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Showing papers by "Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur published in 1996"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This correspondence discusses an extension of the well-known phase correlation technique to cover translation, rotation, and scaling, which shows excellent robustness against random noise.
Abstract: This correspondence discusses an extension of the well-known phase correlation technique to cover translation, rotation, and scaling. Fourier scaling properties and Fourier rotational properties are used to find scale and rotational movement. The phase correlation technique determines the translational movement. This method shows excellent robustness against random noise.

1,939 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an asymmetry in Zn 2 p 3 2 photoelectron peaks has been observed for aluminum-doped transparent conducting films, which has been attributed to the presence of excess zinc in the films.

535 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the physical properties of cumin seed were evaluated as a function of moisture content, and the average length, breadth and thickness were 5·61, 1·77 and 1·55 mm respectively.

373 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the implications of the electronegativity equalization principle, the maximum hardness principle, minimum polarizability principle, and the maximum entropy principle in a time dependent situation were studied.
Abstract: To understand the implications of the electronegativity equalization principle, the maximum hardness principle, the minimum polarizability principle, and the maximum entropy principle in a time dependent situation, a charge transfer process from a Be atom to an α-particle is studied within a quantum fluid density functional framework. It is observed that in general a system tries to evolve to a state associated with maximum hardness, maximum entropy, and minimum polarizability values.

328 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the physical properties of karingda seed and kernel as a function of moisture content, and found that the bulk density of seed increased from 487 to 595 kg/m3 and 501 to 646 kg/ m3respectively.

264 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the dependence of the system behavior on its parameters is investigated and the bifurcation phenomena and a mapping of the parameter space have been presented, which is vital for designing practical circuits.
Abstract: The DC-DC buck power converter, a widely used chopper circuit, exhibits subharmonics and chaos if current feedback is used. This paper investigates the dependence of the system behavior on its parameters. The bifurcation phenomena and a mapping of the parameter space have been presented. This knowledge is vital for designing practical circuits.

167 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an inventory model with an inventory-level-dependent demand rate followed by a constant demand rate for items deteriorating at a constant rate was discussed, where the terminal condition of zero inventory at the end of the scheduling period has been relaxed.

152 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A critical review of information on heat transfer between the furnace and enclosing walls of a circulating fluidized-bed boiler is presented in this paper, where empirical correlation based on measurements in large commercial units are proposed for design calculations.

145 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a hypothesis on the mechanics of grinding under cryogenic cooling, which shows substantial reduction in the grinding forces under Cryogenic cooling over range of infeed and dressing procedure for different commonly used steels.
Abstract: Grinding forces are important parameters to judge the performance of any grinding process. Cryogenic cooling in grinding is a new concept to control the high grinding zone temperature without polluting the environment. The paper presents a hypothesis on the mechanics of grinding under cryogenic cooling. Experiments have been carried out to study the effect of cryogenic cooling on grinding forces and to check the validity of the hypothesis. The results indicate substantial reduction in the grinding forces under cryogenic cooling over range of infeed and dressing procedure for different commonly used steels.

96 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a generalized finite element formulation for active vibration control of a laminated plate integrated with piezoelectric polymer layers acting as distributed sensors and actuators is presented.
Abstract: A generalized finite element formulation for active vibration control of a laminated plate integrated with piezoelectric polymer layers acting as distributed sensors and actuators is presented. An eight-noded two-dimensional quadratic quadrilateral isoparametric element is derived for modeling the global coupled electroelastic behavior of the overall structure using higher-order shear deformable displacement theory. The procedure is illustrated with a simply supported plate in which the substrate is a symmetric (0/90/0 deg) graphite-epoxy laminate, and the sensor and actuator layers are made of polyvinylidene fluoride. Results show that significant reduction in vibration amplitude occurs because of increased damping through feedback.

90 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the NiAl and Ni 3 Al phases were synthesized by mechanical alloying of elemental blends in a planetary mill, and two different modes of alloying were identified.
Abstract: Nanocrystalline Al 3 Ni, NiAl and Ni 3 Al phases in the Ni Al system and the α, β, γ and e phases in the Cu Zn system were synthesized by mechanical alloying of elemental blends in a planetary mill. In the as-milled state, Al 3 Ni and AlNi were always ordered, while Ni 3 Al was disordered. MA results in a large extension of the NiAl and Ni 3 Al phase fields particularly towards Al-rich compositions. The crystallite size was finest ( ∼ 6 nm) when NiAl and Ni 3 Al phases coexist after prolonged milling. In contrast, in all Cu Zn blends containing 15–85 at.% Zn, the Zn-rich phases were first to form and final crystallite sizes were coarser (15–80 nm). Two different modes of alloying have been identified. In the case of NiAl and Al 3 Ni, where the ball milled product is ordered and the heat of formation is large ( ΔH f > 120 kJ mol −1 ), a rapid discontinuous mode of alloying accompanied with an additive increase in crystallite size is detected. In all other cases irrespective of the magnitude of ΔH f , gradual diffusive mode of intermixing during milling seems to be the underlying mechanism of alloying.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a finite element analysis for the free vibration behavior of doubly curved shells is presented in which eight-noded curved quadrilateral isoparametric finite elements are used.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1996-Wear
TL;DR: In this article, the surface temperature is seen to increase monotonically with roughness, and the existence of two levels of contact temperature rise, as reported by other authors, is also observed in the thermal images.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a GA is presented for obtaining good quality solutions for assembly line balancing problems, and a modified GA working with two populations, one of which allows infeasible solutions, and exchange of specimens at regular intervals is proposed for handling irregular search spaces.
Abstract: Assembly line balancing is a very important aspect in any mass production setup. However, finding the optimal balance is a very difficult proposition because of the computational complexity involved. Hence sub-optimal solutions are preferred over optimal solutions. In this work, a genetic algorithm (GA) is presented for obtaining good quality solutions for assembly line balancing problems. A major feature of GA is the ability to take care of a variety of objective functions. A modified GA working with two populations, one of which allows infeasible solutions, and exchange of specimens at regular intervals is proposed for handling irregular search spaces. The experimental results obtained with a single population, as well as two populations are encouraging.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a modified VERL-process employing high pressure magnetron sputtering has been used for the preparation of suspensions with metal nanoparticles, and a descriptive model for the process of particle formation as a function of sputtering gas pressure is given.
Abstract: A modified VERL-process ( V acuum e vaporation on r unning l iquids) employing high pressure magnetron sputtering has been used for the preparation of suspensions with metal nanoparticles. The method has been tested for Ag- and Fe-suspensions by varying the pressure of the Argon sputtering atmosphere in the range of 1 to 30 Pa. A narrow particle size distribution with a mean particle size ranging from 5–18 nm has been found. The mean particle size increases with increasing Argon pressure in the pressure range under investigation. A descriptive model for the process of particle formation as a function of sputtering gas pressure is given.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Owing to the inherent imprecision in the gray values, fuzzy statistics have been observed to behave better in representing the spatial gray distribution in a digital image.
Abstract: The notion of first- and second-order fuzzy statistics of digital images is presented. Owing to the inherent imprecision in the gray values, fuzzy statistics have been observed to behave better in representing the spatial gray distribution in a digital image.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The system developed demonstrates the possibility of successful tool wear monitoring on-line and uses the back propagation algorithm for training the neural network of 5-3-1 structure.
Abstract: Recent trends, being towards mostly unmanned automated machining systems and consistent system operations, need reliable on-line monitoring processes. A proper on-line cutting tool condition monitoring system is essential for deciding when to change the tool. Many methods have been attempted in this connection. Recently, artificial neural networks have been tried for this purpose because of its inherent simplicity and reasonably quick data-processing capability. The present work uses the back propagation algorithm for training the neural network of 5-3-1 structure. The technique shows close matching of estimation of average flank wear and directly measured wear value. Thus the system developed demonstrates the possibility of successful tool wear monitoring on-line.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of cryogenic cooling on grinding zone temperature for five commonly used steels both experimentally and computationally was investigated. And the results indicated that the effectiveness of the cooling is substantial throughout the experimental domain.
Abstract: Grinding processes, though employed widely as a finishing process, have their own share of problems, like high grinding zone temperature which may lead to thermal damage to the work surface, like induction of tensile residual stresses, development of microcracks, enhanced risks of wheel loading and excessive wheel wear. Grinding fluids are applied in different forms to control such high temperature, but they are partially effective within a narrow working range; recent studies also indicate their polluting nature. cryogenic cooling, if employed properly, could control the grinding zone temperature more effectively by intensive removal of heat from the grinding zone. The present study deals with the effect of cryogenic cooling on grinding zone temperature for five commonly used steels both experimentally and computationally. Results indicate that the effectiveness of cryogenic cooling is substantial throughout the experimental domain.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a numerical scheme using finite element technique to calculate the displacement of liquid and pressure developed due to such sloshing, and extended the scheme to study the coupled effect of slohing and container wall movement due to change in the liquid pressure.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A recursive method is developed to obtain the steady state probability distribution of the number of down machines at arbitrary time epoch of a machine interference problem with spares.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1996-Polymer
TL;DR: In this article, the interaction of carbon black with nitrile rubber and carboxylated nitric oxide rubber (XNBR) was studied by measurements of bound rubber, physical and dynamic mechanical properties of the vulcanizates and rheometric studies on the rubber mixes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the higher-order shear deformation theory and the conventional first-order theory were employed to study the bending, free vibration and impact behavior of laminated composite plates.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a quantum analogue of the transition from regular to chaotic motion in the Henon-Heiles oscillator has been studied using the quantum theory of motion, in the spirit of the de Broglie-Bohm causal interpretation of quantum mechanics.

Journal ArticleDOI
26 Jun 1996-Langmuir
TL;DR: In this paper, a simplified pseudophase ion exchange model has been used for quantitative interpretation of the change in apparent pK a values of the dyes with change in the bulk ionic strength.
Abstract: Spectroscopic properties and acid-base equilibrium of hydroxyanthraquinone dyes have been studied in nonionic, cationic, and anionic micellar media as well as in other solvents, and it has been shown that the relative position of dye in micelle depends on the polarity of dye and nature of micelle. The shift of pK a value in nonionic micelle, pK i a , compared to that in water, pK a w , has been explained considering the shift of the relative position of the dye during deprotonation, associated with medium effect. Surface potentials, ψ, for charged micelles at different bulk ionic strengths are calculated for different dyes, and it is noted that the influence of the bulk ionic strength on acid -base equilibrium of charged micelle bound dye depends on the relative position of the dye in the micelles. A simplified form of the pseudophase ion exchange model has been found suitable for quantitative interpretation of the change in apparent pK a values of the dyes with the change in the bulk ionic strength. This model has been utilized to calculate the intrinsic micellar pK a , pK a m , for different dyes. Comparison of these pK a m values with pK a i gives an idea about the average polarity of location of the dyes in micelles.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal and thermo-oxidative decomposition characteristics of Natural Rubber (NR) vulcanizates modified with Phosphorylated Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (PCNSL) have been studied by TGA, DSC, and DTA.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an attempt has been made to optimize the production of enzyme tannase by solid state fermentation (SSF) using the organism Rhizopus oryzae using the best favourable conditions for enzyme production include initial pH 5 with 4 days of incubation period at 40°C and 72% humidity, and 10 g wheat bran soaked in 2.5% tannic acid.
Abstract: An attempt has been made to optimize the production of enzyme tannase by solid state fermentation (SSF) using the organism Rhizopus oryzae. The best favourable conditions for enzyme production include initial pH 5 with 4 days of incubation period at 40°C and 72% humidity, and 10 g wheat bran soaked in 2.5% tannic acid.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, detailed structural investigations in several key sectors and reconnaissance over a large terrane cast doubt on several aspects of the accepted tectonic model, including the assumption that transport has a large strike-slip component, with a dextral displacement of as high as 70 km.
Abstract: The Moyar, Bhavani and Palghat-Cauvery shear zones have figured prominently in tectonic and metamorphic syntheses in the southern Indian Precambrian shield. Implicit in these studies is the assumption that in the Moyar shear zone in particular, transport has a large strike-slip component, with a dextral displacement of as high as 70 km. Detailed structural investigations in several key sectors and reconnaissance over a large terrane cast doubt on several aspects of the accepted tectonic model. Both the Moyar and the Bhavani shear zones are steeply-dipping thrusts, with the Moyar shear in particular characterized by a predominantly dip-slip transport. Such a movement on a subvertical plane striking EW could in no way rotate the northerly ‘trends’ to EW ones as believed by many worker. Further, the Moyar and Bhavani shear zones are neither as extensive nor as pervasive as envisaged. Veering of the ‘trends’ in southern Karnataka, northern Tamil Nadu and northern Kerala is an inherent feature of the superposed fold systems here. Isoclinal folds with axial planes of diverse attitudes, overprinted by upright folds of varying tightness, have resulted in this change in ‘trend’.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the hole effective masses parallel and perpendicular to the layer plane were determined to be 0.46 m0 and 0.995 m0, respectively for GaTe and InTe, respectively.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an enthalpy-porosity fixed-grid method has been applied to the melting and solidification of pure metals in a rectangular cavity, where flow structures and isotherms are compared with literature information based on multidomain analysis.
Abstract: An enthalpy-porosity fixed-grid method has been applied to the melting and solidification of pure metals in a rectangular cavity. Flow structures and isotherms are compared with literature information based on multidomain analysis. During solidification, recirculation cells are observed to vanish with time, whereas the multidomain method predicted their enlargement. The cell near the interface significantly affects the local solidification rate at the cavity top. Results of the present study agree well with the experimental data in the literature. The effect of neglecting the viscous diffusion term for a phase change problem involving low Prandtl number liquid metals is also studied. The maximum value of the stream function is higher by 10% and the melt volume by 5%, in the absence of viscous effects.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1996-Polymer
TL;DR: In this article, the residual concentration of carbonyl groups due to oxidation and incorporation of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) into the crosslinked EVA was determined from i.r.s.