IE University

About: IE University is a education organization based out in Segovia, Castilla y León, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Corporate governance & Supply chain. The organization has 527 authors who have published 1709 publications receiving 64682 citations.

Shared leadership in work teams: a social network approach

Abstract: In the past few years, the concept of leadership has shifted from the solitary leader to the team as a potential source of leadership. This shift from a single person to a “shared leadership” model requires new concepts and methods to capture the nature and structure of leadership by teams (Yukl, 1998). In this chapter, we argue that a social network approach helps to provide the conceptual framework and methodological tools to support a shared leadership perspective. To articulate this approach, we first outline some of the basic principles of social network analysis. We then discuss the nature of leadership networks, based on the traditional distinction between transactional and transformational leadership. Next, we discuss the distributional properties of these leadership networks, describing and applying the concept of network centralization. Finally, we discuss the implications of a network conception of shared leadership for research and theory development.

Taking care of business: the impact of culture and gender on entrepreneurs’ blended value creation goals

Abstract: We examine entrepreneurs’ economic, social, and environmental goals for value creation for their new ventures. Drawing on ethics of care and theories of societal post-materialism, we develop a set of hypotheses predicting patterns of value creation across gender and countries. Using a sample of 15,141 entrepreneurs in 48 countries from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, we find that gender and cultural values of post-materialism significantly impact the kinds of value creation emphasized by entrepreneurs. Specifically, women entrepreneurs are more likely than men to emphasize social value goals over economic value creation goals. Individuals who start ventures in strong post-materialist societies are more likely to have social and environmental value creation goals and less likely to have economic value creation goals. Furthermore, as levels of post-materialism rise among societies, the relationship between value creation goals and gender changes, intensifying both the negative effect of being female on economic value goals and the positive effect on social value goals. In other words, post-materialism further widens the gender gap in value creation goals.

Generativity Tension and Value Creation in Platform Ecosystems

Abstract: Platform-based technology ecosystems are new forms of organizing independent actors’ innovations around a stable product system. This collective organization is proving superior to traditional, ver...

Feasibility of recycling pulp and paper mill sludge in the paper and board industries

Abstract: Pulp and paper mills typically generate significant quantities of non-hazardous solid waste which require management as a waste material or as a by-product. Most of these solids are removed after primary mechanical treatment, resulting in a sludge that contains large quantities of fibers, papermaking fillers, or both. Although this primary sludge is commonly landfilled, it could be recycled into production on-site, reused in other pulp and paper mills, or used in other products. In an effort to explore these possibilities, the fiber content, fiber quality, and key physical and chemical properties (humidity, ash content, abrasiveness, drainability, and O2 uptake) of 20 different primary sludges sampled in European mills are reviewed in this paper. Although sludge characteristics are highly variable across pulp and paper mill processes, sludges can be considered to fall into two main types: high-ash sludge (>30% dry weight) and low-ash sludge (<30% dry weight). Results of paper tests (caliper, breaking length, tear index, elongation, bursting strength, stiffness, opacity, whiteness, and porosity) and board tests (ring crush test, Concora medium test, corrugated crush test) suggest that at least 12 of the sludges studied could be reused in the paper and board industry. The results make it possible to differentiate three primary sludge grades: the first needs little cleaning and has appropriate strength properties to be a component of printing and writing papers, tissues, and wrapping papers; the second requires cleaning, bleaching, or both and has appropriate strength properties for applications that do not require high brightness, such as corrugated board, boxboard, and some tissue grades; the third requires cleaning and has limited strength properties, but could be used in some mills that operate using closed water cycles because the final product can tolerate a certain degree of dirt and contamination, as in some packaging and construction-paper grades. Primary sludges share several features in common with recycled paper, and therefore these two materials could be managed together.