Showing papers by "Hospital for Sick Children published in 1974"
TL;DR: The age and seasonal distributions of orbivirus-positive cases suggest that virus activity is greatest among infants during the colder months of the year and attempts to propagate the virus have so far failed.
121 citations
TL;DR: It seemned that the ingestion of contaminated dirt and dusts rather than "paint pica" was the major route of lead intake and metabolic changes were found in most of 21 children selected from those with excessive lead absorption.
Abstract: A high rate of lead fallout around two secondary lead smelters originated mainly from episodal large-particulate emissions from low-level fugitive sources rather than from stack fumes. The lead content of dustfall, and consequently of soil, vegetation, and outdoor dust, decreased exponentially with distance from the two smelters. Between 13 and 30 percent of the children living in the contaminated areas had absorbed excessive amounts of lead (more than 40 micrograms per 100 milliliters of blood and more than 100 micrograms per gram of hair) as compared with less than 1 percent in a control group. A relationship between blood and hair was established which indicated that the absorption was fairly constant for most children examined. It seemned that the ingestion of contaminated dirt and dusts rather than "paint pica" was the major route of lead intake. Metabolic changes were found in most of 21 children selected from those with excessive lead absorption; 10 to 15 percent of this group showed subtle neurological dysfunctions and minor psychomotor abnormalities.
111 citations
TL;DR: Although there has been a great deal of work on dietary fats and their effects on plasma lipids and the effects of these lipids on the development of fatty plaques in the arterial wall, remarkably little effort has been put into the attempt to find out what components of the arterIAL connective tissue are damaged at the site of the fatty or calcified plaques.
Abstract: A point we wish to make is the fact that although there has been a great deal of work on dietary fats and their effects on plasma lipids and the effects of these lipids on the development of fatty plaques in the arterial wall, there has been remarkably little effort put into the attempt to find out what components of the arterial connective tissue are damaged at the site of the fatty or calcified plaques, or which of the normal components of the wall are particularly susceptible to fat deposition or calcification. Other questions to be dealt with are how these components of the wall are normally protected and why the damage is so sharply localized.
30 citations
19 citations
TL;DR: By using an abbreviated incubation time and a dialyzer in the assay, this work has extended the analytical range to 100 times normal serum activity without sample dilution, and the reduced cost of reagents in comparison to similar procedures.
Abstract: Creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) activity can be measured fluorometrically by coupling the reaction product, creatine, to ninhydrin at alkaline pH. We have automated this procedure to develop an accurate and precise method, which requires 0.1 ml of sample and can be performed at 60 tests per hour. By using an abbreviated incubation time and a dialyzer in the assay, we have extended the analytical range to 100 times normal serum activity without sample dilution. The dialyzer also eliminates the nonspecific protein fluorescence of the sample. An additional advantage of the method is the reduced cost of reagents in comparison to similar procedures. Serum blanks should be analyzed whenever serum creatine is abnormally high, especially in cases of severe renal failure.
8 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that impedance pneumography only has clinical use as a monitor for respiration rates and apnea and that changes in electrode radius, chest-wall resistivity and various thoracic dimensions contribute much more to impedance variations than changes in lung resistivity.
Abstract: Efforts to calibrate measured transthoracic impedances against pulmonary air volumes have been marginally successful. We devised a new nonhomogeneous analogue of the thorax consisting of two coaxial cylinders with different resistivities and dimensions. Measurements were compared with calculations and found to correlate closely. Then, using the mathematical model and data typical of adult male patients, we calculated the relative contributions of all the factors involved in impedance pneumography. We found that changes in electrode radius, chest-wall resistivity and various thoracic dimensions contribute much more to impedance variations than changes in lung resistivity, and conclude that impedance pneumography only has clinical use as a monitor for respiration rates and apnea.
5 citations
01 Jan 1974
TL;DR: The current knowledge concerning tolerance to intravenously administered carbohydrate will be reviewed and studies of intravenous tolerance of monosaccharides in infants have been largely restricted to the newborn period.
Abstract: Parenteral carbohydrate solutions are recognized as important sources of calories for neonates and infants. However, tolerance to intravenous glucose in this age group varies from that of older children. This particularly applies to very low birth-weight infants since failure to recognize their limited tolerance is a potential hazard of the current widespread trend toward parenteral support in their first two weeks of life. Studies of intravenous tolerance of monosaccharides in infants have been largely restricted to the newborn period; reports on this subject in the later stages of infancy and in sick infants are very limited. In this chapter the current knowledge concerning tolerance to intravenously administered carbohydrate will be reviewed.
2 citations