Showing papers by "Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar published in 2019"
TL;DR: The Belle II detector as mentioned in this paper is a state-of-the-art detector for heavy flavor physics, quarkonium and exotic states, searches for dark sectors, and many other areas.
Abstract: The Belle II detector will provide a major step forward in precision heavy flavor physics, quarkonium and exotic states, searches for dark sectors, and many other areas. The sensitivity to a large number of key observables can be improved by about an order of magnitude compared to the current measurements, and up to two orders in very clean search measurements. This increase in statistical precision arises not only due to the increased luminosity, but also from improved detector efficiency and precision for many channels. Many of the most interesting observables tend to have very small theoretical uncertainties that will therefore not limit the physics reach. This book has presented many new ideas for measurements, both to elucidate the nature of current anomalies seen in flavor, and to search for new phenomena in a plethora of observables that will become accessible with the Belle II dataset. The simulation used for the studiesinthis book was state ofthe artat the time, though weare learning a lot more about the experiment during the commissioning period. The detector is in operation, and working spectacularly well.
247 citations
TL;DR: A model of a controlled fluid-injection experiment shows that aseismic fault slip outpaces fluid migration, and implies a fault whose strength is the product of a slip-weakening friction coefficient and the local effective normal stress.
Abstract: Earthquake swarms attributed to subsurface fluid injection are usually assumed to occur on faults destabilized by increased pore-fluid pressures. However, fluid injection could also activate aseismic slip, which might outpace pore-fluid migration and transmit earthquake-triggering stress changes beyond the fluid-pressurized region. We tested this theoretical prediction against data derived from fluid-injection experiments that activated and measured slow, aseismic slip on preexisting, shallow faults. We found that the pore pressure and slip history imply a fault whose strength is the product of a slip-weakening friction coefficient and the local effective normal stress. Using a coupled shear-rupture model, we derived constraints on the hydromechanical parameters of the actively deforming fault. The inferred aseismic rupture front propagates faster and to larger distances than the diffusion of pressurized pore fluid.
152 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for supersymmetric particles in the final state with multiple jets and large missing transverse momentum was performed using a sample of proton-proton collisions collected with the CMS detector.
Abstract: Results are reported from a search for supersymmetric particles in the final state with multiple jets and large missing transverse momentum. The search uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 13 TeV collected with the CMS detector in 2016–2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{−1}$, representing essentially the full LHC Run 2 data sample. The analysis is performed in a four-dimensional search region defined in terms of the number of jets, the number of tagged bottom quark jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta, and the magnitude of the vector sum of jet transverse momenta. No significant excess in the event yield is observed relative to the expected background contributions from standard model processes. Limits on the pair production of gluinos and squarks are obtained in the framework of simplified models for supersymmetric particle production and decay processes. Assuming the lightest supersymmetric particle to be a neutralino, lower limits on the gluino mass as large as 2000 to 2310 GeV are obtained at 95% confidence level, while lower limits on the squark mass as large as 1190 to 1630 GeV are obtained, depending on the production scenario.
143 citations
TL;DR: This paper develops an emitter identification based on variational mode decomposition and spectral features (VMD-SF), which outperforms the proposed VMD- $EM^{2}$ method and has lowest computational cost as compared with the aforementioned methods.
Abstract: Specific emitter identification is the process of identifying or discriminating different emitters based on the radio frequency fingerprints extracted from the received signal. Due to inherent non-linearities of the power amplifiers of emitters, these fingerprints provide distinguish features for emitter identification. In this paper, we develop an emitter identification based on variational mode decomposition and spectral features (VMD-SF). As VMD decomposes the received signal simultaneously into various temporal and spectral modes, we choose to explore different spectral features, including spectral flatness, spectral brightness, and spectral roll-off for improving the identification accuracy contrary to existing temporal features-based methods. For demonstrating the robustness of VMD in decomposing the received signal into emitter-specific modes, we also develop a VMD-entropy and moments ( $EM^{2}$ ) method based on existing temporal features extracted from the Hilbert Huang transform of the emitter-specific temporal modes. Our proposed method has three major steps: received signal decomposition using VMD, feature extraction, and emitter identification. We evaluate the performance of the proposed methods using the probability of correct classification ( $P_{cc}$ ) both in single hop and in relaying scenario by varying the number of emitters. To demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed methods, we compared our methods with the existing empirical mode decomposition-(entropy-, first-, and second-order moments) (EMD- $EM^{2}$ ) method both in terms of $P_{cc}$ and computational complexity. Results depict that the proposed VMD-SF emitter identification method outperforms the proposed VMD- $EM^{2}$ method and the existing EMD- $EM^{2}$ method both in single hop and relaying scenarios for a varying number of emitters. In addition, the proposed VMD-SF method has lowest computational cost as compared with the aforementioned methods.
117 citations
TL;DR: This study investigates the recent changes to land surface temperature in the Eastern state of Odisha between 1981 and 2010 and shows that the state has undergone an LULC induced warming which accounts for a quarter of the overall temperature rise since 2001.
Abstract: Land use and land cover (LULC) change has been shown to have significant effect on climate through various pathways that modulate land surface temperature and rainfall. However, few studies have illustrated such a link over the Indian region using observations. Through a combination of ground, satellite remote sensing and reanalysis products, we investigate the recent changes to land surface temperature in the Eastern state of Odisha between 1981 and 2010 and assess its relation to LULC. Our analysis reveals that the mean temperature of the state has increased by ~0.3 °C during the past three decades with the most accelerated warming (~0.9 °C) occurring during the recent decade (2001 to 2010). Our study shows that 25 to 50% of this observed overall warming is associated with LULC. Further we observe that the spatial pattern of LULC changes matches well with the independently estimated warming associated with LULC suggesting a physical association between them. This study also reveals that the largest changes are linked to changing vegetation cover as evidenced by changes to both LULC classes and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Our study shows that the state has undergone an LULC induced warming which accounts for a quarter of the overall temperature rise since 2001. With the expected expansion of urban landscape and concomitant increase in anthropogenic activities along with changing cropping patterns, LULC linked changes to surface temperature and hence regional climate feedback over this region necessitates additional investigations.
112 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new method for the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoflowers/graphene oxide (GO) composite, uniformly grown over Silicon (Si) substrate was reported.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of metal foam geometry on total energy absorption and melting of phase change material (PCM) is analyzed, and a generalized geometry creation model is developed to create the foam geometry by using random distribution of overlapping spheres of constant or variable sizes.
96 citations
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2392 more•Institutions (195)
TL;DR: In this paper, a search is performed for a heavy Majorana neutrino (N), produced in leptonic decay of a W boson propagator and decaying into a W-broson and a lepton, with the CMS detector at the LHC.
Abstract: A search is performed for a heavy Majorana neutrino (N), produced in leptonic decay of a W boson propagator and decaying into a W boson and a lepton, with the CMS detector at the LHC. The signature used in this search consists of two same-sign leptons, in any flavor combination of electrons and muons, and at least one jet. The data were collected during 2016 in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The results are found to be consistent with the expected standard model background. Upper limits are set in the mass range between 20 and 1600 GeV in the context of a Type-I seesaw mechanism, on |V-eN|(2), |V-N|(2), and |VeNV *|(2)/(|V-eN|(2)+|V-N|(2)), where V-N is the matrix element describing the mixing of N with the standard model neutrino of flavor = e, . For N masses between 20 and 1600 GeV, the upper limits on |V-N|(2) range between 2.3 x 10(-5) and unity. These are the most restrictive direct limits for heavy Majorana neutrino masses above 430 GeV.
87 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the potential tertiary treatment of wastewater by adsorption using rice husk biochar (RHC) obtained from microwave pyrolysis of Rice husk was investigated.
83 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an autogenous gas tungsten arc welded P92 weld joint was subjected to two different post weld heat treatment (PWHT) procedures, which reduced the heterogeneity gradient along the weld cross section.
80 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the strength and durability properties of stabilized red mud using alkali activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and its microstructural property for possible application as a geo-material.
TL;DR: A modified Jaya optimization algorithm (MJOA) is proposed by considering a weight parameter in the search process and it is found that MJOA is quite accurate and faster in convergence for complex problems.
TL;DR: The overall performance evaluation of two existing routing protocols namely, Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) for VANETs shows that a combination of proper channel model together with an efficient routing protocol enhance the link throughput of the VANet for a fixed network size.
TL;DR: In this article, a search for charged Higgs bosons in the H$−−1−ε decay mode in the hadronic final state and in final states with an electron or a muon is presented.
Abstract: A search is presented for charged Higgs bosons in the H$^{±}$ → τ$^{±}$ν$_{τ}$ decay mode in the hadronic final state and in final states with an electron or a muon. The search is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{−1}$. The results agree with the background expectation from the standard model. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section times branching fraction to τ$^{±}$ν$_{τ}$ for an H$^{±}$ in the mass range of 80GeV to 3TeV, including the region near the top quark mass. The observed limit ranges from 6 pb at 80 GeV to 5 fb at 3 TeV. The limits are interpreted in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model m$_{h}^{hod −}$ scenario.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the differential cross sections of Z bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV and decaying to muons and electrons, and compared the results to theoretical predictions using fixed order, resummed, and parton shower calculations.
Abstract: Measurements are presented of the differential cross sections for Z bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$
= 13 TeV and decaying to muons and electrons. The data analyzed were collected in 2016 with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The measured fiducial inclusive product of cross section and branching fraction agrees with next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics calculations. Differential cross sections of the transverse momentum pT, the optimized angular variable $$ {\phi}_{\eta}^{\ast } $$
, and the rapidity of lepton pairs are measured. The data are corrected for detector effects and compared to theoretical predictions using fixed order, resummed, and parton shower calculations. The uncertainties of the measured normalized cross sections are smaller than 0.5% for $$ {\phi}_{\eta}^{\ast } $$
< 0.5 and for $$ {p}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{Z}} $$
< 50 GeV.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that bi-stable dielectric elastomer actuators are capable of achieving fast speed for grasping with very low energy consumption, which is significant in the applications to soft grippers and biomimetic robots.
Abstract: Grasping of complicated objects is an active research area which is developing fast throughout the years. Soft grippers can be an effective solution, since they are capable of holding workpieces of various shapes and interacting with unstructured environments effectively. Soft grippers generally consist of soft, flexible and compliant materials, which are able to conform to the shape of the object so that the gripper will not deform or bruise the soft object. Fast grasping of objects with various sizes and shapes remains a challenging task for soft grippers. In the present article, a soft gripper based on bi-stable dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) inspired by the insect-catching ability of the Venus flytrap, is designed. This soft gripper can achieve good performances in grasping various objects by a simple actuation system. The gripper can switch from one stable state to another when subject to an impulse voltage of 0.04 s. The time duration for each grasping action is 0.17 s, and no continuous voltage is required for holding the gripped object. Thus, energy consumption can be achieved as low as 0.1386 J per grasping action. The mechanism of achieving bi-stable states is related to the duration of impulse voltage applied and the resonant frequency of the structure. The present study demonstrates that bi-stable dielectric elastomer actuators are capable of achieving fast speed for grasping with very low energy consumption, which is significant in the applications to soft grippers and biomimetic robots.
TL;DR: A survey of trajectory-based surveillance applications with a focus on clustering, anomaly detection, summarization, and synopsis generation is presented, to summarize the state-of-the-art video object trajectory analysis techniques used in the indoor and outdoor surveillance.
Abstract: Due to the advancement of camera hardware and machine learning techniques, video object tracking for surveillance has received noticeable attention from the computer vision research community Object tracking and trajectory modeling have important applications in surveillance video analysis For example, trajectory clustering, summarization or synopsis generation, and detection of anomalous or abnormal events in videos are mainly being exploited by the research community However, barring one research work (which is almost a decade old), there is no recent review that emphasizes the use of video object trajectories, particularly in the perspective of visual surveillance This paper presents a survey of trajectory-based surveillance applications with a focus on clustering, anomaly detection, summarization, and synopsis generation The methods reviewed in this paper broadly summarize the abovementioned applications The main purpose of this survey is to summarize the state-of-the-art video object trajectory analysis techniques used in the indoor and outdoor surveillance
TL;DR: In this article, a search for new particles has been conducted using events with two high transverse momentum τ leptons that decay hadronically and at least two energetic jets.
Abstract: A search for new particles has been conducted using events with two high transverse momentum τ leptons that decay hadronically and at least two energetic jets. The analysis is performed using data from proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb^(−1). The observed data are consistent with standard model expectations. The results are interpreted in the context of two physics models. The first model involves right-handed charged bosons, W_R, that decay to heavy right-handed Majorana neutrinos, N_l (l = e, μ, τ), arising in a left-right symmetric extension of the standard model. The model considers that N_e and N_μ are too heavy to be detected at the LHC. Assuming that the N_τ mass is half of the W_R mass, masses of the W_R boson below 3.50 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. Exclusion limits are also presented considering different scenarios for the mass ratio between N_τ and W_R, as a function of W_R mass. In the second model, pair production of third-generation scalar leptoquarks that decay into ττbb is considered, resulting in an observed exclusion region with leptoquark masses below 1.02 TeV, assuming a 100% branching fraction for the leptoquark decay to a τ lepton and a bottom quark. These results represent the most stringent limits to date on these models.
TL;DR: In this article, the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of gas tungsten arc welded creep strength enhanced martensitic (CSEM) and austenitic stainless steel (SS) dissimilar welded joint are explored in the as welded (AW) and post weld heat treated (PWHT) conditions.
TL;DR: In this article, measurements of differential top quark pair cross sections using events produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV containing two oppositely charged leptons are presented.
Abstract: Measurements of differential top quark pair $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ cross sections using events produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV containing two oppositely charged leptons are presented. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{−1}$. The differential cross sections are presented as functions of kinematic observables of the top quarks and their decay products, the $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ system, and the total number of jets in the event. The differential cross sections are defined both with particle-level objects in a fiducial phase space close to that of the detector acceptance and with parton-level top quarks in the full phase space. All results are compared with standard model predictions from Monte Carlo simulations with next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at matrix-element level interfaced to parton-shower simulations. Where possible, parton-level results are compared to calculations with beyond-NLO precision in QCD. Significant disagreement is observed between data and all predictions for several observables. The measurements are used to constrain the top quark chromomagnetic dipole moment in an effective field theory framework at NLO in QCD and to extract $ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $ and leptonic charge asymmetries.
TL;DR: Results reveal that the proposed study can be explored to design robust gait biometric systems and converges quicker than other optimization techniques such as genetic algorithm or particle swarm optimization.
Abstract: Evolutionary decision fusion has applications in biometric authentication and verification Gray wolf optimizer (GWO) is one such evolutionary decision fusion approach that can be used to tune the fusion parameters in a multimodal data acquisition system Human gait is a proven biometric trait with applications in security and authentication However, acquiring human-gait data can be erroneous due to various factors and multimodal fusion of such erroneous gait data can be challenging In this paper, we propose a new decision fusion-based approach to solve the above problem Gait data is recorded simultaneously using motion sensors and visible-light camera The signals of the motion sensors are modeled using a long short-term memory neural network and corresponding video recordings are processed using a three-dimensional convolutional neural network GWO has been used to optimize the parameters during fusion It has been chosen based on the underlying hunting strategy that leads to better approximation of the solution Interestingly, in our case it converges quicker than other optimization techniques such as genetic algorithm or particle swarm optimization To test the model, a dataset involving 23 males and females has been recorded while they perform four different types of walks, including, normal walk, fast walk, walking while listening to music , and walking while watching multimedia content on a mobile An overall accuracy of 913% has been recorded across all test scenarios Results reveal that the proposed study can further be explored to design robust gait biometric systems
TL;DR: In this paper, the microstructure of weld fusion and heat affected zone (HAZ) were characterized in different heat treatment conditions using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, and two different type of heat treatments including the postweld direct tempering (PWDT) and re-austenitizing based tempering(PWNT) treatment.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed a search for events consistent with the pair production of a new heavy particle that acts as a mediator between a dark sector and normal matter, and that decays to a light quark and a new fermion called a dark quark.
Abstract: A search is performed for events consistent with the pair production of a new heavy particle that acts as a mediator between a dark sector and normal matter, and that decays to a light quark and a new fermion called a dark quark. The search is based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 16.1 fb(-1) from proton-proton collisions at =13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2016. The dark quark is charged only under a new quantum-chromodynamics-like force, and forms an emerging jet via a parton shower, containing long-lived dark hadrons that give rise to displaced vertices when decaying to standard model hadrons. The data are consistent with the expectation from standard model processes. Limits are set at 95% confidence level excluding dark pion decay lengths between 5 and 225 mm for dark mediators with masses between 400 and 1250 GeV. Decay lengths smaller than 5 and greater than 225 mm are also excluded in the lower part of this mass range. The dependence of the limit on the dark pion mass is weak for masses between 1 and 10 GeV. This analysis is the first dedicated search for the pair production of a new particle that decays to a jet and an emerging jet.
TL;DR: In this article, a creep test was conducted on multi-pass shielded metal arc welded P91 steel weld joint at creep exposure temperature of 620°C for an applied stress of 150 and 200 MPa in as-welded, and post weld heat treatments (PWHTs) state.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of conventional normalizing and tempering (CNT) and double austenitization-based normalizing-and-tempering (DNT) process on microstructure characteristic and mechanical behavior was studied for P92 steel.
TL;DR: In this article, a search for new massive particles decaying into a pair of Higgs bosons in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is presented.
Abstract: A search for new massive particles decaying into a pair of Higgs bosons in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is presented. Data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The search is performed for resonances with a mass between 0.8 and 3.5 TeV using events in which one Higgs boson decays into a bottom quark pair and the other decays into two W bosons that subsequently decay into a lepton, a neutrino, and a quark pair. The Higgs boson decays are reconstructed with techniques that identify final state quarks as substructure within boosted jets. The data are consistent with standard model expectations. Exclusion limits are placed on the product of the cross section and branching fraction for generic spin-0 and spin-2 massive resonances. The results are interpreted in the context of radion and bulk graviton production in models with a warped extra spatial dimension. These are the best results to date from searches for an HH resonance decaying to this final state, and they are comparable to the results from searches in other channels for resonances with masses below 1.5 TeV.
TL;DR: This work addresses the problem of mid-air finger writing using web-cam video as input with a new writing hand pose detection algorithm for initialization of air-writing using the Faster R-CNN framework for accurate hand detection followed by hand segmentation and finally counting the number of raised fingers based on geometrical properties of the hand.
Abstract: Air-writing is the process of writing characters or words in free space using finger or hand movements without the aid of any hand-held device. In this work, we address the problem of mid-air finger writing using web-cam video as input. In spite of recent advances in object detection and tracking, accurate and robust detection and tracking of the fingertip remains a challenging task, primarily due to small dimension of the fingertip. Moreover, the initialization and termination of mid-air finger writing is also challenging due to the absence of any standard delimiting criterion. To solve these problems, we propose a new writing hand pose detection algorithm for initialization of air-writing using the Faster R-CNN framework for accurate hand detection followed by hand segmentation and finally counting the number of raised fingers based on geometrical properties of the hand. Further, we propose a robust fingertip detection and tracking approach using a new signature function called distance-weighted curvature entropy. Finally, a fingertip velocity-based termination criterion is used as a delimiter to mark the completion of the air-writing gesture. Experiments show the superiority of the proposed fingertip detection and tracking algorithm over state-of-the-art approaches giving a mean precision of 73.1 % while achieving real-time performance at 18.5 fps, a condition which is of vital importance to air-writing. Character recognition experiments give a mean accuracy of 96.11 % using the proposed air-writing system, a result which is comparable to that of existing handwritten character recognition systems.
Albert M. Sirunyan, Robin Erbacher1, C. A. Carrillo Montoya2, Wagner Carvalho3 +2371 more•Institutions (199)
TL;DR: The WZ production cross section is measured in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy = 13 TeV using data collected with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1).
Abstract: The WZ production cross section is measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy = 13 TeV using data collected with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The inclusive cross section is measured to be sigma(tot)(ppWZ)=48.0) pb, resulting in a total uncertainty of -2.78/+2.98 pb. Fiducial cross section and ratios of charge-dependent cross section measurements are provided. Differential cross section measurements are also presented with respect to three variables: the Z boson transverse momentum p(T), the leading jet p(T), and the M(WZ) variable, defined as the invariant mass of the system composed of the three leptons and the missing transverse momentum. Differential measurements with respect to the W boson p(T), separated by charge, are also shown. Results are consistent with standard model predictions, favouring next-to-next-to-leading-order predictions over those at next-to-leading order. Constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings are derived via a binned maximum likelihood fit to the M(WZ) variable.
TL;DR: Results showed that the proposed ECG beat extraction approach can improve the classification accuracy by preserving the QRS complex portion and suppressing the background noises under acceptable level of noises, and achieve higher kappa values for the classification accuracies.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a new automated quality-aware electrocardiogram (ECG) beat classification method for effective diagnosis of ECG arrhythmias under unsupervised healthcare environments. The proposed method consists of three major stages: 1) the ECG signal quality assessment (“ acceptable ” or “ unacceptable ”) based on our previous modified complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition and temporal features; 2) the ECG signal reconstruction and R-peak detection; and 3) the ECG beat classification including the ECG beat extraction, beat alignment, and normalized cross-correlation-based beat classification. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed method are evaluated using different normal and abnormal ECG signals taken from the standard MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. Evaluation results show that the proposed quality-aware ECG beat classification method can significantly achieve false alarm reduction ranging from 24% to 93% under noisy ECG recordings. The R-peak detector achieves the average Se = 99.67% and positive predictivity (Pp) = 93.10% and the average sensitivity (Se) = 99.65% and Pp = 98.88% without and with denoising approaches, respectively. Results further showed that the proposed ECG beat extraction approach can improve the classification accuracy by preserving the QRS complex portion and suppressing the background noises under acceptable level of noises. The quality-aware ECG beat classification methods achieve higher kappa values for the classification accuracies which can be consistent as compared with the heartbeat classification methods without the ECG quality assessment process.
TL;DR: The first observation of the spontaneous polarization of Λ and Λ[over ¯] hyperons transverse to the production plane in e^{+}e^{-} annihilation is reported, which is attributed to the effect arising from a polarizing fragmentation function.
Abstract: We report the first observation of the spontaneous polarization of Λ and Λ[over ¯] hyperons transverse to the production plane in e^{+}e^{-} annihilation, which is attributed to the effect arising from a polarizing fragmentation function. For inclusive Λ/Λ[over ¯] production, we also report results with subtracted feed-down contributions from Σ^{0} and charm. This measurement uses a dataset of 800.4 fb^{-1} collected by the Belle experiment at or near a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV. We observe a significant polarization that rises with the fractional energy carried by the Λ/Λ[over ¯] hyperon.