Institution
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Nonprofit•Laxenburg, Austria•
About: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis is a nonprofit organization based out in Laxenburg, Austria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Greenhouse gas. The organization has 1369 authors who have published 5075 publications receiving 280467 citations. The organization is also known as: IIASA.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors have looked in more detail into the outcomes of specific models and also analyzed the economic potentials at the sectoral and regional level at the aggregated level, the findings of the IPCC report are confirmed.
179 citations
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Norwegian Meteorological Institute1, Chalmers University of Technology2, Norwegian Institute for Air Research3, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis4, Finnish Environment Institute5, Vienna University of Technology6, University of Aveiro7, University of Pannonia8, Centre national de la recherche scientifique9
TL;DR: In this article, the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) MSC-W model is used to assess our understanding of the sources of carbonaceous aerosol in Europe ( organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), or their sum, total carbon (TC)).
Abstract: In this paper the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) MSC-W model is used to assess our understanding of the sources of carbonaceous aerosol in Europe ( organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), or their sum, total carbon (TC)). The modeling work makes use of new data from two extensive measurement campaigns in Europe, those of the CARBOSOL project and of the EMEP EC/OC campaign. As well as EC and OC measurements, we are able to compare with levoglucosan, a tracer of wood-burning emissions, and with the source apportionment ( SA) analysis of Gelencser et al. ( 2007), which apportioned TC into primary versus secondary and fossil fuel versus biogenic origin. The model results suggest that emissions of primary EC and OC from fossil fuel sources are probably captured to better than a factor of two at most sites. Discrepancies for wintertime OC at some sites can likely be accounted for in terms of missing wood-burning contributions. Two schemes for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) contribution are included in the model, and we show that model results for TC are very sensitive to the choice of scheme. In northern Europe the model seems to capture TC levels rather well with either SOA scheme, but in southern Europe the model strongly underpredicts TC. Comparison against the SA results shows severe underprediction of the SOA components. This modeling work confirms the difficulties of modeling SOA in Europe, but shows that primary emissions constitute a significant fraction of ambient TC.
179 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the process-based terrestrial ecosystem model to simulate fire emissions and changes in carbon storage in northern high latitudes from the start of spatially explicit historically recorded fire records in the twentieth century through 2002.
Abstract: [1] Wildfire is a common occurrence in ecosystems of northern high latitudes, and changes in the fire regime of this region have consequences for carbon feedbacks to the climate system. To improve our understanding of how wildfire influences carbon dynamics of this region, we used the process-based Terrestrial Ecosystem Model to simulate fire emissions and changes in carbon storage north of 45°N from the start of spatially explicit historically recorded fire records in the twentieth century through 2002, and evaluated the role of fire in the carbon dynamics of the region within the context of ecosystem responses to changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration and climate. Our analysis indicates that fire plays an important role in interannual and decadal scale variation of source/sink relationships of northern terrestrial ecosystems and also suggests that atmospheric CO2 may be important to consider in addition to changes in climate and fire disturbance. There are substantial uncertainties in the effects of fire on carbon storage in our simulations. These uncertainties are associated with sparse fire data for northern Eurasia, uncertainty in estimating carbon consumption, and difficulty in verifying assumptions about the representation of fires that occurred prior to the start of the historical fire record. To improve the ability to better predict how fire will influence carbon storage of this region in the future, new analyses of the retrospective role of fire in the carbon dynamics of northern high latitudes should address these uncertainties.
179 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an enhanced agro-ecological zones (AEZ) assessment model provides a spatially explicit measure of production potentials for agricultural land uses, and land-use change scenarios are assessed with an extended input-output model of China's economy.
178 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the role of renewable energy (RE) in climate change mitigation has been explored, and the results on renewable energy deployment levels vary considerably across the EMF27 models, which can be attributed to different assumptions about technology costs, resource potentials and systems integration.
Abstract: This paper uses the EMF27 scenarios to explore the role of renewable energy (RE) in climate change mitigation. Currently RE supplies almost 20 % of global electricity demand. Almost all EMF27 mitigation scenarios show a strong increase in renewable power production, with a substantial ramp-up of wind and solar power deployment. In many scenarios, renewables are the most important long-term mitigation option for power supply. Wind energy is competitive even without climate policy, whereas the prospects of solar photovoltaics (PV) are highly contingent on the ambitiousness of climate policy. Bioenergy is an important and versatile energy carrier; however—with the exception of low temperature heat—there is less scope for renewables other than biomass for non-electric energy supply. Despite the important role of wind and solar power in climate change mitigation scenarios with full technology availability, limiting their deployment has a relatively small effect on mitigation costs, if nuclear and carbon capture and storage (CCS)—which can serve as substitutes in low-carbon power supply—are available. Limited bioenergy availability in combination with limited wind and solar power by contrast, results in a more substantial increase in mitigation costs. While a number of robust insights emerge, the results on renewable energy deployment levels vary considerably across the models. An in-depth analysis of a subset of EMF27 reveals substantial differences in modeling approaches and parameter assumptions. To a certain degree, differences in model results can be attributed to different assumptions about technology costs, resource potentials and systems integration.
178 citations
Authors
Showing all 1418 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Martin A. Nowak | 148 | 591 | 94394 |
Paul J. Crutzen | 130 | 461 | 80651 |
Andreas Richter | 110 | 769 | 48262 |
David G. Streets | 106 | 364 | 42154 |
Drew Shindell | 102 | 340 | 49481 |
Wei Liu | 102 | 2927 | 65228 |
Jean-Francois Lamarque | 100 | 385 | 55326 |
Frank Dentener | 97 | 220 | 58666 |
James W. Vaupel | 89 | 434 | 34286 |
Keywan Riahi | 87 | 318 | 58030 |
Larry W. Horowitz | 85 | 253 | 28706 |
Robert J. Scholes | 84 | 253 | 37019 |
Mark A. Sutton | 83 | 423 | 30716 |
Brian Walsh | 82 | 233 | 29589 |
Börje Johansson | 82 | 871 | 30985 |