Showing papers by "Hokkaido University published in 1972"
TL;DR: The occurrence of N-nonsubstituted glucosamine residues in Bacillus cereus cell wall peptidoglycan is demonstrated and accounts for resistance of the cell walls to lysozyme.
122 citations
TL;DR: The spectra of visible absorbance and electron paramagnetic resonance are very similar to those of mammalian superoxide dismutases.
98 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that myeloperoxidase Compound III can be formed from the direct reaction between ferric myelopersidase and (O2−), and the concentration of O2− in a cathodic chamber was found to reach approx 10 mM.
95 citations
TL;DR: Dog and rabbit α-fetop protein, which are immunologically cross-reactive with the antibody to human α- Fetoprotein, were also purified by the antibody column to humanα-fetiprotein.
91 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that A.H.C. in Japan is caused by a hitherto unknown type of enterovirus and that outbreaks in other countries may be due to a similar agent.
90 citations
87 citations
TL;DR: Karyotypes of the 4 species were strikingly similar and apparently interchangeable with one another with slight modifications of the centromeric position in one or two pairs of macrochromosomes.
Abstract: Chromosomes were studied in female specimens of the ostrich, Struthio camelus L., cassowary, Casuarius casuarius (L.), emu, Dromiceius novaehollandiae (Lath.) and rhea, Rhea americana L. by means of blood and feather pulp culture techniques. Male karyotypes were also studied in the emu and rhea. The diploid chromosome number was most likely 80 in the ostrich and rhea and 82 in the emu, while the exact number could not be determined in the cassowary. Karyotypes of the 4 species were strikingly similar and apparently interchangeable with one another with slight modifications of the centromeric position in one or two pairs of macrochromosomes. No heteromorphic macrochromosomal pair was found either in female specimens or in male ones of the ratite species so far examined, except for a female rhea. This specimen was found to possess an acrocentric chromosome which was evidently a member of nos. 4–6, but considerably smaller than any other chromosome of the group. 3H-thymidine autoradiography provided no more information than the straightforward morphological analysis with regard to the differentiation of the sex-chromosomes.
75 citations
73 citations
TL;DR: A plentiful appearance of EBV-associated early antigens (EA) and the viral capsid antigen (VCA) in non-producing Raji and NC-37 cell lines when exposed to 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) or 5-iododeoxyURidine (IUdR), strongly suggesting that a complete, but unexpressed, EBV genome exists in the cells of these non- producing lines.
Abstract: NUCLEIC acid hybridization suggests that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome may be present in human lymphoblastoid cell lines that are free of detectable EBV1,2. We describe here a plentiful appearance of EBV-associated early antigens (EA) and the viral capsid antigen (VCA) in non-producing Raji and NC-37 cell lines when exposed to 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) or 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUdR). These antigens were synthesized in all the Raji and NC-37 clones exposed to BUdR or IUdR, strongly suggesting that a complete, but unexpressed, EBV genome exists in the cells of these non-producing lines.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical formulation for the correction to observed effective moments of inertia for the effect of molecular vibration has been worked out for a molecule containing a symmetric internal rotor.
68 citations
TL;DR: Both of the Arrhenius plots suggested that the phospholipid molecules were prerequisite for the abrupt change in the activation energy at about 20 °C.
TL;DR: Oral administration of methyltestosterone caused dark yellow coloration and a thickening of the skin in young pink salmon and some spermatogonia became hypertrophic and developed vacuoles in the cytoplasm.
TL;DR: It appears that the type of electron transfer mechanism is closely related to the extent of modification of lipoamide dehydrogenase by sulfhydryl reagents, particularly when the enzyme is treated with cupric ions, phenylmercuric acetate, N -ethylmaleimide and NADH + arsenite.
TL;DR: The results indicate that deuterium is transferred from ethanol via NADH to the NADPH that is utilized in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and bile acids, and the increased production of NADH during ethanol metabolism did not induce a formation of 3β-hydroxycholanoic acids.
Abstract: The incorporation of deuterium into bile acids and cholesterol in rats with a bile fistula given [1-2H2]ethanol was studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Deuterium-labelling of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids was observed with 0.03 g [1-2H2]ethanol per kg body weight. The 5β position in both bile acids reached a deuterium excess of about 7 atoms per cent with 1 g [1-2H2]ethanol per kg body weight. With this ethanol dose, the deuterium excess in the 3β position was 15 atoms per cent in chenodeoxycholic acid, and 9 atoms per cent in cholic acid. The deuterium excess in the 3β position of metabolites of 3-keto-5β-cholanoic acid was about 13 atoms per cent. In the endogenous bile acids, several positions other than 3β and 5β were labelled, and the number of di- and trideuterated molecules relative to that of monodeuterated ones increased during the first 2 h after ethanol injection. Cholesterol in bile was also labelled in several positions, and the proportion of labelled molecules increased slowly to reach 8–14% 2–3 h after the injection of 1 g [1-2H2]ethanol per kg body weight. The deuterium-labelling of bile acids in positions other than 3β and 5β was greater than that of cholesterol. Fasting for 48 h, and fasting followed by glucose feeding had little influence on the deuterium incorporation into bile acids, where as pyrazole prevented it almost completely.
The results indicate that deuterium is transferred from ethanol via NADH to the NADPH that is utilized in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and bile acids. The higher and more variable labelling of the 3β than the 5β position may be explained by isotope effects or by the ability of the 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, involved in the reduction of the intermediary 3-keto steroids, to utilize NADH. The difference between biliary cholesterol and bile acids with respect to labelling in positions other than 3β and 5β indicates that these compounds do not originate from the same cholesterol pool.
All metabolites of 3-keto-5β-cholanoic acid carried a 3α-hydroxy group. This indicates that the 3β-hydroxy-5β-steroid dehydrogenase isoenzyme of alcohol dehydrogenase has no function in the reductive metabolism of bile acids. Furthermore, the increased production of NADH during ethanol metabolism did not induce a formation of 3β-hydroxycholanoic acids.
TL;DR: In this article, an exact formal expression for an effective dy-namical matrix giving the eigenfrequencies of phonons in a non-crystalline solid in terms of "effective pair-correlation functions".
Abstract: Elementary excitations associated with atomic motion in non-crystalline solids and liquids are studied with particular attention paid to the dependence of their dispersion on local order. In doing this, an attempt is made to obtain an exact formal expression for an effective dy namical matrix giving the eigenfrequencies of phonons in a non-crystalline solid in terms of "effective pair-correlation functions". A brief remark is also given on the moment method and sum rules for the dynamic structure factor to study high-frequency collective motion in liquids. It is suggested that under certain restrictions the phonon-rotan-like behavior of ex citations as observed in liquid helium is likely to exist in almost all types of structure or topological disorder systems (amorphous and glassy solids, liquids, etc.). To substantiate this, a model one-dimensional system is chosen to show how a phonon dispersion curve in a crystal lattice is modified, as the partial disorder characterizing a structure disorder system is intro duced. Such a local disorder is shown to give rise to a frequency gap which decreases with increasing local order and eventually vanishes in the case of complete order. This result is also in qualitative agreement with the pressure- and the temperature-dependence of the rotan minimum energy in liquid helium. Simple numerical calculations are made to compare the obtained results with experiments for collective motion in liquid argon and also in liquid helium. Fairly good agreement is obtained.
TL;DR: From the molecular weight and Fe content of the myeloperoxidase, it was concluded that the enzyme contains two atoms of iron per enzyme molecule.
TL;DR: The type-specific main (TM) antigen was extracted from the leptospiral cells of strain Kyoto of the Hebdomadis group by 90% phenol and was purified mainly by ethanol precipitation and generally resembled that of gram-negative bacterial endotoxin, and this fact suggests that the antigen is composed mainly of lipopolysaccharides.
Abstract: The type-specific main (TM) antigen was extracted from the leptospiral cells of strain Kyoto of the Hebdomadis group by 90% phenol and was purified mainly by ethanol precipitation. The TM antigen was specific, forming one precipitin band by immunodiffusion and reacting by complement fixation test with anti-strain Kyoto serum; so far as has been tested, it does not appear to react with antisera of other serotypes. The sedimentation velocity of the TM antigen was 216S. Morphologically the TM antigen was filamentous in shape with a uniform width of 25 to 30 nm and various lengths from 50 nm to 1 μm. The infrared absorption pattern of the TM antigen generally resembled that of gram-negative bacterial endotoxin, and this fact suggests that the antigen is composed mainly of lipopolysaccharides. Galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, glucosamine, 13 kinds of acidic and neutral amino acids, lipids, and phosphorus were found in the TM antigen.
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface oxygen on manganese dioxide during the oxidation of carbon monoxide at −15 °C was classified into two parts, O s h and O s l, and it was found that O s H was responsible for the catalytic activity of this oxide.
TL;DR: Some adult Coleoptera and Hymenoptera collected in winter in Hokkaido, Japan, proved to be frost-resistant, but the limit of low temperatures at which they could tolerate prolonged freezing without any post-thawed injury was only −10°C regardless of their glycerol content.
TL;DR: Pili separated from the cells of Corynebacterium renale strain 46 (type II) by agitation at high speed in a homogenizer were purified by repeated cycles of ammonium sulfate precipitation, sonic treatment, and centrifugation to conclude that the pili are protein.
Abstract: Pili separated from the cells of Corynebacterium renale strain 46 (type II) by agitation at high speed in a homogenizer were purified by repeated cycles of ammonium sulfate precipitation, sonic treatment, and centrifugation. The preparation of purified pili formed a single antigen-antibody line in agar gel and showed an absorption maximum at 275 nm. The pili subjected to dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis formed a main band and corresponded to the molecular weight of 19,000. The fact that the total nitrogen of the amino acids of the pili was nearly equal to its nitrogen content, together with the absence of detectable carbohydrate, has led to the conclusion that the pili are protein. The pilial protein was composed of 20 amino acids. Preparations of pili which had been treated with 0.5 n NaOH, but not with 1 n HCl, no longer appeared filamentous and failed to form a precipitate with the antibody in agar gels. A comparison has been made of the amino acid composition and certain properties of the pili of C. renale and type I pili and F pili of gram-negative bacteria.
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for measuring the spatial coherence of light by means of speckle patterns produced by using ground glass as a random inhomogeneous medium is described, and its verification is performed experimentally by using a laser and a mercury lamp as light sources.
Abstract: A method is described for measuring the spatial coherence of light by means of speckle patterns produced by using ground glass as a random inhomogeneous medium. The theory of the method is developed and its verification is performed experimentally by using a laser and a mercury lamp as light sources. Characteristics of the present method for exploring the spatial coherence of light fields are discussed.
TL;DR: A description of L-5HTP-induced regional changes in central monoamine concentrations, and plasma corticosterone levels in relation to these changes is given.
Abstract: THE hypothesis of disturbed metabolism of indoleamine in endogenous depression is supported by the facts that 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5HIAA), a main metabolite of serotonin, is decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid1,2, that serotonin concentrations in the hind brain obtained from depressed patients who have committed suicide are diminished3, and that 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP)4 and tryptophan5 can have a therapeutic effect. The efficacy of L-5HTP, the biological immediate serotonin precursor, in the symptomatic treatment of endogenous depression has been reported6, although no biochemical analyses of central monoamine changes following L-5HTP treatment have been made. We now give a description of L-5HTP-induced regional changes in central monoamine concentrations, and plasma corticosterone levels in relation to these changes.
TL;DR: In this article, the emission spectra of benzoic acid in isopentane-methylcyclohexane rigid glass solution at 77°K have been studied with particular regard to effects of dimer formation on the spectra.
TL;DR: Ouabain which was bound to the high-affinity site caused a marked reduction of both (Na + −K + )-ATPase activities in the presence of higher and much lower concentrations of ATP, respectively.
TL;DR: A very sensitive fluorometric determination of thiol compounds has been developed based on the particular fluorescence characteristics of N-(p-(2-Benzimidazolyl)phenyl)maleimide, based on which the oxidation rate of glutathione catalyzed by metal ions was examined and the contents ofThiols in human lacrimal fluid and seurm were determined.
TL;DR: In this paper, the temperature dependence of spontaneous polarization and the field dependence of the polarization at the critical point of triglycine sulfate (TGS) have been investigated.
Abstract: Careful measurements have been made for triglycine sulfate (TGS), in the vicinity of the critical point ${T}_{c}$, on the temperature dependence of the spontaneous polarization and the field dependence of the polarization at ${T}_{c}$. It is found that deviations from the mean-field theory occur only within ${T}_{c}\ensuremath{-}Tl\ensuremath{\Delta}{T}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$C and $El{E}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}0.5$ V/cm. The coherence length ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{0}$ at 0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K is calculated on the basis of Menyh\'ard's theory, which gives a condition for the breakdown of the mean-field theory. The minimum values of ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{0}$ obtained by $\ensuremath{\Delta}{T}_{c}$ and ${E}_{c}$ are 7 and 6 \AA{}, respectively, which are very close to the average distance, 6.8 \AA{}, between statistical units of TGS.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the solubility of kosmochlor at 1 atmosphere in air by the quenching technique at temperatures between 900° and 1450° C.
Abstract: Kosmochlor (NaCrSi2O6) was synthesized by the flux method from melts along the join Na2O·2 SiO2-Na2O·Cr2O3·4 SiO2 at 1000° C in air, and isolated by dissolving the glassy matrix with hydrofluoric and perchloric acids. The join CaMgSi2O6-NaCrSi2O6 was studied at 1 atmosphere in air by the quenching technique at temperatures between 900° and 1450° C, using mixtures of kosmochlor and diopside crystals or diopside glass as starting materials. The phases are diopside solid solution, kosmochlor, spinel (Mg-chromite), eskolaite (Cr2O3) and glass. The maximum solubility of kosmochlor in diopside is 24 wt percent at 1140° C, while diopside is not soluble at all in kosmochlor, resulting in the existence of a wide range of immiscibility. Petrologic significance of the results is discussed.
TL;DR: Decalactone is one of the constituents of Volatiles in Cultured Broth of Sporobolomyces odorus as discussed by the authors, and is a constituent of Decalaxone.
Abstract: (1972). γ-Decalactone—One of Constituents of Volatiles in Cultured Broth of Sporobolomyces odorus. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry: Vol. 36, No. 13, pp. 2585-2587.