Jawaharlal Nehru University

About: Jawaharlal Nehru University is a education organization based out in New Delhi, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Candida albicans. The organization has 6082 authors who have published 13455 publications receiving 245407 citations. The organization is also known as: JNU.

Postcolonialism — Or postcolonial studies

Abstract: (1998). Postcolonialism — Or postcolonial studies. Interventions: Vol. 1, Ideologies of the Postcolonial, pp. 39-42.

Modulation of some gluconeogenic enzyme activities in diabetic rat liver and kidney: effect of antidiabetic compounds.

Abstract: The effects of in sulin , so dium ort hovanadate and a hypoglycemic plant material, Trigonel/a /oenllm graecum (fenugreek) see d powder were studied on th e activities of glucose-6-ph osphatase and fructo se -I ,6 -bi sphosp hatase in diabetic liver and kidney. The significantly in creased ac tiviti es of the two enzymes during diabetes in li ve r and kidney were found to be lowcred to alm ost control values by the use of the antidiabetic compounds. Diabe tic ii ver exhibited a much greater increase in th e activitil! s of the two enzymes than diabetic kidney. The highest percentage of reversa l to normal va lues was see n using the co mbin ation of vanadate and Trigonel/a se ed powder. The lowered rate of growth of th e animals as we ll as the increased blood sugar were reversed almost to th e control leve ls by th e Trigonel/a seed powder and vanadate tre atment. The inclusion of th e Trigonel/a seed powder ove rcame the toxicit y of vanadium encountered when it was given alone as in sulin mimetic age nt. Much lower levels of vanadate were need ed when it was given in combination with Trigonel/a seed powder. Thei r combi ned effect s we re better at re storin g the above parameters th an th ose indu ced by insulin adm ini stration. Glu cose-6-phosphatase [G-6-Pase, EC 3. 1. 3.9], one of the key enzymes in the homeostatic regulation of bl ood glucose level s, catalyzes the term in al step in both gluconeogenes is and glycoge nol ysis l -) . The enzyme is mainly found in the gluconeogenic tissues, li ve r and kidney, where it pl ays a major role in gluco se production 4 . Fructose- I,6

Methyl Jasmonate-Elicited Transcriptional Responses and Pentacyclic Triterpene Biosynthesis in Sweet Basil

Abstract: Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is well known for its diverse pharmacological properties and has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. Although a variety of secondary metabolites with potent biological activities are identified, our understanding of the biosynthetic pathways that produce them has remained largely incomplete. We studied transcriptional changes in sweet basil after methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment, which is considered an elicitor of secondary metabolites, and identified 388 candidate MeJA-responsive unique transcripts. Transcript analysis suggests that in addition to controlling its own biosynthesis and stress responses, MeJA up-regulates transcripts of the various secondary metabolic pathways, including terpenoids and phenylpropanoids/flavonoids. Furthermore, combined transcript and metabolite analysis revealed MeJA-induced biosynthesis of the medicinally important ursane-type and oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes. Two MeJA-responsive oxidosqualene cyclases (ObAS1 and ObAS2) that encode for 761- and 765-amino acid proteins, respectively, were identified and characterized. Functional expressions of ObAS1 and ObAS2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae led to the production of β-amyrin and α-amyrin, the direct precursors of oleanane-type and ursane-type pentacyclic triterpenes, respectively. ObAS1 was identified as a β-amyrin synthase, whereas ObAS2 was a mixed amyrin synthase that produced both α-amyrin and β-amyrin but had a product preference for α-amyrin. Moreover, transcript and metabolite analysis shed light on the spatiotemporal regulation of pentacyclic triterpene biosynthesis in sweet basil. Taken together, these results will be helpful in elucidating the secondary metabolic pathways of sweet basil and developing metabolic engineering strategies for enhanced production of pentacyclic triterpenes.