Institution
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Nonprofit•Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States•
About: Howard Hughes Medical Institute is a nonprofit organization based out in Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Gene & RNA. The organization has 20371 authors who have published 34677 publications receiving 5247143 citations. The organization is also known as: HHMI & hhmi.org.
Topics: Gene, RNA, Population, Cellular differentiation, Transcription factor
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The different roles of iron in triggering cell death, targets of iron-dependent ROS that mediate cell death and a new form ofIron-dependent cell death termed ferroptosis are described to suggest new therapeutic avenues to treat cancer, organ damage and degenerative disease.
Abstract: The transition metal iron is essential for life, yet potentially toxic iron-catalyzed reactive oxygen species (ROS) are unavoidable in an oxygen-rich environment. Iron and ROS are increasingly recognized as important initiators and mediators of cell death in a variety of organisms and pathological situations. Here, we review recent discoveries regarding the mechanism by which iron and ROS participate in cell death. We describe the different roles of iron in triggering cell death, targets of iron-dependent ROS that mediate cell death and a new form of iron-dependent cell death termed ferroptosis. Recent advances in understanding the role of iron and ROS in cell death offer unexpected surprises and suggest new therapeutic avenues to treat cancer, organ damage and degenerative disease.
1,491 citations
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TL;DR: The hypothesis that P. aeruginosa might exist as biofilms—structured communities of bacteria encased in a self-produced polymeric matrix—in the cystic fibrosis lung is supported by microscopy of cystic Fibrosis sputum, which shows that the bacterium are in biofilm-like structures.
Abstract: The bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa permanently colonizes cystic fibrosis lungs despite aggressive antibiotic treatment. This suggests that P. aeruginosa might exist as biofilms--structured communities of bacteria encased in a self-produced polymeric matrix--in the cystic fibrosis lung. Consistent with this hypothesis, microscopy of cystic fibrosis sputum shows that P. aeruginosa are in biofilm-like structures. P. aeruginosa uses extracellular quorum-sensing signals (extracellular chemical signals that cue cell-density-dependent gene expression) to coordinate biofilm formation. Here we found that cystic fibrosis sputum produces the two principal P. aeruginosa quorum-sensing signals; however, the relative abundance of these signals was opposite to that of the standard P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 in laboratory broth culture. When P. aeruginosa sputum isolates were grown in broth, some showed quorum-sensing signal ratios like those of the laboratory strain. When we grew these isolates and PAO1 in a laboratory biofilm model, the signal ratios were like those in cystic fibrosis sputum. Our data support the hypothesis that P. aeruginosa are in a biofilm in cystic fibrosis sputum. Moreover, quorum-sensing signal profiling of specific P. aeruginosa strains may serve as a biomarker in screens to identify agents that interfere with biofilm development.
1,490 citations
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TL;DR: In vivo administration of SCF can reverse the macrocytic anemia and locally repair the mast cell deficiency of Sl/Sld mice and provide biological and physical evidence that SCF is a ligand for the c-kit receptor.
1,485 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that purified ACTR is a potent histone acetyltransferase and appears to define a distinct evolutionary branch to this recently described family of coactivator complex.
1,484 citations
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TL;DR: It is found that the EGFR kinase domain can be activated by increasing its local concentration or by mutating a leucine in the activation loop, which suggests that the Kinase domain is intrinsically autoinhibited, and an intermolecular interaction promotes its activation.
1,483 citations
Authors
Showing all 20486 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Bert Vogelstein | 247 | 757 | 332094 |
Richard A. Flavell | 231 | 1328 | 205119 |
Steven A. Rosenberg | 218 | 1204 | 199262 |
Kenneth W. Kinzler | 215 | 640 | 243944 |
Robert J. Lefkowitz | 214 | 860 | 147995 |
Rob Knight | 201 | 1061 | 253207 |
Irving L. Weissman | 201 | 1141 | 172504 |
Ronald M. Evans | 199 | 708 | 166722 |
Francis S. Collins | 196 | 743 | 250787 |
Craig B. Thompson | 195 | 557 | 173172 |
Thomas C. Südhof | 191 | 653 | 118007 |
Joan Massagué | 189 | 408 | 149951 |
Stuart H. Orkin | 186 | 715 | 112182 |
John P. A. Ioannidis | 185 | 1311 | 193612 |
Eric R. Kandel | 184 | 603 | 113560 |