons like pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons, produced in different central Pb + Pb interactions at LHC energy 2.76TeV in terms of multiplicity and temperature fluctuations. The results, thus obtained, have been utilized to understand the various stages of different types of hadron production during evolution of the fireball produced in such collisions.

Does corporate social responsibility commitment and participation predict environmental and social performance

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) commitment and CSR participation on both social performance and environmental performance. The current study examines the influence of CSR commitment on CSR participation. This study also tested the mediating effect of CSR participation in the connection between CSR commitment and social performance as well as between CSR commitment and environmental performance. Data were collected from 324 managers of hotels and tourism units. Statistical techniques such as correlation, regression and AMOS 7.0 software were used for data analysis. Results reveal that CSR commitment positively predicts CSR participation. CSR participation significantly predicts the social performance and environmental performance. The direct link of CSR commitment with social performance and environmental performance is positive and significant. The findings also reveal that CSR participation mediates the relationship between both CSR commitment and social performance and CSR commitment and environmental performance links.

Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of Fe 3+ ions in amethyst: thermodynamic potentials and magnetic susceptibility

Abstract: Single-crystal and powder electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic studies of natural amethyst quartz, before and after isochronal annealing between 573 and 1,173 K, have been made from 90 to 294 K. Single-crystal EPR spectra confirm the presence of two substitutional Fe3+ centers. Powder EPR spectra are characterized by two broad resonance signals at g = ~10.8 and 4.0 and a sharp signal at g = 2.002. The sharp signal is readily attributed to the well-established oxygen vacancy electron center E 1′. However, the two broad signals do not correspond to any known Fe3+ centers in the quartz lattice, but are most likely attributable to Fe3+ clusters on surfaces. The absolute numbers of spins of the Fe3+ species at g = ~10.8 have been calculated from powder EPR spectra measured at temperatures from 90 to 294 K. These results have been used to extract thermodynamic potentials, including Gibbs energy of activation ΔG, activation energy E a, entropy of activation ΔS and enthalpy of activation ΔH for the Fe3+ species in amethyst. In addition, magnetic susceptibilities (χ) have been calculated from EPR data at different temperatures. A linear relationship between magnetic susceptibility and temperature is consistent with the Curie–Weiss law. Knowledge about the stability and properties of Fe3+ species on the surfaces of quartz is important to better understanding of the reactivity, bioavailability and heath effects of iron in silica particles.