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Institution

IBM

CompanyArmonk, New York, United States
About: IBM is a company organization based out in Armonk, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Layer (electronics) & Cache. The organization has 134567 authors who have published 253905 publications receiving 7458795 citations. The organization is also known as: International Business Machines Corporation & Big Blue.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
Frederick Jelinek1
01 Apr 1976
TL;DR: Experimental results are presented that indicate the power of the methods and concern modeling of a speaker and of an acoustic processor, extraction of the models' statistical parameters and hypothesis search procedures and likelihood computations of linguistic decoding.
Abstract: Statistical methods useful in automatic recognition of continuous speech are described. They concern modeling of a speaker and of an acoustic processor, extraction of the models' statistical parameters and hypothesis search procedures and likelihood computations of linguistic decoding. Experimental results are presented that indicate the power of the methods.

1,024 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
D. Porcino1, W. Hirt2
TL;DR: The application potential and technical challenges presented by UWB radio as an unconventional but promising new wireless technology are discussed, with the potential to provide solutions for many of today's problems in the areas of spectrum management and radio system engineering.
Abstract: An unprecedented transformation in the design, deployment, and application of short-range wireless devices and services is in progress today. This trend is in line with the imminent transition from third- to fourth-generation radio systems, where heterogeneous environments are expected to prevail eventually. A key driver in this transition is the steep growth in both demand and deployment of WLANs/WPANs based on the wireless standards within the IEEE 802 suite. Today, these short-range devices and networks operate mainly standalone in indoor home and office environments or large enclosed public areas, while their integration into the wireless wide-area infrastructure is still nearly nonexistent and far from trivial. This status quo in the short-range wireless application space is about to be disrupted by novel devices and systems based on the emerging UWB radio technology with the potential to provide solutions for many of today's problems in the areas of spectrum management and radio system engineering. The approach employed by UWB radio devices is based on sharing already occupied spectrum resources by means of the overlay principle, rather than looking for still available but possibly unsuitable new bands. This novel radio technology has received legal adoption by the regulatory authorities in the United States, and efforts to achieve this status in Europe and Asia are underway. This article discusses both the application potential and technical challenges presented by UWB radio as an unconventional but promising new wireless technology.

1,023 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Matthew P. A. Fisher1
TL;DR: The possibility of a new thermodynamic phase in the mixed state of bulk, disordered, type-II superconductors is suggested: a vortex-glass superconductor that lacks conventional off-diagonal long-ranged order, yet is argued to be a true super Conductor with vanishing dc resistance.
Abstract: The possibility of a new thermodynamic phase in the mixed state of bulk, disordered, type-II superconductors is suggested: a vortex-glass superconductor. This phase lacks conventional off-diagonal long-ranged order, yet is argued to be a true superconductor with vanishing dc resistance. In this phase metastable currents are predicted to decay as (lnt${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1/\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}$ with \ensuremath{\mu}(\ensuremath{\le}1) a universal exponent. Relevance to experiments on bulk high-${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{c}}$ oxides is mentioned.

1,019 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work discusses the critical aspects that may affect the scaling of PCRAM, including materials properties, power consumption during programming and read operations, thermal cross-talk between memory cells, and failure mechanisms, and discusses experiments that directly address the scaling properties of the phase-change materials themselves.
Abstract: Nonvolatile RAM using resistance contrast in phase-change materials [or phase-change RAM (PCRAM)] is a promising technology for future storage-class memory. However, such a technology can succeed only if it can scale smaller in size, given the increasingly tiny memory cells that are projected for future technology nodes (i.e., generations). We first discuss the critical aspects that may affect the scaling of PCRAM, including materials properties, power consumption during programming and read operations, thermal cross-talk between memory cells, and failure mechanisms. We then discuss experiments that directly address the scaling properties of the phase-change materials themselves, including studies of phase transitions in both nanoparticles and ultrathin films as a function of particle size and film thickness. This work in materials directly motivated the successful creation of a series of prototype PCRAM devices, which have been fabricated and tested at phase-change material cross-sections with extremely small dimensions as low as 3 nm × 20 nm. These device measurements provide a clear demonstration of the excellent scaling potential offered by this technology, and they are also consistent with the scaling behavior predicted by extensive device simulations. Finally, we discuss issues of device integration and cell design, manufacturability, and reliability.

1,018 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Silvano Di Zenzo1
TL;DR: Gradient based edge detection techniques can be extended to multispectral images in various ways: difference operators can be applied to each component of a multi-image, and the results can be combined, e.g., taking the RMS or the sum, or the maximum of their absolute values.
Abstract: Gradient based edge detection techniques can be extended to multispectral images in various ways: difference operators can be applied to each component of a multi-image, and the results can be combined, e.g., taking the RMS, or the sum, or the maximum of their absolute values. In all of these approaches the image-components do not actually cooperate with one another, i.e., edge evidence along a given direction in one component does not reinforce edge evidence along the same direction in other components. To avoid this, the use of the tensor gradient of multi-images regarded as vector fields is suggested. Explicit formulas for the direction along which the rate of change is maximum, as well as for the maximum rate of change itself, are derived. Digital approximations are obtained by surface fitting.

1,018 citations


Authors

Showing all 134658 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Zhong Lin Wang2452529259003
Anil K. Jain1831016192151
Hyun-Chul Kim1764076183227
Rodney S. Ruoff164666194902
Tobin J. Marks1591621111604
Jean M. J. Fréchet15472690295
Albert-László Barabási152438200119
György Buzsáki15044696433
Stanislas Dehaene14945686539
Philip S. Yu1481914107374
James M. Tour14385991364
Thomas P. Russell141101280055
Naomi J. Halas14043582040
Steven G. Louie13777788794
Daphne Koller13536771073
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202330
2022137
20213,163
20206,336
20196,427
20186,278