Hewlett-Packard

About: Hewlett-Packard is a company organization based out in Palo Alto, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Signal & Layer (electronics). The organization has 34663 authors who have published 59808 publications receiving 1467218 citations. The organization is also known as: Hewlett Packard & Hewlett-Packard Company.

Cellular Disco: resource management using virtual clusters on shared-memory multiprocessors

Abstract: Despite the fact that large-scale shared-memory multiprocessors have been commercially available for several years, system software that fully utilizes all their features is still not available, mostly due to the complexity and cost of making the required changes to the operating system. A recently proposed approach, called Disco, substantially reduces this development cost by using a virtual machine monitor that leverages the existing operating system technology.In this paper we present a system called Cellular Disco that extends the Disco work to provide all the advantages of the hardware partitioning and scalable operating system approaches. We argue that Cellular Disco can achieve these benefits at only a small fraction of the development cost of modifying the operating system. Cellular Disco effectively turns a large-scale shared-memory multiprocessor into a virtual cluster that supports fault containment and heterogeneity, while avoiding operating system scalability bottle-necks. Yet at the same time, Cellular Disco preserves the benefits of a shared-memory multiprocessor by implementing dynamic, fine-grained resource sharing, and by allowing users to overcommit resources such as processors and memory. This hybrid approach requires a scalable resource manager that makes local decisions with limited information while still providing good global performance and fault containment.In this paper we describe our experience with a Cellular Disco prototype on a 32-processor SGI Origin 2000 system. We show that the execution time penalty for this approach is low, typically within 10% of the best available commercial operating system for most workloads, and that it can manage the CPU and memory resources of the machine significantly better than the hardware partitioning approach.

Fast exact and heuristic methods for role minimization problems

Abstract: We describe several new bottom-up approaches to problems in role engineering for Role-Based Access Control (RBAC). The salient problems are all NP-complete, even to approximate, yet we find that in instances that arise in practice these problems can be solved in minutes. We first consider role minimization, the process of finding a smallest collection of roles that can be used to implement a pre-existing user-to-permission relation. We introduce fast graph reductions that allow recovery of the solution from the solution to a problem on a smaller input graph. For our test cases, these reductions either solve the problem, or reduce the problem enough that we find the optimum solution with a (worst-case) exponential method. We introduce lower bounds that are sharp for seven of nine test cases and are within 3.4% on the other two. We introduce and test a new polynomial-time approximation that on average yields 2% more roles than the optimum. We next consider the related problem of minimizing the number of connections between roles and users or permissions, and we develop effective heuristic methods for this problem as well. Finally, we propose methods for several related problems.

User profile service

Abstract: Systems, methods, and device are provided for a user profile service. One embodiment includes a method for user profile service. The method includes collecting user profile data from different network sources in a localized database 362. Business rules are provided to an application server 360 to manage access to the collected user profile data in the database 362. The method further includes allowing different network service applications 690 to access the collected user profile data as determined by the business rules.

Thermal considerations in cooling large scale high compute density data centers

Abstract: A high compute density data center of today is characterized as one consisting of thousands of racks each with multiple computing units. The computing units include multiple microprocessors, each dissipating approximately 250 W of power. The heat dissipation from a rack containing such computing units exceeds 10 KW. Today's data center, with 1000 racks, over 30,000 square feet, requires 10 MW of power for the computing infrastructure. A 100,000 square foot data center of tomorrow will require 50 MW of power for the computing infrastructure. Energy required to dissipate this heat will be an additional 20 MW. A hundred thousand square foot planetary scale data center, with five thousand 10 KW racks, would cost /spl sim/$44 million per year (@ $100/MWh) just to power the servers & $18 million per year to power the cooling infrastructure for the data center. Cooling design considerations by virtue of proper layout of racks can yield substantial savings in energy. This paper shows an overview of a data center cooling design and presents the results of a case study where layout change was made by virtue of numerical modeling to avail efficient use of air conditioning resources.

Docking station for multiple devices

Abstract: A docking station includes mechanisms to accommodate multiple devices simultaneously. In the preferred embodiment, the docking station can accommodate at least a notebook computer and a palmtop-type handheld device. The docking station preferably facilitates a communication link between the handheld device and the notebook computer when the two devices are docked to the docking station. The communication link allows transmission and synchronization of data between the handheld device and the notebook computer. In a first embodiment of the invention, the docking station includes a docking connector that can mate with the notebook computer. The docking station also includes a docking cradle that can accommodate the handheld device. In the preferred embodiment, the docking cradle is configured to be adjustable in angle, so that the docked handheld device can be positioned at a desired angle. In the most preferred embodiment, the docking cradle includes a security feature that locks the handheld device to the docking cradle to prevent theft. In a second embodiment of the invention, the docking station includes a slot in the housing to accommodate the handheld device, instead of the docking cradle. In a third embodiment of the invention, the docking station is comprised of two modules, a primary docking module and a supplemental docking module. The primary docking module is configured to accommodate the notebook computer, while the supplemental docking module is configured to accommodate the palmtop-type handheld device.