Indian Institute of Management Bangalore

About: Indian Institute of Management Bangalore is a education organization based out in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Emerging markets & Context (language use). The organization has 491 authors who have published 1254 publications receiving 23853 citations. The organization is also known as: IIMB.

Founder Characteristics and Start-Up Policies of Entrepreneurial Ventures: A Comparison between British and Indian Enterprises

Abstract: An earlier study by the author on 'Entrepreneurial Heuristics' had shown that entrepreneurial performance (especially in terms of innovativeness which is the essence of entrepreneurship) varies significantly with the types of policies and strategies adopted by the enterprise/entrepreneur during the start-up phase. Such policies and strategies were then designated as 'heuristics' because of their non- formal and evolutionary nature. In an entrepreneurial venture the primary source of such policies, strategies or heuristics is naturally the founder who normally has the maximum influence on the decisions made in the enterprise. Based on this logic, it was decided to undertake a follow-up study to ascertain the extent of such association, if any, between the founder characteristics and start-up policies. Coinciding with the design of the follow-up study, the author obtained data from British enterprises using the same research design. This research investigated two important issues in entrepreneurship: (a ) the relationship between founder-characteristics and start-up policies of the enterprise, and (b) comparison of British and Indian enterprises in terms of their start-up policies and founder characteristics. The present paper deals only with the second part. The first part is mentioned here only to explain the rationale for choosing the variables. There are four sets of variables being investigated in this study: (a ) Background and early experiences of the entrepreneur, (b) Personal policies (traits) of the entrepreneur, (c) Motives of the entrepreneur and (d) Management practices (policies and strategies) of the enterprise. The findings are explained and a few hypotheses generated on cross-cultural perspectives on entrepreneur ship and enterprise management.

Research in Multipoint Competition: What Do We Know and Where Are We Headed?

Abstract: With increasing diversification of product scope and geographical footprint, firms meet each other in multiple markets, and the resulting market overlap influences their competitive interactions. This phenomenon of multimarket competition is a young, yet growing, branch of research often subsumed within the work on competitive dynamics. This chapter reviews the scholarly published work on multimarket competition in the strategic management literature. My focus is to map the development of this field, to delineate the boundaries between multimarket competition and competitive dynamics in general, to elucidate the factors that characterize multimarket competition, and to suggest future research directions.

Import Tax Evasion in Cross-Border E-commerce

Abstract: Cross-border e-commerce is increasingly important today. Unfortunately, this sector involves widespread under-declaration of goods' valuation (selling price) to avoid import taxes. Customs brokers play a crucial role in this value chain by ensuring proper declarations at customs, and pay stiff penalties if the retailer is caught under-reporting value in an audit. We illuminate the incentives of import tax evasion by developing a theoretical model of an optimal contract between a customs broker (principal) and an overseas retailer (agent) who may expend resources to under-value his goods, but risks getting caught in an audit. We show that fraud is inevitable at all valuations. We further show that increasing audit accuracy lowers fraud but fails to eliminate it. Our model leads to the following policy prescriptions: (a) higher import duties lead to more fraud, and (b) penalties imposed on the broker are more effective in reducing under-reporting than those imposed on the retailer. Our results can help explain observed trends in cross-border e-commerce.

Investment and Migration Linkages between India and the EU

Abstract: India has had long-standing investment ties with various EU countries. Many EU countries are significant investors in India and several EU-based MNCs have business operations in India. Of late, Indian investments in the EU have also gained importance. Leading Indian IT companies have established local presence through branches and subsidiaries in several EU countries. Alongside the growing business relations between India and the EU, there is increased short-term and circular mobility of persons between India and the EU, in large part to support business operations in each other’s markets. This paper examines the linkages between investment and associated labour mobility between India and the EU. Following the introduction, Section 2 provides a brief literature review of labour mobility and investment relations and their effects on developed and developing nations. Section 3 offers an overview of growing investment relations between India and the EU and accompanying labour flows between India and the EU to underscore the need for studying this linkage. Section 4 discusses immigration and labour market regulations which have a bearing on investment operations and vice versa, for selected EU countries in order to highlight the extent to which regulations on one impinge on the other. It also examines the Schengen treaty and the implications of recent developments such as the EU Blue Card and totalization agreements (signed or under negotiation) between India and some EU countries for investment-related labour mobility from India to the EU. Section 5 provides the findings from in-depth interviews conducted with senior industry executives from leading EU as well as Indian firms to understand the nature of the labour flows which accompany investment operations. It also examines the extent to which investment and labour flows in the India-EU context are complementary and how barriers to labour mobility may affect investment operations in each other’s market. The discussion in this section indicates that there is considerable short-term mobility of Indian business visitors, intra-corporate transferees, and professionals working from Indian subsidiaries of European firms to the EU countries. There is also movement of skilled Indians working in Indian firms in India, to their EU-based subsidiaries. In both cases, movement from India to the EU is mainly driven by the need to address skill shortages in the EU countries and to facilitate the migration and offshoring of client processes to India. The evidence indicates that investment presence in the EU facilitates mobility from India to the EU, although there are considerable differences in labour market and investment regulations across the different EU member countries. Section 6 examines the nature of movement by EU nationals to Indian subsidiaries of EU MNCs and the associated Indian immigration policies affecting such movement. The discussion indicates that such movement is very limited at present, mostly pertaining to business meetings and training sessions and the problems encountered mostly pertain to issues of transparency, poor institutional mechanisms and delays. Section 7 concludes by noting the main issues concerning labour mobility that would need to be addressed to promote India-EU investment relations.

External social capital of the firm: A review

Abstract: The social capital available to the firm from its external network is the focal topic around which the literature is reviewed. 57 papers obtained from search of the top three journals in strategy field have been reviewed. The paper tries to find the patterns and trends in researches done from the review. The major motive behind this is to find relevant research gap in terms of broad areas left untouched when classification of papers is done based on certain criteria. The trends in research and thus the gaps found are discussed. Papers are synthesized based on relation of social capital with performance of the firm. Propositions are made based on it. It is argued that cognitive dimension of social capital of the new venture firm affects the performance of the new venture firm.