Institution
International School for Advanced Studies
Education•Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy•
About: International School for Advanced Studies is a education organization based out in Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Galaxy & Dark matter. The organization has 3751 authors who have published 13433 publications receiving 588454 citations. The organization is also known as: SISSA & Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati.
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TL;DR: In this article, the results of a search for direct pair production of the scalar partner to the top quark using an integrated luminosity of 20.1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at = 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC are reported.
Abstract: The results of a search for direct pair production of the scalar partner to the top quark using an integrated luminosity of 20.1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at = 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC are reported. The top squark is assumed to decay via or , where denotes the lightest neutralino (chargino) in supersymmetric models. The search targets a fully-hadronic final state in events with four or more jets and large missing transverse momentum. No significant excess over the Standard Model background prediction is observed, and exclusion limits are reported in terms of the top squark and neutralino masses and as a function of the branching fraction of . For a branching fraction of 100%, top squark masses in the range 270-645 GeV are excluded for masses below 30 GeV. For a branching fraction of 50% to either or , and assuming the mass to be twice the mass, top squark masses in the range 250-550 GeV are excluded for masses below 60 GeV.
140 citations
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TL;DR: The binding mechanism of a peptide substrate to wild-type HIV-1 protease has been investigated by 1.6 micros biased all-atom molecular dynamics simulations in explicit water and mutations might influence differently the binding kinetics of peptidomimetic ligands and of the natural substrate.
Abstract: The binding mechanism of a peptide substrate (Thr-Ile-Met-Met-Gln-Arg, cleavage site p2-NC of the viral polyprotein) to wild-type HIV-1 protease has been investigated by 1.6 micros biased all-atom molecular dynamics simulations in explicit water. The configuration space has been explored biasing seven reaction coordinates by the bias-exchange metadynamics technique. The structure of the Michaelis complex is obtained starting from the substrate outside the enzyme within a backbone rmsd of 0.9 A. The calculated free energy of binding is -6 kcal/mol, and the kinetic constants for association and dissociation are 1.3 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1) and 57 s(-1), respectively, consistent with experiments. In the main binding pathway, the flaps of the protease do not open sizably. The substrate slides inside the enzyme cavity from the tight lateral channel. This may contrast with the natural polyprotein substrate which is expected to bind by opening the flaps. Thus, mutations might influence differently the binding kinetics of peptidomimetic ligands and of the natural substrate.
140 citations
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TL;DR: Controlling NMDA receptor function and, thus, excitatory transmitter release via modulation of PKC suggests a novel potential target to contrast glutamate excitotoxicity in this motor nucleus.
Abstract: The neuroprotective agent riluzole is used for the symptomatic treatment of motoneuron disease, which strongly affects the brainstem nucleus hypoglossus. The mechanism of action of riluzole was investigated using, as a model, patch-clamp recording from hypoglossal motoneurons of the neonatal rat brainstem slice preparation. In the presence of riluzole (10 microm), theta-rhythm oscillations evoked by nicotine continued even though the persistent inward current (comprising sodium and calcium components) was halved, but they disappeared when the high frequency of spontaneous glutamatergic currents waned. Riluzole fully inhibited the persistent sodium current and partly depressed a tetrodotoxin (TTX)-insensitive slow current antagonized by Mn(2+) or Cd(2+). Repetitive firing was inhibited by riluzole without changing single action potentials. In the presence of TTX, riluzole depressed miniature glutamatergic currents occurring at high rate. Synaptic transmission with low release probability became sensitive to riluzole if release was stimulated by high potassium solution. Miniature current frequency was depressed by the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist D-amino-phosphonovaleriate (50 microm), which fully occluded the action of riluzole. As riluzole is a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, the PKC antagonist chelerythrine (2.5 microm) mimicked the effect of riluzole and prevented it. In summary, riluzole blocked the persistent sodium current fully, and the calcium one partly, plus it decreased glutamatergic transmission probably via inhibition of PKC that regulated presynaptic NMDA receptors having a facilitatory effect on glutamate release. Controlling NMDA receptor function and, thus, excitatory transmitter release via modulation of PKC suggests a novel potential target to contrast glutamate excitotoxicity in this motor nucleus.
140 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a perturbed sine-Gordon model is used to analyse the evolution of the spectrum of particle excitations in the two-dimensional quantum field theory of a scalar field self-interacting via two periodic terms of frequencies α and β.
139 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the results of a pilot JVLA project aimed at studying the bulk of the radio-emitting AGN population, that was unveiled by the NVSS/FIRST and SDSS surveys.
Abstract: We present the results of a pilot JVLA project aimed at studying the bulk of the radio-emitting AGN population, that was unveiled by the NVSS/FIRST and SDSS surveys. The key questions are related to the origin of their radio-emission and to its connection with the properties of their hosts. We obtained A-array observations at the JVLA at 1.4, 4.5, and 7.5 GHz for 12 sources, a small but representative subsample. The radio maps reveal compact unresolved or only slightly resolved radio structures on a scale of 1−3 kpc, with the one exception of a hybrid FR I/FR II source extended over ~40 kpc. Thanks to either the new high-resolution maps or to the radio spectra, we isolated the radio core component in most of them. We split the sample into two groups. Four sources have low black hole (BH) masses (mostly ~107 M ⊙ ) and are hosted by blue galaxies, often showing evidence of a contamination from star formation to their radio emission, and are associated with radio-quiet (RQ) AGN. The second group consists in seven radio-loud (RL) AGN, which are located in red massive (~1011 M ⊙ ) early-type galaxies, have high BH masses (≳108 M ⊙ ), and are spectroscopically classified as low excitation galaxies (LEG). These are all characteristics typical of FR I radio galaxies. They also lie on the correlation between radio core power and [O III] line luminosity defined by FR Is. However, they are more core-dominated (by a factor of ~30) than FR Is and show a deficit of extended radio emission. We dub these sources “FR 0” to emphasize their lack of prominent extended radio emission, which is their single distinguishing feature with respect to FR Is. The differences in radio properties between FR 0s and FR Is might be ascribed to an evolutionary effect, with the FR 0 sources undergoing rapid intermittency that prevents the growth of large-scale structures. However, this contrasts with the scenario in which low-luminosity radio-galaxies are fed by continuous accretion of gas from their hot coronae. In our preferred scenario the lack of extended radio emission in FR 0s is due to their lower jet Lorentz Γ factor with respect to FR Is. The slower jets in FR 0s are more subject to instabilities and entrainment, which causes their premature disruption.
139 citations
Authors
Showing all 3802 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Sabino Matarrese | 155 | 775 | 123278 |
G. de Zotti | 154 | 718 | 121249 |
J. González-Nuevo | 144 | 500 | 108318 |
Matt J. Jarvis | 144 | 1064 | 85559 |
Carlo Baccigalupi | 137 | 518 | 104722 |
L. Toffolatti | 136 | 376 | 95529 |
Michele Parrinello | 133 | 637 | 94674 |
Marzio Nessi | 129 | 1046 | 78641 |
Luigi Danese | 128 | 394 | 92073 |
Lidia Smirnova | 127 | 944 | 75865 |
Michele Pinamonti | 126 | 846 | 69328 |
David M. Alexander | 125 | 652 | 60686 |
Davide Maino | 124 | 410 | 88117 |
Dipak Munshi | 124 | 365 | 84322 |
Peter Onyisi | 114 | 694 | 60392 |