Institution
Humboldt University of Berlin
Education•Berlin, Germany•
About: Humboldt University of Berlin is a education organization based out in Berlin, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 33671 authors who have published 61781 publications receiving 1908102 citations. The organization is also known as: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Universitas Humboldtiana Berolinensis.
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TL;DR: These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community providing the theory and key practical aspects offlow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data.
Abstract: These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of flow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data. Notably, there are comprehensive sections of all major immune cell types with helpful Tables detailing phenotypes in murine and human cells. The latest flow cytometry techniques and applications are also described, featuring examples of the data that can be generated and, importantly, how the data can be analysed. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid, all written and peer-reviewed by leading experts in the field, making this an essential research companion.
698 citations
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Queen's University Belfast1, Max Planck Society2, California Institute of Technology3, University College Dublin4, University of Southampton5, University of Hawaii6, University of Copenhagen7, Weizmann Institute of Science8, University of Warwick9, University of Edinburgh10, Millennium Institute11, Andrés Bello National University12, European Southern Observatory13, Liverpool John Moores University14, Stockholm University15, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile16, Space Science Institute17, INAF18, University of Padua19, Radboud University Nijmegen20, Netherlands Institute for Space Research21, Spanish National Research Council22, Centre national de la recherche scientifique23, University of Chile24, University of Portsmouth25, University of Pittsburgh26, Instituto Superior Técnico27, University of Warsaw28, University of Turku29, University of Iceland30, Valparaiso University31, University of Cambridge32, Lancaster University33, Humboldt University of Berlin34, Heidelberg University35, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies36, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris37, University of Oxford38, University of Catania39, Johns Hopkins University40, Space Telescope Science Institute41, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics42, University of New South Wales43, Australian National University44, Harvard University45, University of the Free State46, Northwestern University47, University of Minnesota48
TL;DR: Observations and physical modelling of a rapidly fading electromagnetic transient in the galaxy NGC 4993, which is spatially coincident with GW170817, indicate that neutron-star mergers produce gravitational waves and radioactively powered kilonovae, and are a nucleosynthetic source of the r-process elements.
Abstract: Gravitational waves were discovered with the detection of binary black-hole mergers and they should also be detectable from lower-mass neutron-star mergers. These are predicted to eject material rich in heavy radioactive isotopes that can power an electromagnetic signal. This signal is luminous at optical and infrared wavelengths and is called a kilonova. The gravitational-wave source GW170817 arose from a binary neutron-star merger in the nearby Universe with a relatively well confined sky position and distance estimate. Here we report observations and physical modelling of a rapidly fading electromagnetic transient in the galaxy NGC 4993, which is spatially coincident with GW170817 and with a weak, short γ-ray burst. The transient has physical parameters that broadly match the theoretical predictions of blue kilonovae from neutron-star mergers. The emitted electromagnetic radiation can be explained with an ejected mass of 0.04 ± 0.01 solar masses, with an opacity of less than 0.5 square centimetres per gram, at a velocity of 0.2 ± 0.1 times light speed. The power source is constrained to have a power-law slope of -1.2 ± 0.3, consistent with radioactive powering from r-process nuclides. (The r-process is a series of neutron capture reactions that synthesise many of the elements heavier than iron.) We identify line features in the spectra that are consistent with light r-process elements (atomic masses of 90-140). As it fades, the transient rapidly becomes red, and a higher-opacity, lanthanide-rich ejecta component may contribute to the emission. This indicates that neutron-star mergers produce gravitational waves and radioactively powered kilonovae, and are a nucleosynthetic source of the r-process elements.
695 citations
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TL;DR: The study of Baesens et al. (2003) is updated and several novel classification algorithms to the state-of-the-art in credit scoring are compared, providing an independent assessment of recent scoring methods and offering a new baseline to which future approaches can be compared.
692 citations
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TL;DR: A mathematical model for the canonical Wnt pathway is developed that describes the interactions among the core components: Wnt, Frizzled, Dishevelled, GSK3β, APC, axin, β-catenin, and TCF and demonstrates the modular design, sensitivity, and robustness of the Wnt pathways.
Abstract: Wnt signaling plays an important role in both oncogenesis and development. Activation of the Wnt pathway results in stabilization of the transcriptional coactivator β-catenin. Recent studies have demonstrated that axin, which coordinates β-catenin degradation, is itself degraded. Although the key molecules required for transducing a Wnt signal have been identified, a quantitative understanding of this pathway has been lacking. We have developed a mathematical model for the canonical Wnt pathway that describes the interactions among the core components: Wnt, Frizzled, Dishevelled, GSK3β, APC, axin, β-catenin, and TCF. Using a system of differential equations, the model incorporates the kinetics of protein–protein interactions, protein synthesis/degradation, and phosphorylation/dephosphorylation. We initially defined a reference state of kinetic, thermodynamic, and flux data from experiments using Xenopus extracts. Predictions based on the analysis of the reference state were used iteratively to develop a more refined model from which we analyzed the effects of prolonged and transient Wnt stimulation on β-catenin and axin turnover. We predict several unusual features of the Wnt pathway, some of which we tested experimentally. An insight from our model, which we confirmed experimentally, is that the two scaffold proteins axin and APC promote the formation of degradation complexes in very different ways. We can also explain the importance of axin degradation in amplifying and sharpening the Wnt signal, and we show that the dependence of axin degradation on APC is an essential part of an unappreciated regulatory loop that prevents the accumulation of β-catenin at decreased APC concentrations. By applying control analysis to our mathematical model, we demonstrate the modular design, sensitivity, and robustness of the Wnt pathway and derive an explicit expression for tumor suppression and oncogenicity.
692 citations
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TL;DR: This article compares the two approaches (linear model on the one hand and two versions of random forests on the other hand) and finds both striking similarities and differences, some of which can be explained whereas others remain a challenge.
Abstract: Relative importance of regressor variables is an old topic that still awaits a satisfactory solution. When interest is in attributing importance in linear regression, averaging over orderings methods for decomposing R2 are among the state-of-the-art methods, although the mechanism behind their behavior is not (yet) completely understood. Random forests—a machine-learning tool for classification and regression proposed a few years ago—have an inherent procedure of producing variable importances. This article compares the two approaches (linear model on the one hand and two versions of random forests on the other hand) and finds both striking similarities and differences, some of which can be explained whereas others remain a challenge. The investigation improves understanding of the nature of variable importance in random forests. This article has supplementary material online.
690 citations
Authors
Showing all 34115 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Karl J. Friston | 217 | 1267 | 217169 |
Peer Bork | 206 | 697 | 245427 |
Raymond J. Dolan | 196 | 919 | 138540 |
Stefan Schreiber | 178 | 1233 | 138528 |
Andreas Pfeiffer | 149 | 1756 | 131080 |
Thomas Hebbeker | 148 | 1984 | 114004 |
Thomas Lohse | 148 | 1237 | 101631 |
Jean Bousquet | 145 | 1288 | 96769 |
Hermann Kolanoski | 145 | 1279 | 96152 |
Josh Moss | 139 | 1019 | 89255 |
R. D. Kass | 138 | 1920 | 107907 |
W. Kozanecki | 138 | 1498 | 99758 |
U. Mallik | 137 | 1625 | 97439 |
C. Haber | 135 | 1507 | 98014 |
Christophe Royon | 134 | 1453 | 90249 |