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Institution

International Agency for Research on Cancer

GovernmentLyon, France
About: International Agency for Research on Cancer is a government organization based out in Lyon, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 2989 authors who have published 9010 publications receiving 929752 citations. The organization is also known as: IARC.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Alternative tests for cervical cancer screening, including liquid‐based cytology, testing for infection with oncogenic types of human papillomaviruses, visual inspection with 3–5% acetic acid, magnified visual inspection, and visual inspectionwith Lugol's iodine have been evaluated as alternative tests.

312 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Exposure to herbicides contaminated with TCDD and higher chlorinated dioxins may be associated with a small increase in overall cancer risk and in risk for specific cancers.
Abstract: The authors examined cancer mortality in a historical cohort study of 21,863 male and female workers in 36 cohorts exposed to phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, and dioxins in 12 countries. Subjects in this updated and expanded multinational study coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer were followed from 1939 to 1992. Exposure was reconstructed using job records, company exposure questionnaires, and serum and adipose tissue dioxin levels. Among workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides contaminated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or higher chlorinated dioxins, mortality from soft-tissue sarcoma (6 deaths; standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75-4.43) was higher than expected from national mortality rates. Mortality from all malignant neoplasms (710 deaths; SMR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.04-1.21), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (24 deaths; SMR = 1.39, 95% CI 0.89-2.06), and lung cancer (225 deaths; SMR = 1.12, 95% CI 0.98-1.28) was slightly elevated. Risks for all neoplasms, for sarcomas, and for lymphomas increased with time since first exposure. In workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides with minimal or no contamination by TCDD and higher chlorinated dioxins, mortality from all neoplasms (398 deaths; SMR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.87-1.06), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (9 deaths; SMR = 1.00), and lung cancer (148 deaths; SMR = 1.03) was similar to that expected, and mortality from soft-tissue sarcoma was slightly elevated (2 deaths; SMR = 1.35). In a Poisson regression analysis, workers exposed to TCDD or higher chlorinated dioxins had an increased risk for all neoplasms (rate ratio = 1.29, 95% CI 0.94-1.76) compared with workers from the same cohort exposed to phenoxy herbicides and chlorophenols but with minimal or no exposure to TCDD and higher chlorinated dioxins. These findings indicate that exposure to herbicides contaminated with TCDD and higher chlorinated dioxins may be associated with a small increase in overall cancer risk and in risk for specific cancers.

312 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Leptin may be directly involved in colon tumorigenesis or it may serve as a sensitive and robust marker of an obesity‐induced adverse endocrine environment and provide a link between obesity and colon cancer.
Abstract: Obesity, a risk factor for colorectal cancer, is associated with elevated serum levels of leptin, the adipocyte-derived hormone, and insulin. Experimental and epidemiologic studies have indicated a role for insulin in the pathogenesis of colon cancer, and recent experimental studies have suggested a similar role for leptin. In a case-control study nested in the Janus Biobank, Norway, we measured serum levels of leptin and C-peptide (a marker of pancreatic insulin secretion) in cryopreserved prediagnostic sera from men (median age, 45 years) who were diagnosed with cancer of the colon (n = 235) or rectum (n = 143) after blood collection (median time, 17 years), and among 378 controls matched for age and date of blood collection. Conditional logistic regression analyses showed an approximately 3-fold increase in colon cancer risk with increasing concentrations of leptin up to an odds ratio (OR) of 2.72 (95% CI = 1.44-5.12) for top vs. bottom quartile (p(trend) = 0.008). The corresponding OR for C-peptide was 1.81 (95% CI = 0.67-4.86; p(trend) = 0.19). The risk estimates remained unchanged after mutual adjustment. No association of hormone levels with rectal cancer risk was found. Reproducibility of hormone measurements assessed by intraclass coefficients (ICCs) for paired samples taken 1 year apart was high for leptin (ICC = 0.82) but lower for C-peptide (ICC = 0.30). Our results suggest that leptin is a risk factor for colon cancer, and that leptin may provide a link between obesity and colon cancer. Leptin may be directly involved in colon tumorigenesis or it may serve as a sensitive and robust marker of an obesity-induced adverse endocrine environment. Only weak support for an association of insulin with colon cancer was found.

311 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although the authors' estimates are based on simplified assumptions, the burden of alcohol‐associated cancer appears to be substantial and needs to be considered when making public health recommendations on alcohol drinking.
Abstract: We estimated the number of cancer cases and deaths attributable to alcohol drinking in 2002 by sex and WHO subregion, based on relative risks of cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, liver, colon, rectum, larynx and female breast obtained from recent meta- and pooled analyses and data on prevalence of drinkers obtained from the WHO Global Burden of Disease project. A total of 389,100 cases of cancer are attributable to alcohol drinking worldwide, representing 3.6% of all cancers (5.2% in men, 1.7% in women). The corresponding figure for mortality is 232,900 deaths (3.5% of all cancer deaths). This proportion is particularly high among men in Central and Eastern Europe. Among women, breast cancer comprises 60% of alcohol-attributable cancers. Although our estimates are based on simplified assumptions, the burden of alcohol-associated cancer appears to be substantial and needs to be considered when making public health recommendations on alcohol drinking.

311 citations


Authors

Showing all 3012 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
David J. Hunter2131836207050
Kay-Tee Khaw1741389138782
Elio Riboli1581136110499
Silvia Franceschi1551340112504
Stephen J. Chanock1541220119390
Paolo Boffetta148145593876
Timothy J. Key14680890810
Hans-Olov Adami14590883473
Joseph J.Y. Sung142124092035
Heiner Boeing140102492580
Anne Tjønneland139134591556
Kim Overvad139119686018
Sheila Bingham13651967332
Pasi A. Jänne13668589488
Peter Kraft13582182116
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20238
202233
2021483
2020495
2019423
2018400