Indonesian Institute of Sciences

About: Indonesian Institute of Sciences is a facility organization based out in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genus. The organization has 4795 authors who have published 10544 publications receiving 76990 citations. The organization is also known as: Indonesian Institute of Sciences Cibinong, Indonesia.

Evaluation of extract of Ipomoea batatas leaves as a green coagulant–flocculant for turbid water treatment: Parametric modelling and optimization using response surface methodology and artificial neural networks

Abstract: Wastewater produced from many industrial processes is characterized by high levels of turbidity which is usually an indication of the level of pollution. Coagulation coupled with flocculation has been reported to be one of the efficient ways of treating turbid wastewater. Thus, this work evaluated the potential use of Ipomoea batatas leaves extract as a green and novel coagulating and flocculating agent for treating turbid water. The process was modelled and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks coupled with genetic algorithm (ANN-GA). The FTIR results showed that the coagulant–flocculant contained beneficial functional groups which facilitated turbidity removal. The FESEM results indicated a porous matrix while the EDS results showed that carbon (61.2%) and oxygen (29.7%) were the main components with some lesser amounts of potassium (4.7%), phosphorus (2%) and aluminium (1.4%) which had a synergistic effect on the process. Although RSM and ANN modelled the treatment process with relatively high accuracy, the ANN model was however found to perform better than RSM as seen in the better statistical metrics. The ANN model predicted a maximum turbidity removal of 96% with a corresponding initial turbidity, coagulant dosage, rapid mixing time, rapid mixing speed, slow mixing time and slow mixing speed values of 250 NTU, 10 g/L, 2 min, 150 rpm, 10 min and 70 rpm, respectively. Thus, based on these findings, Ipomoea batatas leaves extract could serve as a replacement for the conventional chemical coagulants currently in the market.

Recent Advances on Luminescent Enhancement-Based Porous Silicon Biosensors

Abstract: Luminescence–based detection paradigms have key advantages over other optical platforms such as absorbance, reflectance or interferometric based detection. However, autofluorescence, low quantum yield and lack of photostability of the fluorophore or emitting molecule are still performance-limiting factors. Recent research has shown the need for enhanced luminescence-based detection to overcome these drawbacks while at the same time improving the sensitivity, selectivity and reducing the detection limits of optical sensors and biosensors. Nanostructures have been reported to significantly improve the spectral properties of the emitting molecules. These structures offer unique electrical, optic and magnetic properties which may be used to tailor the surrounding electrical field of the emitter. Here, the main principles behind luminescence and luminescence enhancement-based detections are reviewed, with an emphasis on europium complexes as the emitting molecule. An overview of the optical porous silicon microcavity (pSiMC) as a biosensing platform and recent proof-of-concept examples on enhanced luminescence-based detection using pSiMCs are provided and discussed.

Energy dependence of forward-rapidity J/$\psi$ and $\psi(2S)$ production in pp collisions at the LHC

Abstract: We present results on transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) and rapidity ($y$) differential production cross sections, mean transverse momentum and mean transverse momentum square of inclusive J/$\psi$ and $\psi(2S)$ at forward rapidity ($2.5 15$ GeV/$c$ the non-prompt contribution reaches up to 50% of the total charmonium yield.

Geoelectric potential difference monitoring in southern Sumatra, Indonesia — Co-seismic change—

Abstract: Five geoelectric potential difference (electric field, here after) monitoring stations have been in operation since September 1997 in anarea near Liwa town, southern Sumatra, Indonesia, to examine the relationship between electric field changes and earthquakes Short-term electric field variations were found to correspond mainly to geomagnetic activity, while long-term variation was mostly gradual shift and was clearly correlated neither precipitation nor ground water level variations Co-seismic electric field changes ranging between 1 and 8 mV were observed for five mb > 5 earthquakes at multiple stations during September ∼ December 1997 The epicenters of the earthquakes were in the Indian Ocean within about 170 km from the monitoring sites

Molecular genetic evidence for the place of origin of the Pacific rat, Rattus exulans.

Abstract: Commensal plants and animals have long been used to track human migrations, with Rattus exulans (the Pacific rat) a common organism for reconstructing Polynesian dispersal in the Pacific. However, with no knowledge of the homeland of R. exulans, the place of origin of this human-commensal relationship is unknown. We conducted a mitochondrial DNA phylogeographic survey of R. exulans diversity across the potential natural range in mainland and Island Southeast Asia in order to establish the origin of this human-commensal dyad. We also conducted allozyme electrophoresis on samples from ISEA to obtain a perspective on patterns of genetic diversity in this critical region. Finally, we compared molecular genetic evidence with knowledge of prehistoric rodent faunas in mainland and ISEA. We find that ISEA populations of R. exulans contain the highest mtDNA lineage diversity including significant haplotype diversity not represented elsewhere in the species range. Within ISEA, the island of Flores in the Lesser Sunda group contains the highest diversity in ISEA (across all loci) and also has a deep fossil record of small mammals that appears to include R. exulans. Therefore, in addition to Flores harboring unusual diversity in the form of Homo floresiensis, dwarfed stegodons and giant rats, this island appears to be the homeland of R. exulans.