Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

About: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay is a education organization based out in Mumbai, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Thin film. The organization has 16756 authors who have published 33588 publications receiving 570559 citations.

Proteomic technologies for the identification of disease biomarkers in serum: Advances and challenges ahead

Abstract: Serum is an ideal biological sample that contains an archive of information due to the presence of a variety of proteins released by diseased tissue, and serum proteomics has gained considerable interest for the disease biomarker discovery. Easy accessibility and rapid protein changes in response to disease pathogenesis makes serum an attractive sample for clinical research. Despite these advantages, the analysis of serum proteome is very challenging due to the wide dynamic range of proteins, difficulty in finding low-abundance target analytes due to the presence of high-abundance serum proteins, high levels of salts and other interfering compounds, variations among individuals and paucity of reproducibility. Sample preparation introduces pre-analytical variations and poses major challenges to analyze the serum proteome. The label-free detection techniques such as surface plasmon resonance, microcantilever, few nanotechniques and different resonators are rapidly emerging for the analysis of serum proteome and they have exhibited potential to overcome few limitations of the conventional techniques. In this article, we will discuss the current status of serum proteome analysis for the biomarker discovery and address key technological advancements, with a focus on challenges and amenable solutions.

Optimal voltage level for DC microgrids

Abstract: Depleting fossil fuels, increasing energy demand and concern over climate change due to CO 2 emission motivate the use of renewable sources. However, supplying electronics, variable speed drives and LED loads from renewable sources requires multiple ac-dc and dc-ac conversions. This causes substantial energy wastage before end use. To address this limitation, dc system is suggested, which offers high efficiency and reliability with low system cost. In this paper, suitable power electronic interfaces for sources/loads/storage elements are discussed along with their performance requirements. Further, efficiency, cost and safety issues of the dc system with various voltage levels are compared. With suitable case studies, optimal dc voltage level is determined for residential and commercial application. The proposed dc system with this optimum voltage level offers 10–22% improvement in energy efficiency over the conventional ac system.