Showing papers by "Indian Institute of Technology Bombay published in 2022"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarize the recent progress of nanostructured modified double hydroxides (LDHs) materials, their classification, synthesis, and a detailed discussion on their characterization techniques.
Abstract: Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are emerging catalyst materials with inner layer water molecules and higher anion exchange capacity. They have been extensively used as catalyst materials owing to their high specific surface area, environmental friendliness, lower cost, and non-toxicity. However, the lower surface area and leaching of metal ions from LDHs composites reduce the process efficiency of the catalyst. Modifying the LDHs materials with other materials can improve the surface properties of the composite and enhance the catalytic performance. Herein, this review aims to summarize the recent progress of nanostructured modified LDHs materials, their classification, synthesis, and a detailed discussion on their characterization techniques. Further, this study also discusses the application of nanostructured modified LDHs materials as catalysts in advanced oxidation process (AOPs) for various organic pollutants removal.
99 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on the occurrence of micropollutants in landfill leachate, their detection methods and removal from landfill Leachate using AOPs.
40 citations
TL;DR: Using first principles density functional theory simulations, the authors observed that the scandium decorated C24 fullerene can adsorb up to six hydrogen molecules with an average adsorption energy of −0.35 eV per H2 and average desorption temperature of 451 K.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the Aspen PLUS process simulator was employed to investigate the critical parameters such as gasification temperature, reactions temperature, and gas agent composition on H 2 and CO concentrations, CO and CO 2 conversion, H 2 /CO ratio, and the syngas process efficiency.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an effort has been made to prolong tool life and improve surface quality via hybridization of water and CuO nanofluid-based MQL with PVD coated (AlTiN/TiAlN) and uncoated WC micro end-mill in micromilling of Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a system dynamics-based methodological framework for Dynamic Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (D-LCSA) capable of incorporating the dynamic changes in the building characteristics with time and capturing the interactions amongst different sustainability indicators is introduced.
23 citations
01 May 2022
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article, various commonly used enzymes in Biocatalytic Membrane (BCM) were discussed for removing MEC and fouling. And the scale-up, commercial viability, challenges, and future direction for improving BCMs have been discussed and shown bright possibilities for these new generation membranes.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article , various commonly used enzymes in Biocatalytic Membrane (BCM) were discussed for removing MEC, antifouling, and self-cleaning ability.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the following areas will be central to the development of cyanobacterial cell factories: engineered and well-characterized host strains, model-guided pathway design, and advanced synthetic biology tools.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors argue that the following areas will be central to the development of cyanobacterial cell factories: engineered and well-characterized host strains, model-guided pathway design, and advanced synthetic biology tools.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used medicinal flower extract of Clitoria ternatea to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) and examined its antibacterial and photocatalytic dye degradation activities.
Abstract: • NiO NPs synthesized using Clitoria ternatea flower extract. • The flower extract acts as a strong capping and reducing agent. • NiO NPs exhibits hexagonal shape with average particle size of 13 nm. • NiO NPs exhibits significant resistance against gram negative E. coli bacteria. • NiO NPs degrades 88.8% of FG and 76.64% of RB dye in the presence of sunlight. The present study is aimed to synthesize nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) by using medicinal flower extract of Clitoria ternatea and examine its antibacterial and photocatalytic dye degradation activities. The synthesized NPs were investigated using UV–visible spectroscopy wherein they exhibited a color change pattern and confirmed their maximum absorption peak at 280 nm, which is distinct for NiO NPs. The FTIR analysis showed the presence of various functional groups in the flower extract as well as on the NiO NPs. XRD studies revealed the high crystalline nature of NiO NPs with 9.6 nm average size. The TEM micrograph shows hexagonal shape of the NPs that are non-agglomerated with a particle size of 13 nm. The composition of nickel and oxygen elements was confirmed through EDX studies. Using the well diffusion method, the antibacterial activity of NiO NPs was tested against both gram positive and gram-negative bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . Additionally, photocatalytic degradation of Fast Green (FG) and Rose Bengal (RB) dye molecules were performed by using NiO NPs. Based on the obtained results, we confirmed that NiO NPs degrade FG by 89 % and RB by 77 % in the presence of sun light.
TL;DR: In this paper, a β-Ti dendrite reinforced Zr-based bulk metallic glass composite (BMGC) was found to be brittle when cast in a large size and the reasons for the embrittlement and the effectiveness of the cryothermal cycling (CTC) treatment in restoring the mode I fracture toughness were examined.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of nano silica on modified proctor compaction, CBR and UCS tests was investigated by treating silty sand with colloidal nano-silica in three different concentration grades of NS-20, NS-30 and NS-40.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors discuss the recent advancements in understanding the formation and role of α-Syn oligomers in PD pathogenesis and discuss the possible ways to target α-syn as a promising approach against PD and the possible future directions.
TL;DR: A critical review of existing knowledge on OST, FS collection, transportation and disposal of faecal sludge (FS, sludge getting accumulated in OST), leading to considerable water and soil pollution is presented in this paper.
TL;DR: Mahajan et al. as discussed by the authors presented an updated estimation of the bottom-up global surface seawater dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatology, called DMS-Rev3.
Abstract: Abstract. This paper presents an updated estimation of the bottom-up global surface seawater dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatology. This update, called DMS-Rev3, is the third of its kind and includes five significant changes from the last climatology, L11 (Lana et al., 2011), that was released about a decade ago. The first change is the inclusion of new observations that have become available over the last decade, creating a database of 873 539 observations leading to an ∼ 18-fold increase in raw data as compared to the last estimation. The second is significant improvements in data handling, processing, and filtering, to avoid biases due to different observation frequencies which result from different measurement techniques. Thirdly, we incorporate the dynamic seasonal changes observed in the geographic boundaries of the ocean biogeochemical provinces. The fourth change involves the refinement of the interpolation algorithm used to fill in the missing data. Lastly, an upgraded smoothing algorithm based on observed DMS variability length scales (VLS) helps to reproduce a more realistic distribution of the DMS concentration data. The results show that DMS-Rev3 estimates the global annual mean DMS concentration to be ∼ 2.26 nM (2.39 nM without a sea-ice mask), i.e., about 4 % lower than the previous bottom-up L11 climatology. However, significant regional differences of more than 100 % as compared to L11 are observed. The global sea-to-air flux of DMS is estimated at ∼ 27.1 TgS yr−1, which is about 4 % lower than L11, although, like the DMS distribution, large regional differences were observed. The largest changes are observed in high concentration regions such as the polar oceans, although oceanic regions that were under-sampled in the past also show large differences between revisions of the climatology. Finally, DMS-Rev3 reduces the previously observed patchiness in high productivity regions. The new climatology, along with the algorithm, can be found in the online repository: https://doi.org/10.17632/hyn62spny2.1 (Mahajan, 2021).
TL;DR: In this article , the authors demonstrate visible-to-near infrared wavelength-driven positive photoconductance (PPC) and negative photoresponsivities (NPC) in an air stable, high mobility, broadband black phosphorus (BP) field effect transistor (FET) covered with a few layer MoS$_2$ flake.
Abstract: Layered two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) semiconductors and their heterostructures have been shown to exhibit positive photoconductance (PPC) in many studies. A few recent reports have demonstrated negative photoconductance (NPC) as well that can enable broadband photodetection besides multi-level optoelectronic logic and memory. Controllable and reversible switching between PPC and NPC is a key requirement for these applications. This report demonstrates visible-to-near infrared wavelength-driven NPC and PPC, along with reversible switching between the two, in an air stable, high mobility, broadband black phosphorus (BP) field effect transistor (FET) covered with a few layer MoS$_2$ flake. The crossover switching wavelength can be tuned by varying the MoS$_2$ bandgap through its flake thickness and the NPC and PPC photoresponsivities can be modulated using electrostatic gating as well as laser power. Recombination-driven NPC and PPC allows for reversible switching at reasonable time scales of a few seconds. Further, gate voltage-dependent negative persistent photoconductance enables synaptic behavior that is well-suited for optosynaptic applications.
TL;DR: A review of the current status of research and development activities in the area of natural gas hydrate systems in India taking a cue from the NGHP-02 research findings is presented in this paper.
TL;DR: In this article , the physical basis for the structural diversity in condensed phases of multi-domain RNA-binding proteins was explored using coarse-grained Langevin dynamics simulations, and a highly cooperative first-order transition between disordered structures and an ordered phase whereby chains of PLD organized in fibrils with high nematic orientational order was discovered.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated a tube-in-tank storage system where the refrigerant flows inside the tube and the PCM is outside the tube, and they found that 15 fins are the optimum case for achieving the balance between the solidification rate and the stored PCM mass.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the permselectivity of an ionene-based anion exchange membrane, where cationic charged groups are located directly on the polymer backbone, instead of being pendant.
TL;DR: A Split DC-Link Dual Active Bridge (SDLDAB) based multiport converter (MPC) is proposed in this paper to interface two solar PV modules, and a battery bank with dc microgrid.
Abstract: A split dc-link dual-active-bridge (SDLDAB)-based multiport converter (MPC) is proposed in this article. The intended application of the SDLDAB converter is to interface two solar photovoltaic (PV) modules and a battery bank with a dc microgrid. Depending upon the prevailing atmospheric condition, these two solar PV modules can be operated at their maximum power points. This is achieved by maintaining appropriate voltages at the input terminals of the two PV modules. A high-frequency transformer is employed to provide high voltage gain between the dc microgrid and PV as well as battery ports. A direct power flow path is established between the solar PV modules and the battery without involving the transformer. The transformer current is minimized by appropriately modulating the switching sequence of the SDLDAB. Detailed simulation studies are carried out to predict the performance of the system. A laboratory prototype of the SDLDAB having 1-kW power rating is fabricated. The performance of the MPC is validated by carrying out detailed experimental studies on the developed prototype.
TL;DR: In this article , a hierarchical polyaniline (PANI) functionalized polycrystalline hybrid units was used to obtain high dielectric strength and rapid charge transport.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated hydrogen-enriched biogas (gaseous fuel) and diesel (pilot fuel) in a compression ignition engine at variable compression ratios.
TL;DR: In this article , the structural phase purity and morphological features of Sm3+ activated inorganic orthophosphate CsMgPO4 (CSMP) phosphors were studied by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively.
TL;DR: In this article , the applicability of plasma gasification for the treatment of biomedical waste in the present scenario has been reviewed and further steps have been suggested for the Indian scenario to make this technology commercially viable in the long run.
Abstract: The recent COVID-19 pandemic, which has hit the world, is third in the last two decades. The safety and precaution measures have led to the generation of a colossal pile of biomedical waste, including plastic waste, due to the usage of personal protective equipment kits and safety equipment that is not easily manageable. The environment and health and safety concerns for humans require biomedical waste to be treated with an outstanding treatment process that can help humanity manage it by adhering to strict environmental norms prescribed. The plasma gasification technology is the most beneficial and efficient technology for treating biomedical waste. The byproducts generated can be utilized further as valuable inputs in other industries, thus strengthening the circular economy concept. In this research paper, the applicability of plasma gasification for the treatment of biomedical waste in the present scenario has been reviewed. The feasibility and applicability of the technology in handling biomedical waste have been reviewed via various research articles in this study. Also, further steps have been suggested for the Indian scenario to make this technology commercially viable in the long run.
TL;DR: In this paper, a mathematical model was developed to obtain a similarity solution for heat transfer analysis during progressive freeze-concentration-based desalination, which considered the process as a one-phase Stefan problem.
TL;DR: In this article, the criticality of including climate change effects in models of deterioration of civil engineering structures was highlighted, and the authors pointed out the importance of considering the impact of climate change on these models.
Abstract: Recent findings reported in the contemporary literature have underlined the criticality of including climate change effects in models of deterioration of civil engineering structures. High...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors model daily emissions reductions in CO2 and short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs) during different lockdown periods using bottom-up regional emission inventory, and show that the reduction in the emission ratio of NOx to NMVOC coincided spatially with observed increases in O3, consistent with reduced uptake of O3 from night-time NOx reactions.