Institution
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Nonprofit•Laxenburg, Austria•
About: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis is a nonprofit organization based out in Laxenburg, Austria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Greenhouse gas. The organization has 1369 authors who have published 5075 publications receiving 280467 citations. The organization is also known as: IIASA.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Utility measures from environ analysis in the broader frame of ecological network analysis (ENA) provide such a methodology to investigate the relations resulting from all observed and indirect transfers.
156 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined whether the provision of child care helps older adults maintain better cognitive functioning and found that providing child care has a positive effect on verbal fluency, while no statistically significant effect was found on other cognitive tests.
Abstract: The authors examined whether the provision of child care helps older adults maintain better cognitive functioning. Descriptive evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (n = 5,610 women and n = 4,760 men, ages 50–80) shows that intensively engaged grandparents have lower cognitive scores than the others. The authors show that this result is attributable to background characteristics and not to child care per se. Using an instrumental variable approach, they found that providing child care has a positive effect on 1 of the 4 cognitive tests considered: verbal fluency. For the other cognitive tests, no statistically significant effect was found. Given the same level of engagement, they found very similar results for grandmothers and grandfathers. These findings point to the inclusion of grandparenting among other cognitively stimulating social activities and the need to consider such benefits when discussing the implications of this important type of nonmonetary intergenerational transfer.
155 citations
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TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper developed a theoretical model to investigate household decisions on farming scale when off-farm labor market is accessible and there is heterogeneity of farmland productivity and distribution, which is capable of explaining the hidden reasons of cropland abandonment in sloping and agriculturally less-favored locations.
155 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore how policies pursued during the next two decades impact long-term transformation pathways towards stringent longterm climate targets using nine energy-economy models and find that less stringent near-term policies consume more of the longterm cumulative emissions budget in the 2010-2030 period, which increases the likelihood of overshoot the budget and the urgency of reducing GHG emissions after 2030.
155 citations
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International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis1, Institut national de la recherche agronomique2, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research3, CGIAR4, University of Vermont5, Lviv Polytechnic6, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation7, University of Aberdeen8, National Institute for Environmental Studies9
TL;DR: In this article, the implications of climate change mitigation in the land use sector for agricultural production and food security using an integrated partial equilibrium modelling framework and explore ways of relaxing the competition between mitigation in agriculture and food availability.
Abstract: To keep global warming possibly below 1.5 ᵒC and mitigate adverse effects of climate change, agriculture, like all other sectors, will have to contribute to efforts in achieving net negative emissions by the end of the century. Cost-efficient distribution of mitigation across regions and economic sectors is typically calculated using a global uniform carbon price in climate stabilization scenarios. However, in reality such a carbon price would substantially affect food availability. Here, we assess the implications of climate change mitigation in the land use sector for agricultural production and food security using an integrated partial equilibrium modelling framework and explore ways of relaxing the competition between mitigation in agriculture and food availability. Using a scenario that limits global warming cost-efficiently across sectors to 1.5 ᵒC, results indicate global food calorie losses ranging from 110 to 285 kcal per capita and day in 2050 depending on the applied demand elasticities. This could translate into a rise in undernourishment of 80 to 300 million people in 2050. Less ambitious GHG mitigation in the land use sector reduces the associated food security impact significantly, however the 1.5 ᵒC target would not be achieved without additional reductions outside the land use sector. Efficiency of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation will also depend on the level of participation globally. Our results show that if non-Annex I countries decide not to contribute to mitigation action while other parties pursue their mitigation efforts to reach the global climate target, food security impacts in these non-Annex I countries will be higher than if they participate in a global agreement, as inefficient mitigation increases agricultural production costs and therefore food prices. Land-rich countries with a high proportion of emissions from land use change, such as Brazil, could reduce emissions with only a marginal effect on food availability. In contrast, agricultural mitigation in high population (density) countries, such as China and India, would lead to substantial food calorie loss without a major contribution to global GHG mitigation. Increasing soil carbon sequestration on agricultural land would allow reducing the implied calorie loss by 65% when sticking to the initially estimated land use mitigation requirements, thereby limiting the impact on undernourishment to 20 - 75 million people, and storing significant amounts of carbon in soils.
155 citations
Authors
Showing all 1418 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Martin A. Nowak | 148 | 591 | 94394 |
Paul J. Crutzen | 130 | 461 | 80651 |
Andreas Richter | 110 | 769 | 48262 |
David G. Streets | 106 | 364 | 42154 |
Drew Shindell | 102 | 340 | 49481 |
Wei Liu | 102 | 2927 | 65228 |
Jean-Francois Lamarque | 100 | 385 | 55326 |
Frank Dentener | 97 | 220 | 58666 |
James W. Vaupel | 89 | 434 | 34286 |
Keywan Riahi | 87 | 318 | 58030 |
Larry W. Horowitz | 85 | 253 | 28706 |
Robert J. Scholes | 84 | 253 | 37019 |
Mark A. Sutton | 83 | 423 | 30716 |
Brian Walsh | 82 | 233 | 29589 |
Börje Johansson | 82 | 871 | 30985 |