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Institution

Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia

FacilityGenoa, Italy
About: Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia is a facility organization based out in Genoa, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Humanoid robot & Robot. The organization has 4561 authors who have published 14595 publications receiving 437558 citations. The organization is also known as: Italian Institute of Technology & IIT.
Topics: Humanoid robot, Robot, Graphene, iCub, Population


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: High resolution X-ray and neutron diffraction structures of uncomplexed and inhibitor bound trypsin are presented that provide insights into the geometry of H-bonds in the active site of the enzyme and molecular dynamics simulations reveal the kinetics of ligand binding induced desolvation.
Abstract: Hydrogen bonds are key interactions determining protein-ligand binding affinity and therefore fundamental to any biological process. Unfortunately, explicit structural information about hydrogen positions and thus H-bonds in protein-ligand complexes is extremely rare and similarly the important role of water during binding remains poorly understood. Here, we report on neutron structures of trypsin determined at very high resolutions ≤1.5 A in uncomplexed and inhibited state complemented by X-ray and thermodynamic data and computer simulations. Our structures show the precise geometry of H-bonds between protein and the inhibitors N-amidinopiperidine and benzamidine along with the dynamics of the residual solvation pattern. Prior to binding, the ligand-free binding pocket is occupied by water molecules characterized by a paucity of H-bonds and high mobility resulting in an imperfect hydration of the critical residue Asp189. This phenomenon likely constitutes a key factor fueling ligand binding via water displacement and helps improving our current view on water influencing protein–ligand recognition.

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Music provides an ideal domain for investigating social cognition through realistic interpersonal interaction because it offers a promising solution for balancing the trade-off between ecological validity and experimental control when testing cognitive and brain functions.

116 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A low input voltage reversible osmotic actuation strategy based on the electrosorption of ions on flexible electrodes driven at low input voltages to highlight the potential of plant-inspired technologies for developing soft robots based on biocompatible materials and safe voltages.
Abstract: Soft robots hold promise for well-matched interactions with delicate objects, humans and unstructured environments owing to their intrinsic material compliance. Movement and stiffness modulation, which is challenging yet needed for an effective demonstration, can be devised by drawing inspiration from plants. Plants use a coordinated and reversible modulation of intracellular turgor (pressure) to tune their stiffness and achieve macroscopic movements. Plant-inspired osmotic actuation was recently proposed, yet reversibility is still an open issue hampering its implementation, also in soft robotics. Here we show a reversible osmotic actuation strategy based on the electrosorption of ions on flexible porous carbon electrodes driven at low input voltages (1.3 V). We demonstrate reversible stiffening (~5-fold increase) and actuation (~500 deg rotation) of a tendril-like soft robot (diameter ~1 mm). Our approach highlights the potential of plant-inspired technologies for developing soft robots based on biocompatible materials and safe voltages making them appealing for prospective applications. Plant-inspired osmotic actuation has been proposed as a competitive actuation strategy yet reversibility is still an open issue hampering its implementation in soft robotics. Here the authors show a low input voltage reversible osmotic actuation strategy based on the electrosorption of ions on flexible electrodes.

116 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recordings of mouse retinal waves provide a new, deeper understanding of developmental changes in retinal spontaneous activity patterns, which will help researchers in the investigation of the role of early retinal activity during wiring of the visual system.
Abstract: The immature retina generates spontaneous waves of spiking activity that sweep across the ganglion cell layer during a limited period of development before the onset of visual experience. The spatiotemporal patterns encoded in the waves are believed to be instructive for the wiring of functional connections throughout the visual system. However, the ontogeny of retinal waves is still poorly documented as a result of the relatively low resolution of conventional recording techniques. Here, we characterize the spatiotemporal features of mouse retinal waves from birth until eye opening in unprecedented detail using a large-scale, dense, 4096-channel multielectrode array that allowed us to record from the entire neonatal retina at near cellular resolution. We found that early cholinergic waves propagate with random trajectories over large areas with low ganglion cell recruitment. They become slower, smaller and denser when GABAA signalling matures, as occurs beyond postnatal day (P) 7. Glutamatergic influences dominate from P10, coinciding with profound changes in activity dynamics. At this time, waves cease to be random and begin to show repetitive trajectories confined to a few localized hotspots. These hotspots gradually tile the retina with time, and disappear after eye opening. Our observations demonstrate that retinal waves undergo major spatiotemporal changes during ontogeny. Our results support the hypotheses that cholinergic waves guide the refinement of retinal targets and that glutamatergic waves may also support the wiring of retinal receptive fields.

116 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A familial form of MMPSI due to mutation in TBC1D24 is described, revealing a devastating epileptic phenotype associated with TBC 1D24 dysfunction.
Abstract: Early-onset epileptic encephalopathies (EOEEs) are a group of rare devastating epileptic syndromes of infancy characterized by severe drug-resistant seizures and electroencephalographic abnormalities. The current study aims to determine the genetic etiology of a familial form of EOEE fulfilling the diagnosis criteria for malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy (MMPSI). We identified two inherited novel mutations in TBC1D24 in two affected siblings. Mutations severely impaired TBC1D24 expression and function, which is critical for maturation of neuronal circuits. The screening of TBC1D24 in an additional set of eight MMPSI patients was negative. TBC1D24 loss of function has been associated to idiopathic infantile myoclonic epilepsy, as well as to drug-resistant early-onset epilepsy with intellectual disability. Here, we describe a familial form of MMPSI due to mutation in TBC1D24, revealing a devastating epileptic phenotype associated with TBC1D24 dysfunction.

116 citations


Authors

Showing all 4601 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Marc G. Caron17367499802
Paolo Vineis134108886608
Michele Parrinello13363794674
Alex J. Barker132127384746
Tomaso Poggio13260888676
Shuai Liu129109580823
Giacomo Rizzolatti11729897242
Yehezkel Ben-Ari11045944293
Daniele Piomelli10450549009
Bruno Scrosati10358066572
Wolfgang J. Parak10246943307
Liberato Manna9849444780
Muhammad Imran94305351728
Ole Isacson9334530460
Luigi Ambrosio9376139688
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202313
2022109
20211,576
20201,618
20191,439
20181,381