Showing papers by "Istanbul University published in 1986"

Export activities of turkish manufacturers

Abstract: Factors influential in directing Turkish manufacturers to exporting are discussed. The research shows that the majority of these companies started exports due to unexpected orders and entered this field as a result of domestic economic factors. For most of these companies, the domestic market preserves its significance. Therefore, a different marketing strategy is not implemented for exports. However, as size and export volume increase, a change in attitudes is observed, supporting the findings of previous empirical studies that involvement in export marketing is a sequential and gradual process.

Reaktionen mit cyclischen Oxalylverbindungen, XXIV. Zur Reaktion von 4-Benzoyl-5-phenyl-furan-2,3-dion mit Phenylhydrazonen bzw. Phenylhydrazin

Abstract: 4-Benzoyl-5-phenyl-furan-2,3-dione (1) reacts with various phenylhydrazones2 at 60–80°C to the pyrazole carboxylic acid3 a, which then can be decarboxylated to 4-benzoyl-1,5-diphenyl-pyrazole (5).1 and phenylhydrazine combine again yielding3 a as the main product and the isomeric pyridazinone6 as by-product. At higher temperatures (120–140°C) the reaction of1 with2 a leads to the formation of dibenzoyl acetic acid hydrazide derivatives8.

Biological evaluation of glass ionomer cements

Abstract: Summary. Sixty human premolar and canine teeth were used in this study. Class V cavities were prepared with a turbine handpiece. The experimental material was ASPA, with silicate cement and zinc oxide-eugenol cements being used as controls. The teeth were extracted approximately 4 days, 30 days or 90 days after insertion of the filling material. They were demineralized and prepared for histological examination. The test procedure and evaluation closely followed recommendations by the FDI (1980). The reaction at the short time interval for each material was similar, while at the intermediate and long periods silicate cement caused the most inflammation, zinc oxideeugenol cement the least, and ASPA an intermediate response. The reaction to ASPA was reduced at the long period compared with the intermediate period.

Threshold conditions for sand movement on a rippled bed

Abstract: Flume experiments have been carried out to determine the threshold of grain movement on a rippled bed. The results indicate a form drag component of between 5 and 12 times the skin friction. The threshold of motion on the rippled sand bed can be represented by τ = 70D0.3 in whichD > 0.09 cm.

A simple synthesis of 2,2'-azobis[(15-crown-5)-eno[g]quinoxaline]

Abstract: Einfache Synthese von 2,2′-Azobis[(15-krone-5)eno[g]chinoxalin] Die Umsetzung von 2,3-Diaminobenzo-15-krone-5 (1) mit s-trans-Chlorethandial-dioxim in Ethanol liefert das 2(1H)-(15-Krone-5)eno[g]chinoxalinon-oxim (2), das durch Templat-Effekt von Co2+ in das 2,2′-Azobis[(15-krone-5)eno[g]chinoxalin] (3) ubergefuhrt wird.

Oral rehydration therapy in malnourished infants with infectious diarrhoea.

Abstract: The effect of oral rehydration therapy was studied in malnourished infants with acute diarrhea and the course of their water and electroltye homeostasis was compared with that in infants in a normal nutritional state who were treated in the same way for acute diarrhea. The clinical studies were performed in the Department of Pediatrics Capa University of Istanbul Turkey from March 1983 to March 1984. The subjects were 14 malnourished infants ranging in age from 2-15 months. All the patients were hydrated orally. The blood creatinine values were higher in the malnourished group than in the well-nourished group of 16 infants. The average values for urine osmolality were significantly lower than those previously observed in the well-nourished infants. Urine osmolality decreased significantly during rehydration and was only 218+50.3 mosm/kg 36 hours after starting rehydration. The malnourished infants received slightly more oral rehydration solution (ORS) during the first 12 hours than did the well-nourished infants in an earlier study. The average volumes of the stools were about the same in both groups but the urine output was lower in the malnourished infants than in the well-nourished ones. The difference between intake and output as well as the average weight gain after 36 hours was signicantly higher in the malnourished infants than in the well-nourished ones. 18 and 36 hours after admission the serum sodium level was within the normal range in all patients. Sodium intake considerably exceeded sodium output during the entire rehydration period. The stool sodium output was not significantly lower in the well-nourished infants. The percentage of filtered sodium that is not reabsorbed in the renal tubules was low on admission. It increased during rehydration but the increase was less rapid than in the well-nourished infants. The urinary potassium sodium quotient was high on admission but it decreased during rehydration. The decrease was at a slower rate than in the well-nourished group. The study results show that malnourished infants can be successfully rehydrated with a solution that has a sodium concentration of 60 mmol/l and that they do not develop abnormal serum sodium levels.

Stimulation of lipid peroxidation and impairment of glutathione-dependent defence system in the liver of rats repeatedly treated with carbon tetrachloride.

Abstract: To study the effect of carbon tetrachloride treatment on hepatic lipid peroxidation and glutathione-dependent defence system, rats were injected with carbon tetrachloride (0.2 ml/kg body weight, i.p.) twice weekly for a period of 4 weeks. Carbon tetrachloride treatment caused a significant increase in hepatic lipid peroxide levels and significant decreases in hepatic glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase activities. These results show that chronic carbon tetrachloride administration to rats leads to the stimulation of hepatic lipid peroxidation, which seems to be the consequence of impaired cellular defence by glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes.

Diffraction of an obliquely incident high-frequency wave by a cylindrically curved sheet

Abstract: In the application of the geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) to practical problems, a main role is played by the diffraction coefficients of different kinds. Nevertheless the explicit expressions of the diffraction coefficients associated with edges on certain curved sheets are known only in the case of normal incidence. The canonical problems from which these coefficients are derived can always be reduced to scalar diffraction problems involving two space variables, in which either the electric or the magnetic field is parallel to the edge. Nevertheless, when the incident ray is not normal to the edge at the diffraction point, the related canonical problems inevitably involve three space coordinates and at least two dependent functions. The complexity inherent in such problems caused a lack of knowledge about the diffraction coefficients connected with the edges on curved sheets in the case of oblique incidence. The case of oblique incidence on a perfectly conducting cylindrical sheet is considered and some explicit expressions for the matrix diffraction coefficients are derived. These matrices connect the diffracted far fields of different kinds to the incident electric and magnetic field components parallel to the edge at the diffraction point. The expressions are rather simple and involve the coefficients related to the case of normal incidence in which k is replaced by k sin \theta_{0} ( k and \theta_{0} are the wavenumber and the incidence angle, respectively). The effect of the incidence angle in the attenuation constants associated with the creeping waves are dependent upon \theta_{0} only via the curvature radius of the geodesic lines.

Familial sinus node disease and degenerative myopia--a new hereditary syndrome?

Abstract: A family is reported in which the father and both offspring suffered from sick sinus syndrome (SSS) accompanied by degenerative myopia in the two elder of the three family members. In all three individuals, the basic manifestations of the SSS were total sinus arrest with secondary AV junctional rhythm at a normal rate. Only the 7-year-old boy also exhibited paroxysmal atrial flutter and ventricular asystole lasting up to almost 7 s. Since he had, furthermore, recently sustained a left hemiparesis, a ventricular demand pacemaker was implanted. Chronic atrial fibrillation was eventually established in the father in whom observations were available for 16 years. Myopia of-11 D and-4.5 D, respectively, existed in the father and his 14-year-old daughter. The familial association of this defect with SSS suggests a hitherto undescribed genetic syndrome, presumably with underlying autosomal dominant transmission of the two traits.

Some notes about Hb Q-India and Hb Q-Iran.

Abstract: (1986). Some notes about HB Q-India and HB Q-Iran. Hemoglobin: Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 215-219.

Patterns of Attrition for Psychological and Pharmacological Treatment of Male Sexual Dysfunction: Implications for sex therapy research and cross-cultural perspectives

Abstract: Fifty-six consecutive male patients with sexual dysfunction who were referred for treatment to the Department of Psychiatry, University of Istanbul were allocated to psychotherapy and drug treatment conditions. The overall patient attrition rate was found to be 66%. Lower socio-economic status, erectile failure, shorter duration and higher severity of dysfunction, and better marital adjustment were found to be associated with premature termination of psychotherapy, whereas none of these features predicted compliance in the drug group. Implications for practice of sex therapy with patients from lower social strata and traditional, non-Western cultural settings are discussed.

Gas chromatographic analysis of absolutes and volatile oil isolated from Turkish and foreign jasmine concretes

Abstract: Jasmine absolutes of concrete samples from the Antalya district of Turkey and foreign countries were analysed by capillary gas chromatography; the yields and some physicochemical properties were also measured. According to the data obtained, it seems that the quality of Turkish jasmine concrete and absolute could compete with that of other countries.

A mesometeorological investigation of the Golden Horn — Istanbul

Abstract: In order to investigate the impact of meteorological conditions on the very serious air pollution problem of Golden Horn (Halic), the thermal and dynamic structure of the atmosphere in the Halic basin has been studied. In particular, wind velocity, wind direction, temperature and relative humidity were measured at four locations between October 1979 and November 1980. The results show that the prevailing weak ventilation becomes even weaker during the winter months. In addition, a permanent stable atmospheric structure seems to be characteristic of the region. As a consequence of this, wind speeds and ventilation near the ground are never sufficiently great in the Halic area to disperse pollutants.