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Showing papers by "Jadavpur University published in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm is proposed to solve both convex and non-convex economic load dispatch (ELD) problems of thermal plants.
Abstract: This paper presents a biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm to solve both convex and non-convex economic load dispatch (ELD) problems of thermal plants. The proposed methodology can take care of economic dispatch problems involving constraints such as transmission losses, ramp rate limits, valve point loading, multi-fuel options and prohibited operating zones. Biogeography deals with the geographical distribution of biological species. Mathematical models of biogeography describe how a species arises, migrates from one habitat to another and gets wiped out. BBO has some features that are in common with other biology-based optimization methods, like genetic algorithms (GAs) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). This algorithm searches for the global optimum mainly through two steps: migration and mutation. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been verified on four different test systems, both small and large, involving varying degree of complexity. Compared with the other existing techniques, the proposed algorithm has been found to perform better in a number of cases. Considering the quality of the solution obtained, this method seems to be a promising alternative approach for solving the ELD problems in practical power system.

459 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors document and discuss these sprawl measurement techniques along with their merits and demerits towards the absolute acceptance or rejection of urban sprawl and highlight the scope and direction of future research for the measurement of urban Sprawl.

402 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A hybrid technique combining differential evolution with biogeography-based optimization (DE/BBO) algorithm to solve both convex and nonconvex economic load dispatch (ELD) problems of thermal power units considering transmission losses, and constraints such as ramp rate limits, valve-point loading and prohibited operating zones.
Abstract: This paper presents a hybrid technique combining differential evolution with biogeography-based optimization (DE/BBO) algorithm to solve both convex and nonconvex economic load dispatch (ELD) problems of thermal power units considering transmission losses, and constraints such as ramp rate limits, valve-point loading and prohibited operating zones. Differential evolution (DE) is one of the very fast and robust evolutionary algorithms for global optimization. Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) is a relatively new optimization. Mathematical models of biogeography describe how a species arises, migrates from one habitat (Island) to another, or gets extinct. This algorithm searches for the global optimum mainly through two steps: migration and mutation. This paper presents combination of DE and BBO (DE/BBO) to improve the quality of solution and convergence speed. DE/BBO improves the searching ability of DE utilizing BBO algorithm effectively and can generate the promising candidate solutions. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been verified on four different test systems, both small and large. Considering the quality of the solution and convergence speed obtained, this method seems to be a promising alternative approach for solving the ELD problems in practical power system.

381 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The current deepening and widening of interest of niosomes in many scientific disciplines is reviewed and, particularly, its application in medicine is reviewed.
Abstract: Over the past several years, treatment of infectious diseases and immunisation has undergone a revolutionary shift. With the advancement of biotechnology and genetic engineering, not only a large number of disease-specific biological have been developed, but also emphasis has been made to effectively deliver these biologicals. Niosomes are vesicles composed of non-ionic surfactants, which are biodegradable, relatively nontoxic, more stable and inexpensive, an alternative to liposomes. This article reviews the current deepening and widening of interest of niosomes in many scientific disciplines and, particularly its application in medicine. This article also presents an overview of the techniques of preparation of niosome, types of niosomes, characterisation and their applications.

366 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new methodology based on nodal pricing for optimally allocating distributed generation for profit, loss reduction, and voltage improvement including voltage rise phenomenon is presented, which is based on an existing Indian rural distribution network.

313 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It appears that targeting the COX-2 pathway is a promising strategy in the prevention and treatment of solid tumors.

294 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Water analyses from the four principal geomorphological regions of Bangladesh showed that hand tubewells of the Tableland and Hill tract regions are primarily free from As contamination, while the Flood plain and Deltaic region, including the Coastal region, are highly As-contaminated.

274 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of diverse structural and magnetic properties of copper(II) azido complexes is presented, and some of the trends identified could serve as a privileged starting point for the further development of this promising area.

263 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The QSAR models developed here can be utilised for the antioxidant activity prediction of a new series of molecules, indicating the predictivity and robustness, respectively, of the developed models.
Abstract: In the present work, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models have been built for a wide variety of antioxidant phenolic compounds obtained from traditional Chinese medicinal plants, with their Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity measured using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical (ABTS√+) assay methods. Non-linear models obtained using genetic partial least-squares technique were acceptable both in terms of internal and external predictivity. Validation of developed models using metrics and randomisation technique yielded results indicating the predictivity and robustness, respectively, of the developed models. The models signify that the presence of ketonic oxygen within the molecular structure favours their antioxidant activity. In addition, the number of hydroxyl groups, extent of branching, degree of methoxylation and the number of methyl and methylene substituents also dictate the antioxidant activity of...

251 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extended Krori and Barua's method to include pressure anisotropy and linear or nonlinear equations of state for self-gravitating, charged, anisotropic fluids and get even more flexibility in solving the Einstein-Maxwell equations.
Abstract: Ivanov pointed out substantial analytical difficulties associated with self-gravitating, static, isotropic fluid spheres when pressure explicitly depends on matter density. Simplifications achieved with the introduction of electric charge were noticed as well. We deal with self-gravitating, charged, anisotropic fluids and get even more flexibility in solving the Einstein-Maxwell equations. In order to discuss analytical solutions we extend Krori and Barua's method to include pressure anisotropy and linear or nonlinear equations of state. The field equations are reduced to a system of three algebraic equations for the anisotropic pressures as well as matter and electrostatic energy densities. Attention is paid to compact sources characterized by positive matter density and positive radial pressure. Arising solutions satisfy the energy conditions of general relativity. Spheres with vanishing net charge contain fluid elements with unbounded proper charge density located at the fluid-vacuum interface. Notably the electric force acting on these fluid elements is finite, although the acting electric field is zero. Net charges can be huge (${10}^{19}C$) and maximum electric field intensities are very large (${10}^{23}--{10}^{24}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{statvolt}/\mathrm{cm}$) even in the case of zero net charge. Inward-directed fluid forces caused by pressure anisotropy may allow equilibrium configurations with larger net charges and electric field intensities than those found in studies of charged isotropic fluids. Links of these results with charged strange quark stars as well as models of dark matter including massive charged particles are highlighted. The van der Waals equation of state leading to matter densities constrained by cubic polynomial equations is briefly considered. The fundamental question of stability is left open.

243 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The proposed bacterial foraging algorithm appears to be a robust and reliable optimization algorithm for the solution of the EELD problems and is found to be better than, or at least comparable to, the other existing techniques considering the quality of the solutions obtained.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This strategy demonstrated four-component coupling reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, amines, aromatic aldehydes, and nitroalkanes without an inert atmosphere to provide an alternative approach for easy access of highly substituted pyrroles in moderate to very good yields.
Abstract: A simple, convenient, and multicomponent coupling strategy for the synthesis of highly functionalized pyrroles catalyzed by iron(III) salts has been developed. This strategy demonstrated four-component coupling reactions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, amines, aromatic aldehydes, and nitroalkanes without an inert atmosphere. This methodology provides an alternative approach for easy access of highly substituted pyrroles in moderate to very good yields using four simple and readily available building blocks via one-pot tandem reaction. Notably, this method is very cheap, straightforward, and environmentally friendly compared to the existing methods.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel approach to measure the dielectric constant of fabric substrate materials used for the development of wearable antennas (also called textile antennas) is presented, based on the resonance method, and shows superior performance characteristics compared to others, indicating the correctness of the approach.
Abstract: A novel approach to measure the dielectric constant of fabric substrate materials used for the development of wearable antennas (also called textile antennas) is presented in this paper. The technique reported here is based on the resonance method and focused on the use of microstrip patch radiator, which contains fabric material as its substrate. The accurate value of the dielectric constant of the fabric material can easily be extracted from the measured resonant frequency of the patch radiator. The dielectric constant values of six fabric materials, including jeans cotton, polyester combined cotton, and polyester, have been determined by this way. As an extended objective of this paper, initial investigations are done to study the performance/behavioral characteristics of wearable antennas in the Bluetooth industrial, scientific, and medical band. Two of the six textile antenna structures, developed to meet out the primary objective of determining the dielectric constant of fabrics, are tested, and their performance characteristics, such as impedance bandwidth, gain, efficiency, etc., are measured. In addition, another Bluetooth antenna employing polyester fabric substrate is designed considering its measured accurate value of dielectric constant and subjected to radiation pattern measurements. In general, all the measured antennas yield very good results, fulfilling the requirements for practical applications, and in particular, the third fabric antenna utilizing the accurate value of the dielectric constant determined shows superior performance characteristics compared to others, indicating the correctness of our approach. Thus, the suitability of fabric substrate materials for the development of textile antennas with microstrip patch configuration is also well demonstrated.

Journal ArticleDOI
02 Feb 2010-Silence
TL;DR: A cancer-miRNA network is developed by mining the literature of experimentally verified cancer- miRNA relationships and it is found that in 67% of the cancer types have at least two neighboring miRNAs showing downregulation which is statistically significant (P < 10-7, Randomization test).
Abstract: MicroRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs that are abnormally expressed in different cancer cells. Molecular signature of miRNAs in different malignancies suggests that these are not only actively involved in the pathogenesis of human cancer but also have a significant role in patients survival. The differential expression patterns of specific miRNAs in a specific cancer tissue type have been reported in hundreds of research articles. However limited attempt has been made to collate this multitude of information and obtain a global perspective of miRNA dysregulation in multiple cancer types. In this article a cancer-miRNA network is developed by mining the literature of experimentally verified cancer-miRNA relationships. This network throws up several new and interesting biological insights which were not evident in individual experiments, but become evident when studied in the global perspective. From the network a number of cancer-miRNA modules have been identified based on a computational approach to mine associations between cancer types and miRNAs. The modules that are generated based on these association are found to have a number of common predicted target onco/tumor suppressor genes. This suggests a combinatorial effect of the module associated miRNAs on target gene regulation in selective cancer tissues or cell lines. Moreover, neighboring miRNAs (group of miRNAs that are located within 50 kb of genomic location) of these modules show similar dysregulation patterns suggesting common regulatory pathway. Besides this, neighboring miRNAs may also show a similar dysregulation patterns (differentially coexpressed) in the cancer tissues. In this study, we found that in 67% of the cancer types have at least two neighboring miRNAs showing downregulation which is statistically significant (P < 10-7, Randomization test). A similar result is obtained for the neighboring miRNAs showing upregulation in specific cancer type. These results elucidate the fact that the neighboring miRNAs might be differentially coexpressed in cancer tissues as that of the normal tissue types. Additionally, cancer-miRNA network efficiently detect hub miRNAs dysregulated in many cancer types and identify cancer specific miRNAs. Depending on the expression patterns, it is possible to identify those hubs that have strong oncogenic or tumor suppressor characteristics. Limited work has been done towards revealing the fact that a number of miRNAs can control commonly altered regulatory pathways. However, this becomes immediately evident by accompanying the analysis of cancer-miRNA relationships in the proposed network model. These raise many unaddressed issues in miRNA research that have never been reported previously. These observations are expected to have an intense implication in cancer and may be useful for further research.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of different types of dielectrics on the performance of micro-EDM machining was investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs and optical photographs.
Abstract: In microelectrodischarge machining (micro-EDM), dielectric plays an important role during machining operation. The machining characteristics are greatly influenced by the nature of dielectric used during micro-EDM machining. Present paper addresses the issues of micro-EDM utilizing different types of dielectrics such as kerosene, deionized water, boron carbide (B4C) powder suspended kerosene, and deionized water to explore the influence of these dielectrics on the performance criteria such as material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR), overcut, diameteral variance at entry and exit hole and surface integrity during machining of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V). The experimental results revealed that MRR and TWR are higher using deionized water than kerosene. Also, when suspended particles, i.e., boron carbide-mixed dielectrics are used, MRR is found to increase with deionized water, but TWR decreases with kerosene dielectric. Further analysis is carried out with the help of scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs, and it is found that the thickness of white layer is less on machined surface when deionized water is used as compared to kerosene. Also, a comparative study of machining time has been carried out for the four types of dielectrics at different machining parametric settings. Furthermore, the investigation on the machined surface integrity and wear on microtool tip have also been done in each type of the dielectrics with the help of SEM micrographs and optical photographs. Hence micro-EDM machining on Ti-6Al-4V work material with B4C-mixed dielectrics is performed in the investigation and reported the performance criteria of the process. It can be concluded from the research investigation that there is a great influence of mixing of boron carbide additive in deionized water dielectrics for enhancing machining performance characteristics in micro-EDM during microhole generation on Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents an algorithm, biogeography-based optimization (BBO) to solve both convex and non-convex economic load dispatch (ELD) problems of thermal generators of a power system, considered to be a promising alternative approach for solving the ELD problems in practical power system.
Abstract: This paper presents an algorithm, biogeography-based optimization (BBO) to solve both convex and non-convex economic load dispatch (ELD) problems of thermal generators of a power system. The Proposed methodology easily takes care of solving non-convex economic dispatch problems considering different constraints such as transmission losses, ramp rate limits, multi-fuel options and prohibited operating zones. Biogeography deals with the geographical distribution of biological organisms. Mathematical models of biogeography describe how species migrate from one habitat to another, how species arise, and how species become extinct. BBO has features in common with other biology-based optimization methods, like genetic algorithms (GAs) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). Here, first it will be discussed how BBO can be used to solve ELD problems. This algorithm searches the global optimum mainly through two steps: migration and mutation. To show the advantages of the proposed algorithm, it has been applied to four different test systems for solving ELD problems. First, a 6-generator system along with ramp rate limits and prohibited operating zone. Second, considers 40 generators with valve-point loading. Third, considers 20-generator systems with simple quadratic cost function considering transmission loss and operating limit constraints. Last one is addressing both valve-point effects and multiple fuels in a 10-generator system. Comparing with the other existing techniques, the current proposal is found better than, or at least comparable to them considering the quality of the solution obtained. This method is considered to be a promising alternative approach for solving the ELD problems in practical power system.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, three temporal satellite images of 15 years interval (1975, 1990 and 2005) have been classified to determine the urban extent and growth of Kolkata-Howrah (West Bengal, India) in eight different directions within a circular region.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Supporting and challenging evidence as well as future directions of vanadium research exploring the possibility of using this dietary agent for detection, prevention and treatment of human cancers are critically discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The paper presents an algorithmic technique to accurately track the maximum power point (MPP) of a PV array using an APPSO, which uses only one pair of sensors to control multiple PV arrays and results in lower cost and higher accuracy.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper conducted a cross-cultural study of intuitions about free will and moral responsibility in subjects from the United States, Hong Kong, India and Colombia, finding that the majority of participants agreed that our universe is indeterministic and that moral responsibility is not compatible with determinism.
Abstract: Recent experimental research has revealed surprising patterns in people's intuitions about free will and moral responsibility. One limitation of this research, however, is that it has been conducted exclusively on people from Western cultures. The present paper extends previous research by presenting a cross-cultural study examining intuitions about free will and moral responsibility in subjects from the United States, Hong Kong, India and Colombia. The results revealed a striking degree of cross- cultural convergence. In all four cultural groups, the majority of participants said that (a) our universe is indeterministic and (b) moral responsibility is not compatible with determinism. The question of free will is one of the oldest and most intractable in the history of Western philosophy; philosophers are still arguing about how best to answer it. But recent experimental research on the topic has arrived at a surprising result. Although philosophers remain divided about how to address the question of free will, it seems that a substantial majority of ordinary people have somehow converged on a single basic view. What's more, they seem to embrace a thesis—usually called incompatibilism—that most philosophers are prone to reject. Even while this research is suggestive, it suffers from an important limitation—all of the studies have been conducted on subjects in the United States. This opens up the possibility that the existing results merely reflect some idiosyncratic property of contemporary Western culture. To address this worry, we conducted a cross- cultural study of intuitions about free will. Our aim was to determine whether previous results merely pointed to some aspect of one particular culture or whether these results really were pointing to some more fundamental truth about the way people think about human freedom.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the results of non-isothermal combustion studies in general depict that blends containing less than 50% biomass char are better performing as compared those with higher biomass char content.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper investigates the influence of both channel and gate engineering on the analog and RF performances of double-gate (DG) MOSFETs for system-on-chip applications and shows improvements in gate- and channel-engineered devices.
Abstract: The design of analog and RF circuits in CMOS technology has become increasingly more difficult as device modeling faces new challenges in the deep-submicrometer regime and emerging circuit applications. In this paper, we investigate the influence of both channel and gate engineering on the analog and RF performances of double-gate (DG) MOSFETs for system-on-chip applications. The gate engineering technique used here is the dual-metal gate technology, and the channel engineering technique is the conventional halo doping process. For analog applications, importance is given to the subthreshold regime as CMOS circuits operated in this regime are very much attractive for ultralow-power high-gain performances. Gate- and channel-engineered devices show an increase of gain by 45% and 35%, respectively, compared with the single-metal DG MOSFET. The gate-engineered device shows an improvement of 21.6% and 20% in the case of fT and fMAX values, whereas the channel-engineered device exhibits a reduction of fT by 2.7% with nearly equal fMAX.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the use of Fenton's reagents in destruction of waste material present in Tambla Tributory (Durgapur, India) industrial wastewater has been investigated.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2010-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal performance and sizing of a 100kW EFGT plant were analyzed at different cycle pressure ratio (rp = 2−8), turbine inlet temperature (TIT = 1050−1350 K), and the heat exchanger cold end temperature difference (CETD) for different operating conditions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the robot selection problem using two most appropriate multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods and compares their relative performance for a given industrial application.
Abstract: Selection of a robot for a specific industrial application is one of the most challenging problems in real time manufacturing environment. It has become more and more complicated due to increase in complexity, advanced features and facilities that are continuously being incorporated into the robots by different manufacturers. At present, different types of industrial robots with diverse capabilities, features, facilities and specifications are available in the market. Manufacturing environment, product design, production system and cost involved are some of the most influencing factors that directly affect the robot selection decision. The decision maker needs to identify and select the best suited robot in order to achieve the desired output with minimum cost and specific application ability. This paper attempts to solve the robot selection problem using two most appropriate multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods and compares their relative performance for a given industrial application. The first MCDM approach is 'VIsekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje' (VIKOR), a compromise ranking method and the other one is 'ELimination and Et Choice Translating REality' (ELECTRE), an outranking method. Two real time examples are cited in order to demonstrate and validate the applicability and potentiality of both these MCDM methods. It is observed that the relative rankings of the alternative robots as obtained using these two MCDM methods match quite well with those as derived by the past researchers.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a fly ash supported heterogeneous CaO catalyst has been developed using waste egg shell for transesterification of soybean oil to yield fuel grade biodiesel, which exhibited higher reusability characteristic and superior catalytic activity compared to unsupported CaO catalysts derived from egg shell.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The primary skin irritation and skin histopathology study indicated that the prepared IPN membranes were less irritant and safe for skin application.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new real-coded modified differential evolution based automatic fuzzy clustering algorithm is proposed which automatically evolves the number of clusters as well as the proper partitioning from a data set.
Abstract: The problem of classifying an image into different homogeneous regions is viewed as the task of clustering the pixels in the intensity space. In particular, satellite images contain landcover types, some of which cover significantly large areas while some (e.g., bridges and roads) occupy relatively much smaller regions. Automatically detecting regions or clusters of such widely varying sizes is a challenging task. In this paper, a new real-coded modified differential evolution based automatic fuzzy clustering algorithm is proposed which automatically evolves the number of clusters as well as the proper partitioning from a data set. Here, the assignment of points to different clusters is done based on a Xie-Beni index where the Euclidean distance is taken into consideration. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is first demonstrated for two numeric remote sensing data described in terms of feature vectors and then in identifying different landcover regions in remote sensing imagery. The superiority of the new method is demonstrated by comparing it with other existing techniques like automatic clustering using improved differential evolution, classical differential evolution based automatic fuzzy clustering, variable length genetic algorithm based fuzzy clustering, and well known fuzzy C-means algorithm both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Phospholipid complex of naringenin produced better antioxidant activity than the free compound with a prolonged duration of action, which may be helpful in reducing the fast elimination of the molecule from body.
Abstract: Naringenin is a naturally occurring flavanone, possessing a variety of biological activity. Due to its rapid elimination, naringenin needs frequent administration to maintain an effective plasma concentration. We have evaluated the therapeutic potential of naringenin-phospholipid complex under oxidative stress conditions compared with free naringenin. Naringenin-phospholipid complex was prepared and assessed for antioxidant activity in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats at a dose level of 100 mg kg-1 (p.o.). Liver function tests were studied by assessing serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. Marker enzymes of liver, namely glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, were measured to evaluate the antioxidant potential at the same dose level. The plasma concentration of naringenin was also measured. It was observed that the naringenin-phospholipid complex enhanced the antioxidant activity of the biomolecule and protected the liver significantly for a longer time as compared with free naringenin at the same dose level. Phospholipid complex of naringenin produced better antioxidant activity than the free compound with a prolonged duration of action, which may be helpful in reducing the fast elimination of the molecule from body.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A modified differential evolution (DE) algorithm is presented for clustering the pixels of an image in the gray-scale intensity space and has an edge over a few state-of-the-art algorithms for automatic multi-class image segmentation.