Indonesian Institute of Sciences

About: Indonesian Institute of Sciences is a facility organization based out in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genus. The organization has 4795 authors who have published 10544 publications receiving 76990 citations. The organization is also known as: Indonesian Institute of Sciences Cibinong, Indonesia.

COVID-19 and ASEAN responses: Comparative policy analysis

Abstract: Scholars and policy-makers agree that cross-border and multi-sector cooperation are essential components of coordinated efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19 infections. This paper examines the responses of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nation) member countries to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the limits of regional cooperation. ASEAN has pre-existing cooperative frameworks in place, including regional health security measures, which, at least theoretically, could assist the region's efforts to formulate cooperative responses to containing a global pandemic. With its overarching “One Vision, One Identity, One Community”, ASEAN cooperation has extended to include region-wide disaster responses, framed as “One Asean, One Response”. Using content analysis, this paper examines media statements and policies from ASEAN member states and the ASEAN Secretariat to assess the collective response to COVID-19 during the period from January to August 2020. By identifying gaps and opportunities in government responses to COVID-19 as the virus spread throughout Southeast Asia, this paper provides new insights as well as recommendations for the future.

Immobilization of cellulase from newly isolated strain Bacillus subtilis TD6 using calcium alginate as a support material

Abstract: Bacillus subtilis TD6 was isolated from Takifugu rubripes, also known as puffer fish. Cellulase from this strain was partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation up to 80% saturation, entrapped in calcium alginate beads, and finally characterized using CMC as the substrate. For optimization, various parameters were observed, including pH maximum, temperature maximum, sodium alginate, and calcium chloride concentration. pH maximum of the enzyme showed no changes before and after immobilization and remained stable at 6.0. The temperature maximum showed a slight increase to 60 °C. Two percent sodium alginate and a 0.15 M calcium chloride solution were the optimum conditions for acquisition of enzyme with greater stability. Km and Vmax values for the immobilized enzyme were slightly increased, compared with those of free enzyme, 2.9 mg/ml and 32.1 μmol/min/mL, respectively. As the purpose of immobilization, reusability and storage stability of the enzyme were also observed. Immobilized enzyme retained its activity for a longer period of time and can be reused up to four times. The storage stability of entrapped cellulase at 4 °C was found to be up to 12 days, while at 30 °C, the enzyme lost its activity within 3 days.