Heritage Institute of Technology

About: Heritage Institute of Technology is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Steganography & Support vector machine. The organization has 581 authors who have published 1045 publications receiving 8345 citations.

Mass Transport through Composite Asymmetric Membranes

Abstract: In recent years, membrane separation technology has emerged as efficient and promising separation process from laboratory scale applications to wide range of technical industrial applications. The development of composite asymmetric membrane is a major breakthrough in membrane research field, as this membrane offers significantly high selectivity without affecting the mechanical durability of the membranes. In this chapter, structural characteristics and different fabrication techniques of composite membranes are reviewed. Moreover the mass transfer mechanism through the composite asymmetric membrane is described in details following solution-diffusion theory, Knudsen diffusion, and series resistance model. Composite membranes are preferred over others because of the high flux and enhanced selectivity without disturbing the mechanical stability of the membranes. These membranes are now widely employed in the applications of reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), pervaporation, gas separation, hydrocarbon fractionations, etc. As composite asymmetric membranes are “tailor-made” in nature, membrane characteristics can be tuned accordingly depending on their end use. Therefore plentiful research opportunities still exist to elevate their performance ability in terms of stability, selectivity and fouling resistance, which will in turn augment its application domain.

An Insight into the Spatio-vertical Heterogeneity of Dissolved Arsenic in Part of the Bengal Delta Plain Aquifer in West Bengal (India)

Abstract: Naturally occurring, carcinogenic, arsenic (As) is omnipresent in hydrological systems, and is considered as the most serious abiotic contaminant of groundwater in several parts of the world (Smedley and Kinniburgh, Appl Geochem 17:517–56, 2002; Chatterjee et al., Environ Geol 49:188–206, 2005; Charlet et al., Appl Geochem 22:1273–1292, 2007; Mukherjee et al., J Contam Hydrol 99:1–7, 2008a; Neumann et al., Nat Geosci 3:46–52, 2010 and references therein). Holocene aquifers of south-east Asia (mostly shallow, <50 m) often contain high As groundwater. The groundwater is predominantly used for irrigation and domestic purposes, e.g., cooking, drinking and bathing (Bhattacharya et al., J Water Resour Dev 13:79–92, 1997; Bhattacharyya et al., Mol Cell Biochem 253:347–355, 2003a; Charlet et al., Appl Geochem 22:1273–1292, 2007). In south-east Asia, As-rich groundwaters are often found in alluvial plains of regional rivers (Fendorf et al., Science 328:1123–1127, 2010). Prolonged consumption of groundwater with elevated levels of As may cause a formidable threat to human health and millions of people are now at risk (Bhattacharyya et al. Mol Cell Biochem 253:347–355, 2003a; Chatterjee et al., Water Res 44:5803–5812, 2010; Nath et al., Water Air Soil Pollut 190:95–113, 2008a). Arsenic contamination in groundwater and related health issues is considered as the greatest mass poisoning in human history (Smith et al., Bull World Health Organ 78:1093–1103, 2000).

Chaos based non-linear cognitive study of different stimulus in the cross-modal perspective

Abstract: The relationship between color and music as part of the complex system consisting of visual and auditory domain has been investigated in this study. As both the stimulus forms are processed in the same part of the human body, i.e., the brain, it will be really interesting to examine whether they share a similarity in perception. Needless to say that color and music both have strong impact on emotion and feelings & also a few studies have been reported in literature to explore causal relationship between color and emotion. This work reports a neuro-cognitive study on response of brain to two different stimulus and their cross-modal associations. In this study the correlation between emotional arousal and the effect of audio and visual stimuli has been studied from a new perspective. 93 participants were asked to hear 6 different music pieces (each of 30 s duration). The type of emotion elicited by different music pieces were identified by the participants from a given collection of possible emotional responses. Then they are asked to assign a color associating the emotion from a given color wheel (structured according to Munsell color system/RGB color space). Each color, associated with a particular music piece, is a mixture of specific Red, Green and Blue values (RGB triplet) and has a specific HEX number (hexadecimal representation), which is recorded for each response. Then, the musical pieces used were further zoomed with the help of fractal technique to identify different emotions related to music in a quantitative approach. Here, to analyze the complexity of the sound signal (which are non-stationary and scale varying in nature), we have used Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA), which is capable of determining multifractal scaling behavior of non-stationary time series. From the experimental data, it is seen that the visual and emotional response to the auditory stimulus follows a specific trend which is directly related to the stimulus complexity.

Observer-based controller design for linear time-varying delay systems using a new Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional

Abstract: This paper presents an observer-based controller design method for linear systems with interval time-varying state-delay. In this work, using a new Lyapunov-Krasovskii (LK) functional, a less conservative stabilisation criterion is derived. The Wirtinger's inequality and reciprocally convex combination lemma are exploited to develop a computationally tractable method by representing the design constraints in linear matrix inequality (LMI) framework. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed results over the existing method.

Process Scheduling Using Task Duplication in Heterogeneous Distributed Systems

Abstract: Task scheduling in heterogeneous parallel and distributed computing environments continues to be one of the most challenging problems. In this chapter, the authors investigate the Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time (HEFT) algorithm, along with its alternative scheduling policies for the task prioritising phases, and the Critical Path on a Processor (CPOP) for scheduling tasks on a heterogeneous multiprocessor system. It is shown that, by combining the HEFT algorithm selection policy with the task duplication strategy, it is possible to further reduce the schedule length produced by both HEFT and CPOP. The process scheduling algorithm presented in this chapter compares favourably with other algorithms that use a similar strategy. The proposed algorithm has a time complexity of Ο(|V|2(p + d)), whereV represents the number of tasks, p represents the number of processors, and d the maximum in-degree of tasks. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61350-477-2.ch014