Indonesian Institute of Sciences

About: Indonesian Institute of Sciences is a facility organization based out in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genus. The organization has 4795 authors who have published 10544 publications receiving 76990 citations. The organization is also known as: Indonesian Institute of Sciences Cibinong, Indonesia.

Scenarios for vulnerability: opportunities and constraints in the context of climate change and disaster risk

Abstract: Most scientific assessments for climate change adaptation and risk reduction are based on scenarios for climatic change. Scenarios for socio-economic development, particularly in terms of vulnerability and adaptive capacity, are largely lacking. This paper focuses on the utility of socio-economic scenarios for vulnerability, risk and adaptation research. The paper introduces the goals and functions of scenarios in general and reflects on the current global debate around shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs). It examines the options and constraints of scenario methods for risk and vulnerability assessments in the context of climate change and natural hazards. Two case studies are used to contrast the opportunities and current constraints in scenario methods at different scales: the global WorldRiskIndex, based on quantitative data and indicators; and a local participatory scenario development process in Jakarta, showing a qualitative approach. The juxtaposition of a quantitative approach with global data and a qualitative-participatory local approach provides new insights on how different methods and scenario techniques can be applied in vulnerability and risk research.

El Niño during the Last Interglacial Period recorded by a fossil coral from Indonesia

Abstract: Measurements of oxygen isotopes and elemental ratios in a fossil coral that grew 124,000 years ago in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, reflect interannual variability in precipitation and sea surface temperature (SST) due to the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This indicates that ENSO was robust during the last interglacial period, a time when global climate was slightly warmer than the present. The pattern of ENSO frequency behavior in the past is similar to variability in modern instrumental records, but distinct from the most recent period since the mid-1970s, supporting the hypothesis that ENSO behavior in recent decades is anomalous with respect to natural variability.

Identification of acetic acid bacteria isolated from Indonesian sources, especially of isolates classified in the genus Gluconobacter.

Abstract: Sixty-four strains of acetic acid bacteria were isolated from Indonesian sources such as fruits, flowers, and fermented foods by the enrichment culture at pH 3.5. Forty-five strains were routinely identified as Acetobacter strains because of their oxidation of acetate and lactate to carbon dioxide and water and their Q-9 isoprenolog, corresponding to 70% of all the 64 acetic acid bacteria isolated. Eight isolates were identified as Gluconacetobacter strains because of their oxidation of acetate and lactate and their Q-10 isoprenolog, occupying 13% of all the isolates. The remaining 11 isolates, accommodated in the genus Gluconobacter because of no oxidation of acetate and lactate and because of their Q-10 isoprenolog, accounted for 17% of all the isolates. They were divided into two groups based on DNA base compositions. One comprised the seven isolates, which had high G+C contents of DNA ranging from 60.3 to 63.5 mol% and of which DNAs hybridized with that of the type strain of Gluconobacter oxydans at values of 64–94% of DNA relatedness. The other comprised the remaining four isolates, which had low G+C contents of DNA ranging from 57.5 to 57.7 mol% and of which DNAs hybridized with that of the type strain of Gluconobacter frateurii at values of 63–77% of DNA relatedness. The high values of DNA relatedness, 84 to 96%, were obtained between the type strains of Gluconobacter cerinus and Gluconobacter asaii.