INESC-ID

About: INESC-ID is a nonprofit organization based out in Lisbon, Portugal. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Context (language use). The organization has 932 authors who have published 2618 publications receiving 37658 citations.

On Reducing Maximum Independent Set to Minimum Satisfiability

Abstract: Maximum Independent Set (MIS) is a well-known NP-hard graph problem, tightly related with other well known NP-hard graph problems, namely Minimum Vertex Cover (MVC) and Maximum Clique (MaxClq). This paper introduces a novel reduction of MIS into Minimum Satisfiability (MinSAT), thus, providing an alternative approach for solving MIS. The reduction naturally maps the vertices of a graph into clauses, without requiring the inclusion of hard clauses. Moreover, it is shown that the proposed reduction uses fewer variables and clauses than the existing alternative of mapping MIS into Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT). The paper develops a number of optimizations to the basic reduction, which significantly reduce the total number of variables used. The experimental evaluation considered the reductions described in the paper as well as existing state-of-the-art approaches. The results show that the proposed approaches based on MinSAT are competitive with existing approaches.

“I Choose... YOU!” Membership preferences in human–robot teams

Abstract: Although groups of robots are expected to interact with groups of humans in the near future, research related to teams of humans and robots is still scarce. This paper contributes to the study of human–robot teams by describing the development of two autonomous robotic partners and by investigating how humans choose robots to partner with in a multi-party game context. Our work concerns the successful development of two autonomous robots that are able to interact with a group of two humans in the execution of a task for social and entertainment purposes. The creation of these two characters was motivated by psychological research on learning goal theory, according to which we interpret and approach a given task differently depending on our learning goal. Thus, we developed two robotic characters implemented in two robots: Emys (a competitive robot, based on characteristics related to performance-orientation goals) and Glin (a relationship-driven robot, based on characteristics related to learning-orientation goals). In our study, a group of four (two humans and two autonomous robots) engaged in a card game for social and entertainment purposes. Our study yields several important conclusions regarding groups of humans and robots. (1) When a partner is chosen without previous partnering experience, people tend to prefer robots with relationship-driven characteristics as their partners compared with competitive robots. (2) After some partnering experience has been gained, the choice becomes less clear, and additional driving factors emerge as follows: (2a) participants with higher levels of competitiveness (personal characteristics) tend to prefer Emys, whereas those with lower levels prefer Glin, and (2b) the choice of which robot to partner with also depends on team performance, with the winning team being the preferred choice.

Real-time multimedia monitoring in large-scale wireless multimedia sensor networks: Research challenges

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have enjoyed dramatic developments over the last decade. The availability of CMOS cameras and microphones enlarged the scope of WSNs paving the way to the development of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSN). Among the envisaged WMSN applications, Real-time Multimedia Monitoring constitutes one of the most promising. However, the resource requirements of these applications place difficult challenges in terms of network lifetime and scalability. This paper starts by identifying the main characteristics and requirements of Real-time Multimedia Monitoring applications and then highlights key research directions that may help to overcome those challenges.

CMS-Based Web-Application Development Using Model-Driven Languages

Abstract: Content Management Systems (CMS) are typically regarded as critical software platforms for the success of organizational web sites and intranets. Although most current CMS systems allow their extension through the addition of modules/components, these are usually built using the typical source-code-oriented software development process, which is slow and error-prone. On the other hand, a MDE-oriented development process is centered on models, which represent the system and are used to automatically generate all corresponding artifacts, such as source-code and documentation. This paper describes our proposal for a MDE approach to address the development of web-applications based on CMS systems. This approach is based on the creation of two CMS-oriented languages (situated at different levels of abstraction, and are used to both quickly model a web-application and provide a common ground for the creation of additional CMS-oriented languages), and a mechanism for the processing of models specified using those languages. Those models are then to be deployed to a target CMS platform by means of code generation or model interpretation/execution mechanisms.