Showing papers by "Hokkaido University published in 1977"
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple and ultrasensitive radioimmunoassay has been developed for the simultaneous determination of the cyclic nucleotides in a small volume of biological materials.
651 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that ursodeoxycholic acid, the 7beta epimer of chenode oxygencholic Acid, is effective in the dissolution of cholesterol gallstones.
288 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the temporal dynamics of field-line reconnexion is studied by numerical experiment in a compressible conducting fluid and it is shown that because of localized enhancement of resistivity the reconnoion takes place in an initially antiparallel magnetic field and that an X-type field configuration develops, occupying an extended region.
Abstract: The temporal dynamics of field-line reconnexion is studied by numerical experiment in a compressible conducting fluid. It is shown that because of localized enhancement of resistivity the reconnexion takes place in an initially antiparallel magnetic field and that an X-type field configuration develops, occupying an extended region. There is also a remarkable release of magnetic energy into kinetic and thermal energies. The global flow pattern can spontaneously be set up through the field-line reconnexion under no specially imposed boundary conditions.
255 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the structure of positive-and nCc:gative-parily slates in 12C is studied with a microscopic :l u-parlicle model, where motions of 3 a-clusters are treated by the generator coordinate method.
Abstract: Structure of both positive- and nCc:gative-parily slates in 12C is studied with a microscopic :l u-parlicle model. The c.m. motions of 3 a-clusters are treated by the generator coordinate method. All the levels with T=O below 15 MeV (except the 1:0.7 MeV r+ level) are suc cessfully reproclucecl, including the famous o,+ level and the next positive-parity level which is regarded as :o,+. Another 2', :l1+ and two 4+ stales which have a structure quite similar to that of the O, ,_ and :0, + stales are preclictecl with large K-rnixings. Furthermore the pre sent investigation predicts an existence of O, + state. The structure of all the above excited positive-parity slates is quite diiferenl from that expected in the shell model, hut rather should he considered that· o£ a finite a-boson ga,. The negative-parity leveis are quite well de":ribecl '" memhcrs of the K"=:l- and I bands in the present model. § 1. Introduetion The nucleus "C has been offering a testing field to vanous nuclear models. It is a stable and tight binding system though it is one of the lightest nuclei. On the assumption of a stable average nuclear Jield, shell model \Vas applied in se\·eral \·ersions to explain low energy properties of 12C.'' Unfortunately, all the efforts have resulted in obtaining only partial success. Above all the second 0 t level at 7.7 MeV and the next positive-parity level at 10.3 MeV have been difficult to be reproduced at such low excitation energies. They are also known to have anomalously large a-decay widths.'' Morinaga suggested that they form an excited rotational band with a linear chain structure of 3 a-particles. 11 According to Ikeda's cliagram5l' 61 one can expect appearance of nuclear states with some cluster structure in the neighbourhood o£ decay-threshold energies of a-particles. In 12C, the 0,' le\·el and the next positive-parity level noted aboYe are expected to be such states, that is, to ha\·e distinct cluster structure relevant to the 'Be -1--CY channel al 7.4 MeV. From the \'iewpoint of a-particle mudel this nucleus has been investigated since the early ages of nuclear study. The classical a-particle model was applied to it on the analogy o£ homonuclear tri-atomic mole cule." The modeL howeYer, predicts a :3 state at too low an excitation energy compared with experiment. This dr;cm·back is known to disi!ppear in the micro scopic model.RJ Recently sc1·eral dynamical calculations"' of :3 a-particle system haYe been made by the use of 1·arious a-ct interactions. Fuji\\'ara and Tamagaki 9b 1 11 Preliminary results were
185 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that “serum-sickness” antibodies react with a common disaccharide moiety of non-reducing end of the both glycosphingolipids.
179 citations
TL;DR: The results show that the long-range specific interactions such as specific electrostatic interactions and disulphide linkages are not important for stabilizing the intermediate, and that the transition between the intermediate and the fully unfolded states is extremely rapid (a relaxation time of less than one millisecond).
165 citations
TL;DR: The transition-metal trichalcogenide TaS 3, with an orthorhombic structure was found to undergo a metal-semiconductor transition at 270 K Electron diffraction reveals diffuse scattering above room temperature and superlattice spots at a lower temperature as mentioned in this paper.
135 citations
TL;DR: Diphenyl carbazide containing diphenylcarbazone is used as the color developing reagent instead of diethyldithiocarbamate which was employed in the previous method.
134 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of the physical properties of allophane soils with the properties measured for soils with crystalline clay minerals is made, where the authors provide a comparison between the properties of pyroclastic soils and those of allophone soils, which are the soils having observed properties common to soil materials.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter provides a comparison of the physical properties of allophane soils with the properties measured for soils with crystalline clay minerals Allophone soils are the soils having observed properties common to soil materials, which arise from weathering of pyroclastics The measured values of physical properties of allophane soils show that they have low natural bulk density, high 15-bar water content, and high natural water content The chapter deals with the structure of allophone soils, which is 10–100 A at the lowest level, and 1–10 mm at the highest level Allophane soils generally have a friable surface soil and massive structure in the subsoil, which however has a relatively high permeability The friable structure of the surface soil is partly because of effects of drying Allophane soils have several layers with very different physical properties, which affect water movement and water available for plant use Various physical characteristics of allophane soils are volume change, water retention, water transmission, field studies on infiltration and evaporation, water available for plant use
123 citations
TL;DR: New diterpene glycosides, dulcosides A and B were isolated from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and their structures were established as 19- O -β-glu as mentioned in this paper.
117 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the superlattice was found to be incommensurate, with the period (a, b, c) = a, b = b,c = c, and c = c.
Abstract: In Nb${\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$ one-dimensional diffuse scattering was observed above 140 K and the satellite spots at a lower temperature. They correspond to the Kohn anomaly and the superlattice coupled with charge-density wave, respectively. The superlattice was found to be incommensurate, with the period ${a}^{\ensuremath{'}}=a$, ${b}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\simeq}4.1b$, and ${c}^{\ensuremath{'}}=c$.
TL;DR: Analysis of the LP-I and vitellogenin concentrations of mature eggs indicates that the amounts of the two glycolipoproteins in eggs are insufficient to account for the total acylglycerol content of the eggs.
TL;DR: In this article, the ion-selective property of hydrous ferric oxide precipitate films has been investigated by measuring membrane potentials which arise across precipitate membranes of the oxide with and without adsorbed MoO42− ions and of ferric molybdate in solutions of NaCl, KCl, MgCl 2, CaCl2, BaCl 2 and AlCl3.
TL;DR: A new fluorescent thiol reagent, N -(7-dimethylamino-4-methyl coumarinyl) maleimide (DACM), had a high molar extinction coefficient and a high quantum yield when reacted with protein SH groups, and the quantum yield of DACM attached to the denatured proteins was almost identical regardless of the protein species.
TL;DR: In this article, slow-wave coplanai striplines on GaAs substrates with m.i.t.s. or Schottky junctions are described.
Abstract: Novel slow-wave coplanai striplines on GaAs substrates with m.i.s. or Schottky junctions are described. With these lines, significant reductions in wavelength and bias-dependent behaviours can be achieved at microwave frequencies. The new lines seem potentially very useful for monolithic integration of microwave circuits involving GaAs m.e.s.f.e.t.s.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discussed the tectonic processes taking place along the southern part of the Japan trench on the basis of the focal mechanism of the 1938 Shioya-Oki event which consists of the five large earthquakes of Ms = 7.4, 7.7 and 7.1.
TL;DR: In this article, a plate at 60° incidence impulsively started from rest in an otherwise stationary incompressible fluid is numerically studied through the use of the discrete-vortex approximation, in which the shear layers emanating from the edges of the plate are represented by an array of discrete vortices introduced into the flow field at appropriate time intervals at some fixed points near the edges.
Abstract: Unsteady separated flow behind an inclined flat plate is numerically studied through the use of the discrete-vortex approximation, in which the shear layers emanating from the edges of the plate are represented by an array of discrete vortices introduced into the flow field at appropriate time intervals at some fixed points near the edges of the plate. The strengths of the nascent vortices are chosen so as to satisfy the Kutta condition at the edges of the plate. Numerical calculations are performed for a plate at 60° incidence impulsively started from rest in an otherwise stationary incompressible fluid, by systematically changing the distance between the location of the nascent vortices and the edges of the plate. The temporal changes in the drag force, the rate of vorticity transport at both edges of the plate and the velocity of the separated shear layers are given together with the flow patterns behind the plate on the basis of this model. The results of the computation show that the vortex street behind the plate inclines as a whole towards the direction of the time-averaged lift force exerted on the plate. It is also predicted from the calculations that the vortex shedding at one edge of the plate will not occur at the mid-interval of the successive vortex shedding at the other edge. The predicted flow patterns are not inconsistent with a few experimental observations based on the flow-visualization technique.
TL;DR: The virus, purified by carbon tetrachloride and fluorocarbon treatment followed by differential centrifugation and sucrose density gradient centrifugations, was highly infectious and was seen as spherical particles 60 nm in diameter without any outer projections when viewed in 1% phosphotungstic acid (PTA)-stained preparations.
TL;DR: Some Japanese species ofCeratina bees exhibit habits which seem to be precursors to social life, namely: removal of larval feces by the mother, accompanied by destruction and reconstruction of cell partitions, and transport of immatures within nest.
Abstract: Some Japanese species ofCeratina bees exhibit habits which seem to be precursors to social life, namely: 1) Removal of larval feces by the mother, accompanied by destruction and reconstruction of cell partitions. 2) Transport of immatures within nest. 3) Guarding by the mother at the nest entrance, which is effective in protecting the immatures from parasites. 4) Association of the mother and juvenile adults in autumn, with pollen intake by juveniles from the mother, and 5) Prolonged life span of some females, followed by brood rearing in the second year.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new n-way planar hybrid power divider (henceforth HPD) and an nway coaxial-type HPD are proposed, and the synthesis methods of three-way and four-way HPD's are shown.
Abstract: A new n-way planar hybrid power divider (henceforth HPD) and an n-way coaxial-type HPD are proposed, and the synthesis methods of three-way and four-way planar HPD's are shown. As for the three-way planar HPD, the isolation characteristics among three ports show more than 20 dB, and the VSWR'S of four ports show less than 1.4 in 2:1 bandwidth. The experimental characteristics are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.
TL;DR: The electrode sensitive to dibenzyl dimethyl ammonium (DDA+), which is considered to be an indicator of the membrane potential, was constructed by using tetraphenyl borone (TPB-) embedded in dichloroethane and shown that the electrode can measure the DDA+ uptake in mitochondria during energization.
TL;DR: The fluorescence spectra of superoxide dismutase have a fine vibrational structure and the fluorescence quantum yield of intact protein in pH region from 5 to 10 is essentially constant and very low.
TL;DR: This report reviews the application of fluorescence probes which bind covalently to certain sites of proteins in biological studies and the major organic fluorescence reagents used in this field are tabulated.
Abstract: Studies designed to elucidate life processes require close cooperation between various scientific disciplines. A pertinent example is seen in the application of fluorescence spectroscopy to biological studies, where biological sciences, physical and organic chemistry, and technical innovations complement one another. This report reviews the application of fluorescence probes which bind covalently to certain sites of proteins. The major organic fluorescence reagents used in this field are tabulated.
TL;DR: The effect of magnetic field on the transition curve of monoclinic TaSe 3 was found to be superconducting below 2.1 K as mentioned in this paper, which is anisotropic.
Abstract: Monoclinic TaSe 3 was found to be superconducting below 2.1 K. The effect of magnetic field on the transition curve is very anisotropic. One-dimensional behavior is expected.
TL;DR: Three-137 days after disruption of the guinea pig organ of Corti by perilymphatic perfusion with 20% streptomycin (SM), ultrastructural changes of the nerve fibers in the organ were observed.
Abstract: 3–137 days after disruption of the guinea pig organ of Corti by perilymphatic perfusion with 20% streptomycin (SM), ultrastructural changes of the nerve fibers in the organ were observed. Most of nerve fibers began to degenerate after a latent period of 4 days. On the other hand, a number of fibers survived reactively enlarged and later developed into myelinated and un-myelinated fibers by becoming enclosed in Schwann cells which entered the organ of Corti through the habenula perforata. Regeneration and sprouting of the surviving nerve fibers also occurred. The fibers became mature, but atrophied after 60 days and then gradually disappeared. The regenerating fibers were mainly of the myelinated and unmyelinated efferent type. Retrograde degeneration occurred in both afferent and efferent fibers. In the less damaged organ of Corti perfused with 2 % SM or Ringer's solution, Schwann cell invasion was not found.
TL;DR: In this paper, the average contrast of speckle patterns produced in the far field region of the illuminated metal surfaces has been measured for these samples as a function of the illumination width of the laser light over the object surface and is found to have a relation with their CLA (center line average height) roughness.
Abstract: On the basis of our previous studies on measurements of surface roughness properties using the average speckle contrast, we have actually applied a speckle technique to measure the fine scale roughness of various metal surfaces produced with different finishing processes. The average contrast of speckle patterns produced in the far-field region of the illuminated metal surfaces has been measured for these samples as a function of the illuminated spot width of the laser light over the object surface and is found to have a relation with their CLA (center line average height) roughness. Measurements of surface roughness now become possible for metal objects having various surface profiles by investigating the average contrast variation of speckle intensity distributions as a function of the illuminated spot width of the laser light.
TL;DR: The experimental study has been conducted to verify the theoretical study of laser speckle statistics, and its results are in good agreement with the theoretical ones.
Abstract: The statistical properties (i.e., the probability density function and the average contrast) of laser speckle produced by a weak diffuse object in the diffraction field have been theoretically and experimentally studied with the assumption of the Gaussian statistics for the formation of speckles. The general formulas for the probability density function and the average contrast, which are valid for an entire range of object surface and for the whole diffraction field, are introduced, and their special cases, which have been studied in the past, are derived and discussed. These formulas for the probability density function and the averagae contrast are actually evaluated in the diffraction field of a weak diffuse object illuminated by the Gaussian laser beam. The experimental study has been conducted to verify the above theoretical study, and its results are in good agreement with the theoretical ones. The circularity and noncircularity of the speckle statistics in the diffraction field are discussed on the basis of the theoretical study.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the transformational structure between the given pair of configurations should be the very important and effective determinant for their similarity and suggested that similarity cognition is a dynamic cognitive process involving cognitive transformations of given configurations.