Institution
Independent Administrative Institution National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
Facility•Tokyo, Japan•
About: Independent Administrative Institution National Research Institute for Cultural Properties is a facility organization based out in Tokyo, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Cultural heritage & Mural. The organization has 55 authors who have published 104 publications receiving 1411 citations. The organization is also known as: Tobunken.
Topics: Cultural heritage, Mural, Climate change, Genome, Iron bacteria
Papers published on a yearly basis
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01 Dec 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the role of microbes in the deterioration processes, the biochemical mechanisms involved and possible strategies for sustainable conservation of stone monuments and buildings are discussed, as well as how microbes contribute to the biodeterioration processes through their activities and biogeochemical cycles of elements.
Abstract: Geomicrobially induced deterioration of stone monuments and buildings contributes to a considerable loss of world cultural heritage, especially when exposed to a changing climate or environment. The active biodeterioration processes typically involve biochemical activities and cooperation among functional microorganisms in epilithic biofilms, which assimilate mineral nutrients and metabolize anthropogenic pollutants through biogeochemical cycles. Development of any effective mitigation strategies requires the comprehensive understanding of such processes. We focus on how microbes contribute to the biodeterioration processes through their activities and biogeochemical cycles of elements, discuss biochemical mechanisms involved and provide innovative strategies for sustainable conservation of stone monuments and buildings. Biodeterioration of stone monuments and buildings can lead to a loss of world cultural heritage. This Review discusses the role of microbes in the deterioration processes, the biochemical mechanisms involved and possible strategies for sustainable conservation of stone monuments and buildings.
118 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the two main concerns of restorers and conservators are illustrated: looking backwards, to get insight into ancient artistic practices and looking forward, to preserve works of art as long as possible.
Abstract: Ancient paintings are complex materials in terms of chemical analysis because they are usually made of organic/mineral, amorphous/crystallized, major/minor mixtures, evolving with time, and organized in micrometric multi-layered arrangements. In this context, synchrotron micro-imaging techniques offer a powerful analytical platform to reveal the two dimensional atomic, molecular and structural compositions of such complex systems, at a micrometre resolution. The two selected examples illustrate the two main concerns of restorers and conservators: looking backwards, to get insight into ancient artistic practices (in particular through the identification of pigments and binders in Bamiyan Buddhist mural paintings); and looking forward, to preserve works of art as long as possible (through a better understanding of cinnabar blackening in Medieval Spanish paintings). From the analytical chemistry point of view, they also illustrate the relevance of combining micro X-ray fluorescence, micro X-ray absorption spectroscopy, micro X-ray diffraction, and micro-FTIR for the complete analysis of painting cross-sections (binders and pigments).
113 citations
Carnegie Institution for Science1, University of California, Los Angeles2, Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences3, International Sleep Products Association4, University of Arizona5, University of Innsbruck6, University of Bremen7, University of Groningen8, University of California, Santa Cruz9, Centre national de la recherche scientifique10, Harvard University11, Jet Propulsion Laboratory12, University of Helsinki13, Open University14, University of Illinois at Chicago15, University of California, Riverside16, Weizmann Institute of Science17, University of California, Merced18, Independent Administrative Institution National Research Institute for Cultural Properties19, Oregon State University20, Max Planck Society21, University of Copenhagen22, Boston University23, University of California, Irvine24, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration25
TL;DR: For the past decade, observations of carbonyl sulfide (OCS or COS) have been investigated as a proxy for carbon uptake by plants as discussed by the authors, which can be used in conjunction with other independent measures of ecosystem function, like solar-induced fluorescence and carbon and water isotope studies.
Abstract: For the past decade, observations of carbonyl sulfide (OCS or COS) have been investigated as a proxy for carbon uptake by plants. OCS is destroyed by enzymes that interact with CO2 during photosynthesis, namely carbonic anhydrase (CA) and RuBisCO, where CA is the more important one. The majority of sources of OCS to the atmosphere are geographically separated from this large plant sink, whereas the sources and sinks of CO2 are co-located in ecosystems. The drawdown of OCS can therefore be related to the uptake of CO2 without the added complication of co-located emissions comparable in magnitude. Here we review the state of our understanding of the global OCS cycle and its applications to ecosystem carbon cycle science. OCS uptake is correlated well to plant carbon uptake, especially at the regional scale. OCS can be used in conjunction with other independent measures of ecosystem function, like solar-induced fluorescence and carbon and water isotope studies. More work needs to be done to generate global coverage for OCS observations and to link this powerful atmospheric tracer to systems where fundamental questions concerning the carbon and water cycle remain.
109 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the characteristics of characteristic iron oxide sheaths which the iron oxidizing bacteria Leptothrix ochracea (L. oceracea) formed were studied in order to make clear their morphology microstructure, chemical composition, and crystal structure through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), and XRD.
82 citations
TL;DR: Light forest cover seems beneficial for the conservation of the Angkor monuments since it reduces evaporation processes, but further studies should be carried out so as to find an optimal balance between contrasting factors.
69 citations
Authors
Showing all 55 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yoko Katayama | 31 | 76 | 2304 |
| Yoshinori Sato | 18 | 42 | 746 |
| Takumi Mitsutani | 11 | 21 | 396 |
| Chie Sano | 10 | 20 | 208 |
| Rika Kigawa | 10 | 18 | 232 |
| Kazuki Morisaki | 7 | 15 | 130 |
| Akihiro Watanabe | 7 | 21 | 186 |
| Sadatoshi Miura | 6 | 8 | 84 |
| Noriko Hayakawa | 5 | 14 | 65 |
| Wataru Kawanobe | 4 | 6 | 35 |
| Masahide Inuzuka | 4 | 8 | 89 |
| Hajime Baba | 4 | 15 | 43 |
| Yoko Futagami | 4 | 5 | 108 |
| Ryu Murakami | 3 | 5 | 99 |
| Yoko Taniguchi | 3 | 3 | 143 |