Institution
Humboldt University of Berlin
Education•Berlin, Germany•
About: Humboldt University of Berlin is a education organization based out in Berlin, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 33671 authors who have published 61781 publications receiving 1908102 citations. The organization is also known as: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Universitas Humboldtiana Berolinensis.
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TL;DR: It is argued that methods for implementing the bootstrap with time‐series data are not as well understood as methods for data that are independent random samples, and there is a considerable need for further research.
Abstract: The chapter gives a review of the literature on bootstrap methods for time series data. It describes various possibilities on how the bootstrap method, initially introduced for independent random variables, can be extended to a wide range of dependent variables in discrete time, including parametric or nonparametric time series models, autoregressive and Markov processes, long range dependent time series and nonlinear time series, among others. Relevant bootstrap approaches, namely the intuitive residual bootstrap and Markovian bootstrap methods, the prominent block bootstrap methods as well as frequency domain resampling procedures, are described. Further, conditions for consistent approximations of distributions of parameters of interest by these methods are presented. The presentation is deliberately kept non-technical in order to allow for an easy understanding of the topic, indicating which bootstrap scheme is advantageous under a specific dependence situation and for a given class of parameters of interest. Moreover, the chapter contains an extensive list of relevant references for bootstrap methods for time series.
331 citations
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TL;DR: IL-17 is capable of selectively recruiting neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity via the release of neutrophil-specific chemokines from theperitoneal mesothelium and blocking the effects of IL-17 in vitro and in vivo is investigated.
Abstract: IL-17 is a newly discovered cytokine implicated in the regulation of hemopoiesis and inflammation. Because IL-17 production is restricted to activated T lymphocytes, the effects exerted by IL-17 may help one to understand the contribution of T cells to the inflammatory response. We investigated the role of IL-17 in leukocyte recruitment into the peritoneal cavity. Leukocyte infiltration in vivo was assessed in BALB/Cj mice. Effects of IL-17 on chemokine generation in vitro were examined in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC). Administration of IL-17 i.p. resulted in a selective recruitment of neutrophils into the peritoneum and increased levels of KC chemokine (murine homologue of human growth-related oncogene α (GROα). Pretreatment with anti-KC Ab significantly reduced the IL-17-driven neutrophil accumulation. Primary cultures of HPMC expressed IL-17 receptor mRNA. Exposure of HPMC to IL-17 led to a dose- and time-dependent induction of GROα mRNA and protein. Combination of IL-17 together with TNF-α resulted in an increased stability of GROα mRNA and synergistic release of GROα protein. Anti-IL-17 Ab blocked the effects of IL-17 in vitro and in vivo. IL-17 is capable of selectively recruiting neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity via the release of neutrophil-specific chemokines from the peritoneal mesothelium.
331 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that T cells and macrophages are the most frequent cells in early and active sacroiliitis in SpA, and the correlation of cellularity and MRI enhancement provides further evidence for the role of dynamic MRI to detect early sacroiliaitis.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE Sacroiliitis is a hallmark of the spondyloarthropathies (SpA). The degree of inflammation can be quantified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to further elucidate the pathogenesis of SpA by quantitative cellular analysis of immunostained sacroiliac biopsy specimens and to compare these findings with the degree of enhancement in the sacroiliac joints (SJ) as detected by dynamic MRI. METHODS The degree of acute sacroiliitis detected by MRI after intravenous administration of gadolinium-DTPA was quantitatively assessed by calculating the enhancement observed in the SJ and chronic changes were graded as described in 32 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (n=18), undifferentiated SpA (n=12) and psoriatic arthritis (n=2). Back pain was graded on a visual analogue scale (VAS, 0–10) and disease duration (DD) was assessed. Shortly after MRI, SJ of patients with VAS > 5 were biopsied guided by computed tomography. Immunohistological examination was performed using the APAAP technique; only whole sections > 3 mm were counted. RESULTS By MRI, chronic changes ⩽ grade II were detected in nine patients (group I, DD 2.5 (SD 2.9) years) and > II in 13 patients (group II, DD 7.3 (SD 4.8) years), while enhancement 70% in 12 patients (group B, DD 4.7 (SD 5.8) years). The relative percentage of cartilage (78–93%), bone (7–18%) and proliferating connective tissue (1–4%) was comparable between the groups (range). There were more inflammatory cells in group I compared with group II (mean (SD) 26.7(20.1) versus 5.3 (5.2), p=0.04) and group A compared with B (21.8 (17.3) versus 6.0 (5.6), p=0.05) cells/10 mm 2 ), T cells (10.9 (8.5)) being slightly more frequent than macrophages (9.6 (16.8/10 mm 2 )). Clusters of proliferating fibroblasts were seen in three and new vessel formation in seven cases. CONCLUSION This study shows that T cells and macrophages are the most frequent cells in early and active sacroiliitis in SpA. The correlation of cellularity and MRI enhancement provides further evidence for the role of dynamic MRI to detect early sacroiliitis.
331 citations
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Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ1, Technische Universität München2, University of British Columbia3, Wageningen University and Research Centre4, Autonomous University of Madrid5, Autonomous University of Barcelona6, Humboldt University of Berlin7, University of Nottingham8, University of Greifswald9, Federal Agency for Nature Conservation10, Charles Sturt University11, University of Jena12, Georgia Institute of Technology13, Leibniz University of Hanover14
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic analysis of the ethical implications associated with the ESS concept is presented, and the authors highlight the dangers that some uses of the concept have in obscuring certain types of value and masking unevenness in the distribution of costs and benefits that can arise in the management of ESS.
330 citations
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Harvard University1, University of Amsterdam2, National Institutes of Health3, Northwestern University4, Humboldt University of Berlin5, German Cancer Research Center6, International Agency for Research on Cancer7, Johns Hopkins University8, Aix-Marseille University9, University of Cincinnati10, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center11, Mayo Clinic12, University of Bologna13, Medical University of Vienna14, University of Toronto15, Erasmus University Rotterdam16, The Chinese University of Hong Kong17, Seoul National University18, University of Münster19, University of California, San Francisco20, University of Bonn21, University of Düsseldorf22, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center23, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust24, Heidelberg University25, All India Institute of Medical Sciences26, University of Zurich27
TL;DR: Working Committee 3 recommended that a substantial number of newly recognized types and subtypes should be considered for inclusion in future CNS tumor classifications.
Abstract: cIMPACT-NOW (the Consortium to Inform Molecular and Practical Approaches to CNS Tumor Taxonomy) was established to evaluate and make practical recommendations on recent advances in the field of CNS tumor classification, particularly in light of the rapid progress in molecular insights into these neoplasms. For Round 2 of its deliberations, cIMPACT-NOW Working Committee 3 was reconstituted and convened in Utrecht, The Netherlands, for a meeting designed to review putative new CNS tumor types in advance of any future World Health Organization meeting on CNS tumor classification. In preparatory activities for the meeting and at the actual meeting, a list of possible entities was assembled and each type and subtype debated. Working Committee 3 recommended that a substantial number of newly recognized types and subtypes should be considered for inclusion in future CNS tumor classifications. In addition, the group endorsed a number of principles-relating to classification categories, approaches to classification, nomenclature, and grading-that the group hopes will also inform the future classification of CNS neoplasms.
330 citations
Authors
Showing all 34115 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Karl J. Friston | 217 | 1267 | 217169 |
Peer Bork | 206 | 697 | 245427 |
Raymond J. Dolan | 196 | 919 | 138540 |
Stefan Schreiber | 178 | 1233 | 138528 |
Andreas Pfeiffer | 149 | 1756 | 131080 |
Thomas Hebbeker | 148 | 1984 | 114004 |
Thomas Lohse | 148 | 1237 | 101631 |
Jean Bousquet | 145 | 1288 | 96769 |
Hermann Kolanoski | 145 | 1279 | 96152 |
Josh Moss | 139 | 1019 | 89255 |
R. D. Kass | 138 | 1920 | 107907 |
W. Kozanecki | 138 | 1498 | 99758 |
U. Mallik | 137 | 1625 | 97439 |
C. Haber | 135 | 1507 | 98014 |
Christophe Royon | 134 | 1453 | 90249 |