Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia

About: Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia is a facility organization based out in Genoa, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Humanoid robot & Robot. The organization has 4561 authors who have published 14595 publications receiving 437558 citations. The organization is also known as: Italian Institute of Technology & IIT.

Alginate–lavender nanofibers with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity to effectively promote burn healing

Abstract: One of the current challenges in wound care is the development of multifunctional dressings that can both protect the wound from external agents and promote the regeneration of the new tissue. Here, we show the combined use of two naturally derived compounds, sodium alginate and lavender essential oil, for the production of bioactive nanofibrous dressings by electrospinning, and their efficacy for the treatment of skin burns induced by midrange ultraviolet radiation (UVB). We demonstrate that the engineered dressings reduce the risk of microbial infection of the burn, since they stop the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, they are able to control and reduce the inflammatory response that is induced in human foreskin fibroblasts by lipopolysaccharides, and in rodents by UVB exposure. In particular, we report a remarkable reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines when fibroblasts or animals are treated with the alginate-based nanofibers. The down-regulation of cytokines production and the absence of erythema on the skin of the treated animals confirm that the here described dressings are promising as advanced biomedical devices for burn management.

Giant exciton oscillator strength and radiatively limited dephasing in two-dimensional platelets

Abstract: We measured the intrinsic ground-state exciton dephasing and population dynamics in colloidal quasi-two-dimensional (2D) CdSe nanoplatelets at low temperature (5–50 K) using transient resonant four-wave mixing in heterodyne detection. Our results indicate that below 20 K the exciton dephasing is lifetime limited, with the exciton population lifetime being as fast as 1 ps. This is consistent with an exciton lifetime given by a fast radiative decay due to the large in-plane coherence area of the exciton center-of-mass motion in these quasi-2D systems compared to spherical nanocrystals. The radiative rate in such 2D platelet systems can be controlled by the platelet area over orders of magnitude.

Charge injection engineering of ambipolar field-effect transistors for high-performance organic complementary circuits.

Abstract: Ambipolar π-conjugated polymers may provide inexpensive large-area manufacturing of complementary integrated circuits (CICs) without requiring micro-patterning of the individual p- and n-channel semiconductors. However, current-generation ambipolar semiconductor-based CICs suffer from higher static power consumption, low operation frequencies, and degraded noise margins compared to complementary logics based on unipolar p- and n-channel organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Here, we demonstrate a simple methodology to control charge injection and transport in ambipolar OFETs via engineering of the electrical contacts. Solution-processed caesium (Cs) salts, as electron-injection and hole-blocking layers at the interface between semiconductors and charge injection electrodes, significantly decrease the gold (Au) work function (∼4.1 eV) compared to that of a pristine Au electrode (∼4.7 eV). By controlling the electrode surface chemistry, excellent p-channel (hole mobility ∼0.1–0.6 cm2/(Vs)) and n-channel...