Government of Canada

About: Government of Canada is a government organization based out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Monetary policy & Debt. The organization has 796 authors who have published 886 publications receiving 21366 citations. The organization is also known as: federal government of Canada & Her Majesty's Government.

Molecular Diagnostic Techniques and Biotechnology in Plant Biosecurity

Abstract: Accurate identification of plant pests is essential to maintaining a successful plant biosecurity programme. Diagnostic methods and technologies used by national regulatory programmes (NPPOs), and associated laboratories for identification, are driven by method/protocol availability, taxonomy and biology of the pest, all informed by accurate reference collections and genetic databases. The ultimate selection and implementation of specific diagnostics for any programme is influenced by the unique circumstances faced by each plant protection organization. While regulatory diagnostics are used to protect agriculture and the environment, they also must be accomplished while maintaining open agricultural trade. Much information is needed to fit the diagnostic to its intended use and avoid improper use or assay failure. The components that currently drive method development and deployment of systems for regulatory identification and diagnosis include criteria for method selection, development, and transfer to the field. Diagnostic methods that are developed using quality management guidelines and appropriate validation strategies can produce universally acceptable results for regulatory decisions. Technologies that are serological, genome based, or detect volatile signatures can supplement morphological and visual identification as well as independently provide accurate identification of regulatory pests. Each NPPO continues to evolve its utility to pest detection by advancing new technologies such as DNA barcodes, recombinant DNA produced monoclonal antibodies, and novel ways of detecting targeted nucleic acids. Use of two or more assays to fulfill regulatory requirements adds diversity for cross-checking and accountability of the results when high-consequence regulatory decisions are made.

The Effect of Safe Assets on Financial Fragility in a Bank-Run Model

Abstract: We revisit Goldstein and Pauzner (2005) and show that, in the optimal demand-deposit contract subject to sequential service, banks hold safe assets to insure investors against investment risk. Consequently, fewer investors withdraw prematurely, which reduces the probability of a bank run. Safe asset holdings increase investor welfare and may increase the bank's provision of liquidity.

The Scope of the Obligation to Respect and to Ensure Respect for International Humanitarian Law

Abstract: This article disputes what seems to have become the dominant interpretation of the obligation to respect and to ensure respect for International Humanitarian Law, as codified in common Article1 of the Geneva Conventions and in Article 1(1) of Additional Protocol I. According to this dominant interpretation, States are required to take all appropriate measures to ensure that IHL is observed universally, including by other States and by non-State actors operating in other States. It is argued that the intention of the High Contracting Parties, coupled with their subsequent practice, calls for a much more narrow interpretation of that obligation.

Microcomputer Graphics and Applications with NAPLPS Videotex

Abstract: The microcomputer-based videotex decoder terminal could be just what the videotex industry has been looking for Is it too soon to predict wedding bells for these converging technologies?