Indonesian Institute of Sciences

About: Indonesian Institute of Sciences is a facility organization based out in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genus. The organization has 4795 authors who have published 10544 publications receiving 76990 citations. The organization is also known as: Indonesian Institute of Sciences Cibinong, Indonesia.

Genetic differentiation of Ganaspis brasiliensis (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) from East and Southeast Asia

Abstract: Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae) is a Drosophila parasitoid that has often been misidentified as G. xanthopoda (Ashmead) in recent studies. This study aims to clarify genetic differentiation of G. brasiliensis based on the nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene and three nuclear DNA regions, the inter-transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2) and putative 60S ribosomal protein L37 (RpL37), as well as crossing experiments. Four lineages are recognized in individuals assigned as G. basiliensis by morphology, (1) individuals occurring in Japan and probably South Korea, (2) individuals from a small subtropical island of Japan, Iriomote-jima, (3) individuals from temperate lowlands of Japan and high altitude areas of Southeast Asia, and (4) individuals occurring widely in Asia, America, Hawaii and Africa. The first lineage is a specialist of Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), a pest of fresh fruit, and also the fourth lineage has a capacity to parasitize this pest species. The first, third and fourth lineages occur sympatrically at least in Tokyo. The third and fourth lineages differed in mate choice and host use to some extent, but post-mating isolation between them was almost absent.

α-Glucosidase inhibitor compounds from Aspergillus terreus RCC1 and their antioxidant activity

Abstract: As part of the search for naturally derived α-glucosidase inhibitors, the chemical components isolated from Aspergillus terreus RCC1 were evaluated. Three butenolides compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as isoaspulvinone E (1), aspulvinone E (2), and butyrolactone I (3). Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited high activity on α-glucosidase inhibitory with IC50 values of 8.92 and 2.70 μM, respectively, lower than quercetin (IC50 = 10.92 μM). However, these compounds exhibited moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 167.82 and 114.86 μM, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of both the α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of aspulvinone compounds. In particular, both the aspulvinone compounds could be employed as a lead compound for a new potential antidiabetic derived from terrestrial fungi.

Preparation and characterization of mesoporous titania–alumina ceramic by modified sol–gel method

Abstract: Mesoporous titania–alumina ceramics are interesting as catalysts and catalyst supports. Monolithic wet-gels of 0.2TiO2–0.8Al2O3, prepared by hydrolysis of metal alkoxides in alcoholic solutions, were dried at 90 °C (xerogel), immersed into a surfactant solution before drying (surfactant-modified gel), or the solvent in wet gels was supercritically extracted in one step from CO2 at 60 °C and 24 Mpa for 2 h (aerogel). Thermal evolution of the microstructure of the gels was evaluated by thermal analyses (TG-DTA), N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. After calcination at 500 °C, the specific surface area of the gels was >400 m2 g−1. The average pore radius for the supercritically extracted titania–alumina gel, about 8 nm (∼50% of that for alumina aerogels), was 2–4 times larger than that of the surfactant-modified gels and of the xerogel. The specific surface area of the surfactant-modified gels and of the supercritically extracted gels was more than 150 m2 g−1 after calcination at 800 °C. The pore size and pore volume of these gels minimally decreased after calcination at 800 °C, while those values of the xerogel markedly decreased. The thermal stability of the microstructure of mesoporous titania–alumina is improved by surfactant immersion or supercritical extraction.