Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute

About: Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute is a facility organization based out in New Delhi, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Small area estimation. The organization has 454 authors who have published 870 publications receiving 7987 citations.

Standardizing Proteomics Workflow for Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: Technical and Statistical Considerations.

Abstract: Introduction: The quantitative measurements based on liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) often suffer from the problem of missing values and data heterogeneity from technical variability. We considered a proteomics data set generated from human kidney biopsy material to investigate the technical effects of sample preparation and the quantitative MS. Methods: We studied the effect of tissue storage methods (TSMs) and tissue extraction methods (TEMs) on data analysis. There are two TSMs: frozen (FR) and FFPE (formalin-fixed paraffin embedded); and three TEMs: MAX, TX followed by MAX and SDS followed by MAX. We assessed the impact of different strategies to analyze the data while considering heterogeneity and MVs. We have used analysis of variance (ANOVA) model to study the effects due to various sources of variability. Results and Conclusion: We found that the FFPE TSM is better than the FR TSM. We also found that the one-step TEM (MAX) is better than those of two-steps TEMs. Furthermore, we found the imputation method is a better approach than excluding the proteins with MVs or using unbalanced design.

Variable Level of Dominance of Candidate Genes Controlling Drought Functional Traits in Maize Hybrids.

Abstract: Breeding maize for drought tolerance necessitates the knowledge on tolerant genotypes, molecular basis of drought tolerance mechanism, action and expression pattern of genes. Studying the expression pattern and gene action of candidate genes during drought stress in the hybrids will help in choosing target genes for drought tolerance breeding. In the present investigation, a set of five hybrids and their seven parents with a variable level of tolerance to drought stress was selected to study the magnitude and the direction of 52 drought–responsive candidate genes distributed across various biological functions, viz., stomatal regulation, root development, detoxification, hormone signalling, photosynthesis and sugar metabolism. The tolerant parents, HKI1105 and CML425, and their hybrid, ADWLH2, were physiologically active under drought stress, since vital parameters viz., chlorophyll, root length and relative water content, were on par with the respective well–watered control. All the genes were up–regulated in ADWLH2, many were down–regulated in HM8 and HM9, and most were down–regulated in PMH1 and PMH3 in the shoots and roots. The nature of the gene action was controlled by the parental combination rather than the parent per se. The differentially expressed genes in all five hybrids explained a mostly non–additive gene action over additivity, which was skewed towards any of the parental lines. Tissue–specific gene action was also noticed in many of the genes. The non–additive gene action is driven by genetic diversity, allele polymorphism, events during gene regulation and small RNAs under the stress condition. Differential regulation and cross-talk of genes controlling various biological functions explained the basis of drought tolerance in subtropical maize hybrids. The nature of the gene action and the direction of the expression play crucial roles in designing introgression and hybrid breeding programmes to breed drought tolerant maize hybrids.

Disaggregate level estimates and spatial mapping of food insecurity in Bangladesh by linking survey and census data.

Abstract: Food insecurity is an important and persistent social issue in Bangladesh. Existing data based on socio-economic surveys produce divisional and nationally representative food insecurity estimates but these surveys cannot be used directly to generate reliable district level estimates. We deliberate small area estimation (SAE) approach for estimating the food insecurity status at district level in Bangladesh by combining Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2010 with the Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011. The food insecurity prevalence, gap and severity status have been determined based on per capita calorie intake with a threshold of 2122 kcal per day, as specified by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.The results show that the food insecurity estimates generated from SAE are precise and representative of the spatial heterogeneity in the socioeconomic conditions than do the direct estimates. The maps showing the food insecurity indicators by district indicate that a number of districts in northern and southern parts are more vulnerable in terms of all indicators. These maps will guide the government, international organizations, policymakers and development partners for efficient resource allocation.

Nickel dynamics influenced by municipal solid waste compost application in tea (Camellia sinensis L.): a cup that cheers

Abstract: Effects of municipal solid waste compost application on tea (Camellia sinensis L.) cultivation (Tocklai Vegetative clone 1 and Tocklai Vegetative clone 23) was studied with respect to biomass yield, soil nickel risk, nickel uptake and transfer to tea infusion. Application of municipal solid waste compost @ 2–6 t ha−1 in soil lowered the risk assessment code of nickel by increasing non-labile nickel pool. Reduced Ni translocation factor from root to stem to leaf led to low nickel accumulation in leaf indicating high nickel tolerance ability of tea. Tea infusions from Tocklai Vegetative clone 1 and Tocklai Vegetative clone 23 with municipal solid waste compost application in soil up to 10 t ha−1 showed leaf nickel contents below permissible limit, i.e., from 0.002 to 1.2 and 0.01 to 1.1 μg L−1, respectively. Municipal solid waste compost could therefore be a valuable alternative for soil amendment subject to non-enhancement of soil nickel storage on long-term use. The one-way analysis of variance along with Duncan’s multiple range tests showed significant differences between pair of treatments. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed formation of three different groups between the clones and treatments imposed.