Institution
Institute for the Study of Labor
Nonprofit•Bonn, Germany•
About: Institute for the Study of Labor is a nonprofit organization based out in Bonn, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Wage & Unemployment. The organization has 2039 authors who have published 13475 publications receiving 439376 citations.
Topics: Wage, Unemployment, Earnings, Population, Human capital
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors construct an endogenous growth model that includes a cultural variable along the dimension of individualism-collectivism, which predicts that more individualism leads to more innovation because of the social rewards associated with innovation in an individualist culture.
Abstract: We construct an endogenous growth model that includes a cultural variable along the dimension of individualism-collectivism. The model predicts that more individualism leads to more innovation because of the social rewards associated with innovation in an individualist culture. This cultural effect may offset the negative effects of bad institutions on growth. Collectivism leads to efficiency gains relative to individualism, but these gains are static, unlike the dynamic effect of individualism on growth through innovation. Using genetic data as instruments for culture we provide strong evidence of a causal effect of individualism on income per worker and total factor productivity as well as on innovation. The baseline genetic markers we use are interpreted as proxies for cultural transmission but others have a direct effect on individualism and collectivism, in line with recent advances in biology and neuro-science. The effect of culture on long-run growth remains very robust even after controlling for the effect of institutions and other factors. We also provide evidence of a two-way causal effect between culture and institutions.
159 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a labour market profile of non-Irish immigrants who arrived in Ireland in the ten years to 2003 to estimate the impact of immigration (non-Irish) on the Irish labour market.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is two-fold. We firstly produce a labour market profile of non-Irish immigrants who arrived in Ireland in the ten years to 2003. We then go on to use the labour market profile in estimating the impact of immigration (non-Irish) on the Irish labour market. Immigrants are shown to be a highly educated group. However, they are not all employed in occupations that fully reflect their education levels. The model of the labour market that we use to simulate the impact of immigration differentiates between low-skilled and high-skilled labour. This allows us to estimate the impact of immigrants (a) if they were employed at a level fitting their education and (b) if they were employed in occupations below their educational level. Our results show that under scenario (a) immigrants who arrived between 1993 and 2003 increased GNP by between 3.5 and 3.7%, largely by lowering skilled wages by around 6% and increasing Ireland's competitiveness. Under scenario (b), the increase in GNP is reduced to 3% because the impact on skilled wages is lower. If we assume the immigration is primarily unskilled, the impact on earnings inequality is reversed.
159 citations
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TL;DR: It is found that when first movers know the true probability of second-mover cooperation, subjects' own second moves still have predictive power regarding their first moves, suggesting that the direct channel also plays a role.
Abstract: Within-subject data from sequential social dilemma experiments reveal a correlation of first-and second-mover decisions for which two channels may be responsible, that our experiment allows to separate: i) a direct, preference-based channel that influences both first- and second-mover decisions; ii) an indirect channel, where second-mover decisions influence beliefs via a consensus effect, and the first-mover decision is a best response to these beliefs. We find strong evidence for the indirect channel: beliefs about second-mover cooperation are biased toward own second-mover behavior, and most subjects best respond to stated beliefs. But when first movers know the true probability of second-mover cooperation, subjects' own second moves still have predictive power regarding their first moves, suggesting that the direct channel also plays a role.
159 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, Monte Carlo simulations are used to demonstrate that regression-discontinuity designs arrive at biased estimates when attributes related to outcomes predict heaping in the running variable.
Abstract: This study uses Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate that regression-discontinuity designs arrive at biased estimates when attributes related to outcomes predict heaping in the running variable. After showing that our usual diagnostics may not be well suited to identifying this type of problem, we provide alternatives, and then discuss the usefulness of different approaches to addressing the bias. We then consider these issues in multiple non-simulated environments. (JEL C21, C14, I12)
159 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an econometric analysis of variations in teacher and student absenteeism across the over 700 school districts in New York State in 1986-87 and of how such variations influence student test score performance is presented.
Abstract: In an effort to reduce salary costs, many school districts have begun to offer teachers financial incentives to retire early Often, however, these districts have limits on the number of cumulated unused sick leave days that teachers may receive cash payments, credits toward future health insurance, or retirement credits for, at retirement Thus, one might expect that in addition to stimulating early retirement, early retirement incentive programs may interact with sick leave provisions and provide an unintended incentive for increased teacher absenteeism To the extent that less learning occurs when regular teachers are absent and student motivation to attend school is also reduced, student academic performance may suffer This surely would be an unintended side effect of these policies To address these issues, this paper, which is based on an extensive data collection effort by the authors, presents an econometric analyses of variations in teacher and student absenteeism across the over 700 school districts in New York State in 1986-87 and of how such variations influence student test score performance
158 citations
Authors
Showing all 2136 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Michael Marmot | 193 | 1147 | 170338 |
James J. Heckman | 175 | 766 | 156816 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
Jean Tirole | 134 | 439 | 103279 |
Ernst Fehr | 131 | 486 | 108454 |
Matthew Jones | 125 | 1161 | 96909 |
Alan B. Krueger | 117 | 402 | 75442 |
Eric A. Hanushek | 109 | 449 | 59705 |
David Card | 107 | 433 | 55797 |
M. Hashem Pesaran | 102 | 361 | 88826 |
Richard B. Freeman | 100 | 860 | 46932 |
Richard Blundell | 93 | 487 | 61730 |
John Haltiwanger | 91 | 393 | 38803 |
John A. List | 91 | 583 | 36962 |
Joshua D. Angrist | 89 | 304 | 59505 |