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TL;DR: In this article, multibeam bathymetric data acquired during 2005 and 2006, in the region of maximum slip of the 26 Dec. 2004 earthquake (Mw 9.2), were used to provide highresolution images of seafloor morphology of the entire NW Sumatra forearc from the Sunda trench to the submarine volcanic arc just north of Sumatra.
64 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantified the matrix effect of external calibration procedures for quantification of the total H2O content (H2OT = O(OH−++H2Om) in natural silicate glasses, based on the calibration of either the absolute (external calibration) or scaled (parameterisation) intensity of the 3550 cm−1 band.
64 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a new gravity compilation obtained with the existing National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) data, merged with new gravity profiles collected during the ESCAPE cruise in 1995.
Abstract: The Azores Archipelago is believed to be the site of the third arm of a Triple Junction between the Eurasia/Africa/North America plates. However, to the present no study has been able to identify its segmentation pattern, the spreading mechanism and its relationship with the well-known topographic features of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). Here we present a new gravity compilation obtained with the existing National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) data, merged with new gravity profiles collected during the ESCAPE cruise in 1995. This compilation is used to calculate a Free Air Anomaly (FAA) map, which is used to test two different models, the Mantle Bouguer Anomaly model and the elastic plate model, for the study of the thermal regime of the Terceira Axis. The analysis of the results from both models demonstrates that the elastic plate model successfully models the gravity data from the Azores Plateau and that there is no gravity evidence for the existence of a spreading axis. The elastic plate thickness Te, with a value of 7–8 km, suggests a very young lithosphere (about 10 Ma) at the time of the load of the Azores Plateau.
64 citations
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TL;DR: The Soufriere of Guadeloupe lava dome as discussed by the authors was used to construct the first geophysical image of the internal structure of this active volcano, and the main features of the apparent conductivity structure of the lava dome are high-conductivity regions associated with the strongly altered material of present and fossil hydrothermal zones.
64 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a Drucker-Prager elastoplastic rheology to model the volcanic edifice and found that large plastic displacement that occurred in the eastern flank during distal eruptions relaxed the horizontal elastic stress accumulated during interdistal periods; it triggered summit deflation, horizontal magma transfer and distal flank eruption and reset the eruptive cycle.
Abstract: [1] From 2003 to 2007, eruptive activity at Piton de la Fournaise was shown to follow cycles, comprising many summit/proximal eruptions and finishing by a distal eruption. GPS measurements evidenced striking asymmetric deformation between its western and eastern flanks. Horizontal displacements recorded during interdistal periods showed a characteristic amplitude at the top of the eastern flank. Displacements recorded at the base of the summit cone showed a bimodal distribution, with low amplitudes during interdistal periods and large ones during distal eruptions. To account for displacement asymmetry, characteristic amplitude, and large flank displacement, we modeled the volcanic edifice using a Drucker-Prager elastoplastic rheology. Friction angles of 15° and >30° were needed to model the displacements respectively during distal eruptions and interdistal periods; this change shows that strain weakening occurred during distal events. Large plastic displacement that occurred in the eastern flank during distal eruptions relaxed the horizontal elastic stress accumulated during interdistal periods; it triggered summit deflation, horizontal magma transfer, and distal flank eruption and reset the eruptive cycle. Our elastoplastic models also show that simple source geometries may induce large eastern flank displacements that would be explained by a complex geometry in a linear elastic edifice. Magma supply is often thought to control volcano's eruptive activity, with surface deformation reflecting changes in magma supply rate, the volcano's response being linear. Our results bring some evidences that on Piton de la Fournaise time-space discretization of magma transfer may be the result of the edifice's nonlinear response, rather than changes in magma supply.
63 citations
Authors
Showing all 903 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Claude J. Allègre | 106 | 327 | 35092 |
Paul Tapponnier | 99 | 294 | 42855 |
Francesco Mauri | 85 | 352 | 69332 |
Barbara Romanowicz | 67 | 284 | 14950 |
Geoffrey C. P. King | 64 | 157 | 17177 |
Yi-Gang Xu | 64 | 271 | 14292 |
Jérôme Gaillardet | 63 | 199 | 14878 |
François Guyot | 61 | 292 | 12444 |
Georges Calas | 60 | 266 | 10901 |
Ari P. Seitsonen | 59 | 212 | 45684 |
Michele Lazzeri | 58 | 140 | 57079 |
Bernard Bourdon | 58 | 118 | 9962 |
Gianreto Manatschal | 56 | 200 | 10063 |
Nikolai M. Shapiro | 56 | 154 | 15508 |
Guillaume Morin | 55 | 156 | 7218 |