Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón

About: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón is a healthcare organization based out in Madrid, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 11975 authors who have published 12386 publications receiving 244847 citations.

Staphylococcus spp. en España: Situación actual y evolución de la resistencia a antimicrobianos (1986-2006)

Abstract: INTRODUCTION. Since 1986 we have carried out five nationwide point-prevalence studies in Spain analyzing Staphylococcus spp. The 2006 data, corresponding to the sixth study, are presented herein. METHODS. A total of 145 hospitals from all geographic areas of the country participated in the study. We investigated 866 staphylococcal isolates (463 S. aureus). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed against 16 antimicrobials by an automated microdilution method. Susceptibility to tigecycline was determined by the E-test method. RESULTS. Resistance of S. aureus to oxacillin seemed to have stabilized (31.2% in 2002 vs. 29.2% in 2006), and the same was true for resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin and ciprofloxacin. In 2006, isolates were more susceptible to gentamicin (16.9% resistance in 2002 vs. 8.6% in 2006, P < 0.001). None of the isolates presented decreased susceptibility to vancomycin, and the resistance to cotrimoxazole (0.9%) and rifampin (0.6%) was minimal. One isolate showed linezolid resistance. Resistance of coagulase negative staphylococci to oxacillin (61.3% in 2002 vs. 66.7% in 2006) and erythromycin (63.0% in 2002 vs. 66.5% in 2006) remained stable, although resistance to gentamicin (27.8% in 2002 vs. 44.2% in 2006, P < 0.001), ciprofloxacin (44.9% in 2002 vs. 54.3% in 2006, P = 0.010) and clindamycin (33.8% in 2002 vs. 46.2% in 2006, P = 0.001) has increased. Two isolates presented decreased susceptibility to teicoplanin and one was linezolid-resistant. All Staphylococcus spp. were uniformly susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin and tigecycline. CONCLUSIONS. Resistance of Staphylococcus spp. to oxacillin remains high in Spain, but seems to have stabilized in the last years. Linezolid resistance is emerging.

Amine and ammonium functionalization of chloromethylsilane-ended dendrimers. Antimicrobial activity studies.

Abstract: Novel amine- and ammonium-terminated carbosilane dendrimers of type Gn-[Si{CH2O-(C6H4)-3-NMe2}]x or Gn-[Si{CH2O-(C6H4)-3-NMe3+I−}]x have been synthesized and characterized up to second generation by phenolysis of (chloromethyl)silyl-terminated dendrimers with 3-dimethylamine phenol and subsequent quaternization with methyl iodide. Quaternized carbosilane dendrimers are stable in protic solvents and can be solubilised in water after the addition of less than 1% of dimethyl sulfoxide. A study of the antimicrobial activity of these cationic dendrimers of first and second generation against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria is also described. The results obtained demonstrate that the new ammonium-terminated carbosilane dendrimers can be considered as multivalent biocides.