Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

About: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay is a education organization based out in Mumbai, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Computer science. The organization has 16756 authors who have published 33588 publications receiving 570559 citations.

Protein microarrays and novel detection platforms.

Abstract: The field of proteomics has undergone rapid advancements over the last decade and protein microarrays have emerged as a promising technological platform for the challenging task of studying complex proteomes This gel-free approach has found an increasing number of applications due to its ability to rapidly and efficiently study thousands of proteins simultaneously Different protein microarrays, including capture arrays, reverse-phase arrays, tissue microarrays, lectin microarrays and cell-free expression microarrays, have emerged, which have demonstrated numerous applications for proteomics studies including biomarker discovery, protein interaction studies, enzyme-substrate profiling, immunological profiling and vaccine development, among many others The need to detect extremely low-abundance proteins in complex mixtures has provided motivation for the development of sensitive, real-time and multiplexed detection platforms Conventional label-based approaches like fluorescence, chemiluminescence and use of radioactive isotopes have witnessed substantial advancements, with techniques like quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, dye-doped nanoparticles and several bead-based methods now being employed for protein microarray studies In order to overcome the limitations posed by label-based technologies, several label-free approaches like surface plasmon resonance, carbon nanotubes and nanowires, and microcantilevers, among others, have also advanced in recent years, and these methods detect the query molecule itself The scope of this article is to outline the protein microarray techniques that are currently being used for analytical and function-based proteomics and to provide a detailed analysis of the key technological advances and applications of various detection systems that are commonly used with microarrays

Answering table queries on the web using column keywords

Abstract: We present the design of a structured search engine which returns a multi-column table in response to a query consisting of keywords describing each of its columns. We answer such queries by exploiting the millions of tables on the Web because these are much richer sources of structured knowledge than free-format text. However, a corpus of tables harvested from arbitrary HTML web pages presents huge challenges of diversity and redundancy not seen in centrally edited knowledge bases. We concentrate on one concrete task in this paper. Given a set of Web tables T1,..., Tn, and a query Q with q sets of keywords Q1,..., Qq, decide for each Ti if it is relevant to Q and if so, identify the mapping between the columns of Ti and query columns. We represent this task as a graphical model that jointly maps all tables by incorporating diverse sources of clues spanning matches in different parts of the table, corpus-wide co-occurrence statistics, and content overlap across table columns. We define a novel query segmentation model for matching keywords to table columns, and a robust mechanism of exploiting content overlap across table columns. We design efficient inference algorithms based on bipartite matching and constrained graph cuts to solve the joint labeling task. Experiments on a workload of 59 queries over a 25 million web table corpus shows significant boost in accuracy over baseline IR methods.

Effect of CNTs growth on carbon fibers on the tensile strength of CNTs grown carbon fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes and nanofibers were directly grown on carbon fiber substrate by catalytic decomposition of acetylene precursor using thermal chemical vapor deposition process. These carbon nanotubes and nanofibers coated carbon fibers were used as reinforcement in epoxy matrix for the fabrication of unidirectional composites. The morphology of carbon nanomaterials grown on carbon fibers was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). Electron microscopic observations revealed uniform coverage of carbon fibers with carbon nanotubes, nano- fibers and filaments. The composites made of carbon nanotubes coated carbon fibers showed 69% higher tensile strength as compared to composites made of carbon fiber which had undergone similar heat treatment but without carbon nanotubes growth. The results of tensile test revealed that both the high vacuum condition and choice of an appropriate catalyst precursor strongly influence the fiber properties thereby affect the resultant properties of the composites made of these surface modified carbon fibers.

Influence of curing temperature, silica nanoparticles- and cerium on surface morphology and corrosion behaviour of hybrid silane coatings on mild steel

Abstract: This work is aimed at developing and investigating silane based organic–inorganic hybrid coatings possessing unique properties, which can be used to improve the performance of steel structures subjected to marine corrosion. These silane based sol–gel coatings were prepared by dip coating planar samples of mild steel in solution of an organically modified silica sol made from hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) in acid catalysis condition. Crack-free coatings were obtained on curing at 200 °C. On increasing the curing temperature to 400 °C, however, cracks developed in the plain organic–inorganic hybrid coatings. This observation was consistent with the visual observations where appearance of the coated specimen changed from colourless metallic to brownish grey on curing from 200 °C to 400 °C temperature. The coatings were further modified using SiO 2 nanoparticles and cerium. The effect of change in the – temperature as well as – composition on the microstructural properties of the coatings was determined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atom force microscopy. Additionally, Attenuated Total Reflectance–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR/FTIR) was carried out to show the formation of the Si–O–Si structural backbone of the hybrid material with the organic CH 3 group incorporated into the silica network. The corrosion protection performance of these coatings was examined using potentiodynamic polarisation technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in aerated 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The polarization curves and corrosion resistance as measured by the bode plots suggested that the plain hybrid coatings offer good protection against corrosion. However, the SiO 2 and cerium modified nano hybrid coatings exhibited superior performance to that displayed by plain hybrid coatings.