Showing papers by "Indian Institute of Management Calcutta published in 2021"
TL;DR: This work studies three such omnichannel configurations and shows that depending on whether a premium product is highly personalized or standardized, opening an additional showroom or a B&M store becomes optimal for the retailer.
62 citations
TL;DR: The findings of this review show how AI has contributed to decision making in the operations research field and synergies, differences, and overlaps in AI, DSSs, and OR are presented.
Abstract: Operations research (OR) has been at the core of decision making since World War II, and today, business interactions on different platforms have changed business dynamics, introducing a high degree of uncertainty. To have a sustainable vision of their business, firms need to have a suitable decision-making process at each stage, including minute details. Our study reviews and investigates the existing research in the field of decision support systems (DSSs) and how artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities have been integrated into OR. The findings of our review show how AI has contributed to decision making in the operations research field. This review presents synergies, differences, and overlaps in AI, DSSs, and OR. Furthermore, a clarification of the literature based on the approaches adopted to develop the DSS is presented along with the underlying theories. The classification has been primarily divided into two categories, i.e. theory building and application-based approaches, along with taxonomies based on the AI, DSS, and OR areas. In this review, past studies were calibrated according to prognostic capability, exploitation of large data sets, number of factors considered, development of learning capability, and validation in the decision-making framework. This paper presents gaps and future research opportunities concerning prediction and learning, decision making and optimization in view of intelligent decision making in today’s era of uncertainty. The theoretical and managerial implications are set forth in the discussion section justifying the research questions.
50 citations
TL;DR: It is found that ICT-enabled awareness creation has a positive impact on value-added, but this effect decreases as product complexity increases, and that I CT-mediated repeated engagement and value- added have an inverted U-shape relationship.
41 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied a vehicle supply chain and formulated four different modes of developing charging infrastructures for EVs when: (a) EV manufacturer invests in setting up the charging infrastructure with a government subsidy to EV consumers, namely the Model M, (b) Government invests in charging infrastructure and also provides a subsidy to EVs consumers, such as the Model MG, and (c) Government invested in the Model G.
Abstract: Electric mobility has emerged as a key initiative for the policymakers and the governments to mitigate the carbon footprint of the transportation sector. However, the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is slow, primarily due to the scarcity of adequate charging facilities. The intriguing factor in terms of developing charging infrastructure is related to which entity should invest in developing the same. Herein, we study a vehicle supply chain and formulated four different modes of developing charging infrastructures for EVs when: (a) EV manufacturer invests in setting up the charging infrastructure with a government subsidy to EV consumers, namely the Model M, (b) EV manufacturer invests in setting up the charging infrastructure, namely the Model R (c) Government invests in setting up charging infrastructure and also provides a subsidy to EV consumers, namely the Model MG, and (d) Government invests in setting up the charging infrastructure, namely the Model G. Our findings show that the Model MG and M are equally effective for generating the maximum EV demand and market share, thereby require maximum effort for developing the charging infrastructure. Further, social welfare is also maximum in these two cases, which is counterintuitive because government support is more in the Model MG as compared to the Model M. Hence, under a limited budget constraint, the government can provide direct subsidy to EV consumers and let EV manufacturer invests in charging infrastructure to maximize social welfare. Further, the Model MG and M have a lower overall environmental impact when GV's environmental impact is higher than a threshold. Additionally, we provide multifaceted policy recommendations for the government, along with manufacturer strategic choices under different scenarios.
38 citations
TL;DR: Two inventory policies that can help the store prioritize walk-in demands over BOPS demands are discussed, and it is shown that each policy has its claim to supremacy over others in different operating environments, characterized by the input parameters.
31 citations
TL;DR: The security concerns involved in the implementation of IoT are reviewed and a framework for security of IoT devices based on Zero Trust and blockchain is proposed and a risk-scoring method and a five-point recommendation for management of IoT security are provided.
Abstract: The benefits ushered through the use of IoT come with its share of security concerns. IoT networks are heterogeneous and existing network security tools and controls are inadequate for them. The Io...
30 citations
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: The results show that boosting classifiers outperform traditional machine learning classifiers in the detection of basic human activities such as walking, standing, sitting, exercise, and sleeping.
Abstract: Mobile health applications are considered to be powerful tools for activity-based wellness management. With the availability of multimodal sensors in smart devices used in our daily lives, it is possible to track human activity and deliver context-aware wellness services. The embedded sensors in naturally used devices such as smartphones, smartwatches, and wearables contain rich information that can be integrated for human activity recognition. Our research demonstrates how powerful boosting algorithms can extract knowledge for human activity classification in a real-life setting. Our results show that boosting classifiers outperform traditional machine learning classifiers in the detection of basic human activities such as walking, standing, sitting, exercise, and sleeping. Further, we perform feature engineering to compare the potential of a smartphone and a smartwatch in activity detection. Our feature engineering strategy provides directions about the selection of sensor features for improvement in classification of basic human activities. The theoretical and practical implications of this research for activity-based wellness management are also discussed.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of both consumer optimism and pessimism on the green apparel buying behavior, using the self-focused regulation theoretical framework, was investigated, and the mediation effect of environmental orientation was measured.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a special issue (SI) editorial contributes to ongoing efforts worldwide to decolonise management and organisational knowledge (MOK), and a robust pluriversal discussion on the how and why of decolonization is presented.
Abstract: This special issue (SI) editorial contributes to ongoing efforts worldwide to decolonise management and organisational knowledge (MOK). A robust pluriversal discussion on the how and why of decolon...
27 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a thorough review and bibliometric analysis are conducted over 336 articles from 2000 until May 2020, which can provide insights into the latest research trends in this area by analyzing the most significant and cited papers, authors collaboration network, keywords, countries and institutions.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors aim to determine risk factors which effect severity and mortality rates in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in KSA, while mortality rates were significantly higher in patients with cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and neurological diseases.
Abstract: Purpose: The first novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) case in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) was reported in Qatif in March 2020 with continual increase in infection and mortality rates since then. In this study, we aim to determine risk factors which effect severity and mortality rates in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in KSA. Method: We reviewed medical records of hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 positive results via reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) tests at Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh between May and August 2020. Data were obtained for patient’s demography, body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities. Additional data on patients that required intensive care unit (ICU) admission and clinical outcomes were recorded and analyzed with Python Pandas. Results: A total of 565 COVID-19 positive patients were inducted in the study out of which, 63 (11.1%) patients died while 101 (17.9%) patients required ICU admission. Disease incidences were significantly higher in males and non-Saudi nationals. Patients with cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal diseases displayed significantly higher association with ICU admissions (p< 0.001) while mortality rates were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and neurological diseases. Univariate cox proportional hazards regression model showed that COVID-19 positive patients requiring ICU admission [Hazard’s ratio, HR=4.2 95% confidence interval, CI 2.5– 7.2);p< 0.001] with preexisting cardiovascular [HR=4.1 (CI 2.5– 6.7);p< 0.001] or respiratory [HR=4.0 (CI 2.0– 8.1);p=0.010] diseases were at significantly higher risk for mortality among the positive patients. There were no significant differences in mortality rates or ICU admissions among males and females, and across different age groups, BMIs and nationalities. Hospitalized patients with cardiovascular comorbidity had the highest risk of death (HR=2.9, CI 1.7– 5.0;p=0.020). Conclusion: Independent risk factors for critical outcomes among COVID-19 in KSA include cardiovascular, respiratory and renal comorbidities.
TL;DR: It is shown that MaaS platforms, when successfully designed, with appropriate pricing models can create an effective and economically sustainable business ecosystem.
TL;DR: The analysis reveals that when a manufacturer’s in-house quality cost is very low, or the degree of product differentiation is in the moderate range, the supplier encroachment could lead to a “win-win” outcome for both players.
TL;DR: This article explored the impact of societal culture on Covid-19 outcomes (morbidity and mortality) and found that societal culture impacts Morbidity, mortality, and morbidity.
Abstract: Researchers have begun exploring the impact of societal culture on Covid-19 outcomes (morbidity and mortality). However, emerging findings need integration with prior literature on societal culture...
TL;DR: The role of good management practices in organizations has recently been emphasized Do the same principles also apply in government organizations, even the most bureaucratic and hierarchical of them? And can skilled, motivated managers identify how to improve these practices, or is there a role for outsiders to help them in this task? Two unique large-scale randomized trials conducted in collaboration with the state police of Rajasthan, India sought to increase police efficiency and improve interactions with the public.
Abstract: The role of good management practices in organizations has recently been emphasized Do the same principles also apply in government organizations, even the most bureaucratic and hierarchical of them? And can skilled, motivated managers identify how to improve these practices, or is there a role for outsiders to help them in this task? Two unique large-scale randomized trials conducted in collaboration with the state police of Rajasthan, India sought to increase police efficiency and improve interactions with the public In a sample of 162 police stations serving almost 8 million people, the first experiment tested four interventions recommended by police reform panels: limitations of arbitrary transfers, rotation of duty assignments and days off, increased community involvement, and on-duty training Field experience motivated a novel fifth intervention: “decoy” visits by field officers posing as citizens attempting to register cases, which gave constables incentives to behave more professionally Only two of these, training and decoy visits, had robust impacts The other three, which would have reduced middle managers’ autonomy, were poorly implemented and ineffective Building upon these findings, we designed a second experiment that provided explicit incentives to police officers to carry out sobriety traffic checkpoints and did not rely on middle managers Linking good performance with the promise of a transfer from the reserve barracks to a desirable police station posting, these incentives worked within existing organizational constraints and had very large effects on performance
TL;DR: A stylized game-theoretic model is developed, where a manufacturer is the leader, while multiple competing retailers are its followers, and how the power imbalance between retailers complements the theory of countervailing power is demonstrated.
TL;DR: The results substantiate the role of Corruption Control as an intervening mechanism via which EP's impact on Environmental Performance assumes effectiveness and uncover fresh evidence of EP's effectiveness in enabling Inclusive Human Development and Environmental Performance on a global scale.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that households in low-income emerging economies resort to debts to finance their conspicuous consumption, and argue that high prevalence of conspicuous consumption in low income emerging economies like India is a cause of economic instability.
Abstract: With high prevalence of conspicuous consumption in low-income emerging economies like India, we argue that households in these economies resort to debts to finance their conspicuous consumption. Us...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated how differences in individuals' spiritual well-being elicit difference in the reconstruction of past events, and found that the difference in individual's spiritual wellbeing played an integral role in past events.
Abstract: Spiritual well-being plays an integral role in the reconstruction of past events. In this direction, the current study investigates how differences in individuals’ spiritual well-being elicit diffe...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a theoretical framework to explain how teenagers' self-related perception influenced social consumption motives through avoidance-related indecisiveness, thereby determining teenagers' attitude towards luxury brands.
TL;DR: In this paper, symbolic interactionism is used as the theoretical frameworning framework for analyzing the influence of symbolic meanings and brand associations on consumers' buying decisions, which is an important area of inquiry.
Abstract: The influence of symbolic meanings and brand associations on consumers’ buying decisions is an important area of inquiry. In this article, we use symbolic interactionism as the theoretical framewor...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the impact of marketing activities on market development (i.e., access to markets, access to resources, affordability, accessibility) using the 4A framework.
Abstract: This article uses the 4A framework (awareness, acceptability, affordability, accessibility) to examine the impact of marketing activities on market development (i.e., access to markets, access to p...
TL;DR: The literature on decision biases in the newsvendor model assumes classical version of the problem where the distribution of random demand is known, and this context is decision-making under risk.
Abstract: The literature on decision biases in the newsvendor model assumes classical version of the problem where the distribution of random demand is known. This context is decision-making under risk. In m...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored evidence of fiscal procyclicality to the previous pandemic cycles between 2000 and 2017 across 143 countries, and found higher relative stimulus by the public sector in low-income countries and also among high debt countries than the private sector, in combating pandemic uncertainties.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored issues like gender representations, stereotypical portrayals, deployment of various appeals, persuasion tactics, and Indian advertising policies in the food commercials targeting Indian children, and found that ads depict boys significantly more than girls, and demonstrate mother as the primary approver for choice of food.
TL;DR: This paper model VSP as a two sided platform, identify conditions under which an advertiser would prefer skippable ads over non-skippable ones, and derive the optimality conditions for VSP’s optimal ad mix, which reveals the existence of an upper bound on number of non-Skipper ads.
TL;DR: This paper examined Indian family firms' outward FDI strategy as a response to IFDI announcements by foreign MNCs and found that the inward FDI-growth response varies across firms and is shaped by heterogeneity in management type (professional/family-based), extent of foreign institutional ownership (high/low), and family CEO's international experience (possessed/not possessed).
Abstract: International business scholarship suggests that inward FDI (IFDI) may elicit a wide variety of strategic response from host country firms. While few studies have examined emerging market firms’ outward FDI (OFDI) strategy as a response to IFDI by foreign MNCs, no study has examined if and how family firms—a common occurrence in emerging markets—initiate similar response. Drawing on three streams of literature (competitive dynamics of emerging market firms, institutional development, and family firms), this study empirically examines a sample of Indian family firms over a six-year time-period. Results suggest that family firms increase their existing OFDI in response to IFDI announcements by foreign MNCs. Results also demonstrate that the OFDI-growth response varies across firms and is shaped by heterogeneity in management type (professional/family-based), extent of foreign institutional ownership (high/low), and family CEO’s international experience (possessed/not possessed). These findings are new to the literature. The study concludes by discussing the theoretical and managerial implications of the findings, and highlighting fertile avenues of future research.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors employ Theil's entropy-based index to estimate diversification in consumption expenditure, and use this as a measure of welfare for both rural and urban households.
Abstract: State-led financial inclusion programmes have been implemented in many developing countries, but their effectiveness in raising welfare remains widely debated. In this article, we report evidence on this issue, against the backdrop of recent policy initiatives on financial inclusion in India. We employ Theil’s entropy-based index to estimate diversification in consumption expenditure, and use this as a measure of welfare. Using household-level panel data across all regions of the country, we find evidence that greater financial inclusion increases diversity in non-food items. Further, we also notice that there is a shift in consumption basket from food items to non-food items. These findings suggest an improvement in welfare for both rural as well as urban households.
TL;DR: The authors examine the conflicts and unintended consequences that arise from diverse social conventions constituting a transformative service and draw on convention theory and an ethnographic approach to identify the causes of such conflicts.
Abstract: In this study, we examine the conflicts and unintended consequences that arise from the diverse social conventions constituting a transformative service. We draw on convention theory and an ethnogr...