Hydro-Québec

About: Hydro-Québec is a government organization based out in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Electric power system & Dielectric. The organization has 2596 authors who have published 4433 publications receiving 100878 citations.

Fallback Control for Isochronous Energy Storage Systems in Autonomous Microgrids Under Denial-of-Service Cyber-Attacks

Abstract: This paper investigates and proposes a mitigation strategy for denial-of-service (DoS) cyber-attacks, targeting the most critical distributed energy resource (DER) in an islanded microgrid featuring a high penetration of renewables; the energy storage system (ESS) operating as the isochronous generator that forms and regulates the microgrid voltage and frequency. A rule-based fallback control strategy is proposed to enhance the resiliency of the microgrid to DoS cyber-attacks by managing the ESS state-of-charge in a decentralized manner, such that it can continue operating as the isochronous DER, while dispatching the remaining DERs in a centralized manner. Supplementary control loops are added to the ESS to manage and coordinate, using local frequency signals, with the remaining DERs, whose local controllers are specifically designed to provide frequency support in the event of DoS cyber-attacks. The proposed scheme is applied on a 25 kV islanded microgrid under two configurations, synchronous machine-based and 100% inverter-interfaced, and its effectiveness is validated on a real-time hardware-in-the loop testing platform.

Recent Progress on Organic Electrodes Materials for Rechargeable Batteries and Supercapacitors.

Abstract: Rechargeable batteries are essential elements for many applications, ranging from portable use up to electric vehicles. Among them, lithium-ion batteries have taken an increasing importance in the day life. However, they suffer of several limitations: safety concerns and risks of thermal runaway, cost, and high carbon footprint, starting with the extraction of the transition metals in ores with low metal content. These limitations were the motivation for an intensive research to replace the inorganic electrodes by organic electrodes. Subsequently, the disadvantages that are mentioned above are overcome, but are replaced by new ones, including the solubility of the organic molecules in the electrolytes and lower operational voltage. However, recent progress has been made. The lower voltage, even though it is partly compensated by a larger capacity density, may preclude the use of organic electrodes for electric vehicles, but the very long cycling lives and the fast kinetics reached recently suggest their use in grid storage and regulation, and possibly in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The purpose of this work is to review the different results and strategies that are currently being used to obtain organic electrodes that make them competitive with lithium-ion batteries for such applications.

On the character of different forms of partial discharge and their related terminologies

Abstract: Experimentally obtained partial discharge pulse forms are compared with those derived theoretically, using a mathematical model of a short gap. The calculations indicate that, with overvolted short gaps, the apparent absence of the protracted ion current tail in the overall pulse form is due to the large excess of the electron current component generated by strongly enhanced cathode emission by the photoeffect and other phenomena. Under conditions of high overvoltage the ion-impact-induced emission, the ion fluxes and, consequently, the ion current component are greatly reduced as compared to the electron current. The long ion current tail, representing not more than a few percent of the total current, passes undetected. Pulseless and pseudo-glow discharges are considered. Preferred terms to designate the different forms of partial discharges are suggested. >

Hydro-Quebec's defence plan against extreme contingencies

Abstract: In recent years, Hydro-Quebec has undertaken a major program to upgrade the reliability of its transmission system. Much effort has focused on increasing the system's ability to withstand extreme contingencies, usually caused by multiple incidents or the successive tripping of transmission lines. In order to counteract such events on its system, Hydro-Quebec has adopted a number of special defensive measures, globally called the "defence plan against extreme contingencies". The goal of this plan, which will be fully operational by 1998, is to detect and confine incidents that exceed the system's strength. This paper summarizes Hydro-Quebec's current orientation for safeguarding its transmission system after extreme contingencies and describes the various automatic measures adopted and, in particular, the RPTC system, one of the main components of the defence plan. The RPTC system will detect multiple line losses directly from fifteen 735 kV substations, include four generation rejection sites and a centralized remote load shedding system.