Hewlett-Packard

About: Hewlett-Packard is a company organization based out in Palo Alto, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Signal & Substrate (printing). The organization has 34663 authors who have published 59808 publications receiving 1467218 citations. The organization is also known as: Hewlett Packard & Hewlett-Packard Company.

ROC Graphs: Notes and Practical Considerations for Data Mining Researchers

Abstract: Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) graphs are a useful technique for organizing classifiers and visualizing their performance. ROC graphs are commonly used in medical decision making, and in recent years have been increasingly adopted in the machine learning and data mining research communities. Although ROC graphs are apparently simple, there are some common misconceptions and pitfalls when using them in practice. This article serves both as a tutorial introduction to ROC graphs and as a practical guide for using them in research.

People, places, things: Web presence for the real world

Abstract: The convergence of Web technology, wireless networks, and portable client devices provides new design opportunities for computer/communications systems. In the HP Labs' Cooltown project we have been exploring these opportunities through an infrastructure to support Web presence for people, places and things. We put Web servers into things like printers and put information into Web servers about things like artwork; we group physically related things into places embodied in Web servers. Using URLs for addressing, physical URL beaconing and sensing of URLs for discovery, and localized Web servers for directories, we can create a location-aware but ubiquitous system to support nomadic users. On top of this infrastructure we can leverage Internet connectivity to support communications services. Web presence bridges the World Wide Web and the physical world we inhabit, providing a model for supporting nomadic users without a central control point.

User interface evaluation in the real world: a comparison of four techniques

Abstract: evaluation; guidelines; usability testing; cognitive walkthrough A user interface (UI) for a software product was evaluated prior to its release by four groups, each applying a different technique: heuristic evaluation, software guidelines, cognitive walkthroughs, and usability testing. Heuristic evaluation by several ill specialists found the most serious problems with the least amount of effort, although they also reported a large number of low-priority problems. The relative advantages of all the techniques are discussed, and suggestions for improvements in the techniques are offered.

No "power" struggles: coordinated multi-level power management for the data center

Abstract: Power delivery, electricity consumption, and heat management are becoming key challenges in data center environments. Several past solutions have individually evaluated different techniques to address separate aspects of this problem, in hardware and software, and at local and global levels. Unfortunately, there has been no corresponding work on coordinating all these solutions. In the absence of such coordination, these solutions are likely to interfere with one another, in unpredictable (and potentially dangerous) ways. This paper seeks to address this problem. We make two key contributions. First, we propose and validate a power management solution that coordinates different individual approaches. Using simulations based on 180 server traces from nine different real-world enterprises, we demonstrate the correctness, stability, and efficiency advantages of our solution. Second, using our unified architecture as the base, we perform a detailed quantitative sensitivity analysis and draw conclusions about the impact of different architectures, implementations, workloads, and system design choices.

Nanoscale molecular-switch crossbar circuits

Abstract: Molecular electronics offer an alternative pathway to construct nanoscale circuits in which the critical dimension is naturally associated with molecular sizes. We describe the fabrication and testing of nanoscale molecular-electronic circuits that comprise a molecular monolayer of [2]rotaxanes sandwiched between metal nanowires to form an 8 × 8 crossbar within a 1 µm 2 area. The resistance at each cross point of the crossbar can be switched reversibly. By using each cross point as an active memory cell, crossbar circuits were operated as rewritable, nonvolatile memory with a density of 6. 4G bits cm −2 .B ys etting the resistances at specific cross points, two 4 × 4s ubarrays of the crossbar were configured to be a nanoscale demultiplexer and multiplexer that were used to read memory bits in a third subarray.