Indian Institute of Management Bangalore

About: Indian Institute of Management Bangalore is a education organization based out in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Emerging markets & Corporate governance. The organization has 491 authors who have published 1254 publications receiving 23853 citations. The organization is also known as: IIMB.

A common pathway toward women's health

Abstract: This paper calls for an alternate approach to studying the aetiology of women's health conditions. Instead of the long-established disease-specific, compartmentalized approach, it recommends focusing on risk exposures that allows for the identification of multiple disease conditions that stem from the same risk factors. Identifying common risk factors and the related pathways to adverse health outcomes can lead to the development of interventions that would favourably affect more than one disease condition. The utility of such an approach is illustrated by a review of literature from across the globe on the association between gender inequity-related exposures and women's health (namely, three health conditions: sexually transmitted infections [STIs], including Human Immunodeficiency Virus [HIV], blindness, and depression; as well as two risk behaviours: eating disorders and tobacco use). The review demonstrates how women's health cannot be viewed independently from the larger social, economic, a...

The effect of paid maternity leave on early childhood growth in low-income and middle-income countries

Abstract: Background Despite recent improvements, low height-for-age, a key indicator of inadequate child nutrition, is an ongoing public health issue in low-income and middle-income countries. Paid maternity leave has the potential to improve child nutrition, but few studies have estimated its impact. Methods We used data from 583 227 children younger than 5 years in 37 countries surveyed as part of the Demographic and Health Surveys (2000–2014) to compare the change in children’s height-for-age z score in five countries that increased their legislated duration of paid maternity leave (Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Bangladesh and Lesotho) relative to 32 other countries that did not. A quasiexperimental difference-in-difference design involving a linear regression of height-for-age z score on the number of weeks of legislated paid maternity leave was used. We included fixed effects for country and birth year to control for, respectively, fixed country characteristics and shared trends in height-for-age, and adjusted for time-varying covariates such as gross domestic product per capita and the female labour force participation rate. Results The mean height-for-age z scores in the pretreatment period were -1.91 (SD=1.44) and –1.47 (SD=1.57) in countries that did and did not change their policies, respectively. The scores increased in treated and control countries over time. A 1-month increase in legislated paid maternity leave was associated with a decrease of 0.08(95% CI −0.20 to 0.04) in child height-for-age z score. Sensitivity analyses did not support a robust association between paid maternity leave policies and height-for-age z score. Conclusion We found little evidence that recent changes in legislated paid maternity leave have been sufficient to affect child height-for-age z scores. The relatively short durations of leave, the potential for low coverage and the strong increasing trend in children’s growth may explain our findings. Future studies considering longer durations or combined interventions may reveal further insight to support policy.

Indian healthcare value chain – status quo not a sustainable solution

Abstract: Purpose Indian healthcare system, especially in rural regions, faces several problems that prevent it from achieving universal and sustainable healthcare coverage. The purpose of this paper is to capture such problems through expert opinions and provide solution concepts that are derived from other similar scenarios. Design/methodology/approach Delphi study has been conducted with 38 experts from diverse areas related to the Indian healthcare sector. Nineteen theses were formulated based on the discussion with experts and were reconfirmed through intensive desktop research. Finally, theses were subjected to expert panel member’s evaluation. Findings The pool of arguments provided by the participating experts included 415 written statements explaining the (dis-)agreement with the theses. The experts achieved consensus in six theses with interquartile ranges smaller or equal to 20. The written arguments provided by experts were summarized into five different categories, namely interrelations/dependencies in healthcare, inequalities in healthcare, lack of proactive measures, importance of healthcare personnel and role of government in healthcare. Finally, a framework is proposed mapping the issues identified at different stages of the healthcare value chain. Problem-based cost allocation and hub-and-spoke model are discussed as potential solutions for the issues identified. Research limitations/implications Lack of empirical and statistical data on the effective cost arising from the present issues suggests future research to determine these expenses and therefore examine the feasibility of applying the problem-based cost allocation framework discussed in this study. Practical implications Results show that merely targeting the supply side of healthcare falls short of the mark, especially in a country, such as India, with large socio-economic differentials. Healthcare system, hence, should be viewed from a market perspective, taking both forces of supply and demand into consideration. Originality/value This study intends to allow for a comprehensive approach to identify the issues in Indian healthcare system by reviewing the existing key studies in literature and validating it through empirical inputs from experts in the domain. Based on the validation, a framework is proposed mapping the issues identified at different stages of the healthcare value chain.

Doctor-patient interaction in telemedicine: Logic of choice and logic of care perspectives

Abstract: This paper focuses on telemedicine implementation, which can be used to extend modern medical knowledge to remote areas in developing countries. By examining doctor- patient interactions in the context of a telemedicine program in India, we posit how the behaviour of the actors interacting over virtual media is determined by interplay between two dominant institutional logics, namely logic of care and logic of choice. The paper draws on the tenets of institutional logics to extend the theoretical understanding about processes of engagement of actors with a new technology and explicates how the engagement evolves with the use of technology. The research emphasizes the essential role of considering the dynamics of logic of care and logic of choice in the design and implementation process.

Ask your doctor whether this product is right for you: a Bayesian joint model for patient drug requests and physician prescriptions

Abstract: The goal of this research is to study jointly physician prescription decisions and patient drug request behaviours. We have adopted a binary logit model and a multinomial logit model to study patient drug request data with excessive zero requests and a multinomial logit model to capture physician prescription decisions. These models are further joined by a flexible non‐parametric multivariate distribution for their random effects. We also adopt an analytically consistent expression for interaction effects in our non‐linear and joint modelling framework. We apply our model to a unique physician panel data set from the erectile dysfunction category. Our key empirical findings include that the triggering of drug requests by direct‐to‐consumer advertising (DTCA) is complex with category level DTCA reducing patients’ probabilities of making drug requests and drug‐specific DTCA driving drug requests for the drug advertised, patients’ characteristics may play a role in both the influence of DTCA on drug requests and the influence of patients’ requests on physicians’ prescription decisions, patients’ drug requests have a positive effect on physicians’ prescription decisions and patients can be consistent with physicians in choosing a drug based on their diagnosis levels and some unobserved factors, and there are significant correlations between physician level random effects that drive both patients’ drug requests and physicians’ prescription decisions, which validate the joint modelling approach.