Government of Canada

About: Government of Canada is a government organization based out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Monetary policy & Debt. The organization has 796 authors who have published 886 publications receiving 21366 citations. The organization is also known as: federal government of Canada & Her Majesty's Government.

Subjective Health Expectations

Abstract: Subjective health expectations are derived using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We first use a Bayesian updating mechanism to correct for focal point responses and reporting errors of the original health expectations variable. We then test the quality of the health expectations measure and describe its correlation with various health indicators and other individual characteristics. Our results indicate that subjective health expectations do contain additional information that is not incorporated in subjective mortality expectations and that the rational expectations assumption cannot be rejected for subjective health expectations. Finally, the data suggest that individuals younger than 70 years of age seem to be more pessimistic about their health than individuals in their 70's.

An Analysis of an Urban Thoroughfare

Abstract: This paper considers the economic impact of an urban transportation thoroughfare emanating from the central business district of a city to agricultural land. Utilizing the elements of microeconomic theory, namely the models of the producer and of the consumer, we have made an analysis of how a residential area develops around a thoroughfare under different assumptions including transportation costs along the thoroughfare, and the technology of producing residential dwellings in the surrounding area. This contribution can be looked upon as the analysis of residential development in a star-shaped city; the focus is on one branch of the star. With the aid of computer graphics, alternative economic landscapes surrounding the thoroughfare are simulated.The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the nature of city-forming forces which are generated by the decision making of producers and consumers in spatially defined areas. By demonstrating in the particular case of an urban thoroughfare the powerful city-for...

Influence of formulation on spray deposit patterns, dislodgeable and penetrated residues, and persistence characteristics of fenitrothion in conifer needles

Abstract: The influence of formulation on spray droplet spectra, deposit patterns, dislodgeable and penetrated residues, and persistence characteristics of fenitrothion in balsam fir needles was studied using three formulations containing different types of adjuvant. Spray was applied on to potted trees under controlled conditions in a laboratory chamber. Droplet size spectra and deposits were assessed using “Kromekote” cardlglass plate units. Foliar residues were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. The formulation containing polymeric adjuvants provided significantly larger droplets and higher foliar residues than those containing surfactants and co-surfactants. It also provided a higher ratio of dislodgeable-to-penetrated residues, and a slower initial rate of loss of fenitrothion. None of the formulations posed a long-term persistence problem because only very low amounts remained on foliage at 42 days post-treatment. The significance of these findings in terms of the possible increase in bioavailability of the pesticide via crawling contact is discussed.

Empirical Bayes estimation for combinations of multivariate bioassays.

Abstract: Summary. This article presents a new empirical Bayes estimator (EBE) and a shrinkage estimator for determining the relative potency from several multivariate bioassays by incorporating prior information on the model parameters based on Jeffreys' rules. The EBE can account for any extra variability among the bioassays, and if this extra variability is 0, then the EBE reduces to the maximum likelihood estimator for combinations of multivariate bioassays. The shrinkage estimator turns out to be a compromise of the prior information and the estimator from each multivariate bioassay, with the weights depending on the prior variance.