Showing papers by "Jaypee Institute of Information Technology published in 2016"

Exploring miRNA based approaches in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.

Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a highly conserved class of tissue specific, small non-protein coding RNAs maintain cell homeostasis by negative gene regulation. Proper controlling of miRNA expression is required for a balanced physiological environment, as these small molecules influence almost every genetic pathway from cell cycle checkpoint, cell proliferation to apoptosis, with a wide range of target genes. Deregulation in miRNAs expression correlates with various cancers by acting as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Although promising therapies exist to control tumor development and progression, there is a lack of efficient diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for delineating various types of cancer. The molecularly different tumors can be differentiated by specific miRNA profiling as their phenotypic signatures, which can hence be exploited to surmount the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Present review discusses the involvement of miRNAs in oncogenesis with the analysis of patented research available on miRNAs.

Escherichia coli biofilm: development and therapeutic strategies

Abstract: Summary Escherichia coli biofilm consists of a bacterial colony embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) which protects the microbes from adverse environmental conditions and results in infection. Besides being the major causative agent for recurrent urinary tract infections, E. coli biofilm is also responsible for indwelling medical device-related infectivity. The cell-to-cell communication within the biofilm occurs due to quorum sensors that can modulate the key biochemical players enabling the bacteria to proliferate and intensify the resultant infections. The diversity in structural components of biofilm gets compounded due to the development of antibiotic resistance, hampering its eradication. Conventionally used antimicrobial agents have a restricted range of cellular targets and limited efficacy on biofilms. This emphasizes the need to explore the alternate therapeuticals like anti-adhesion compounds, phytochemicals, nanomaterials for effective drug delivery to restrict the growth of biofilm. The current review focuses on various aspects of E. coli biofilm development and the possible therapeutic approaches for prevention and treatment of biofilm-related infections.

Therapeutic effects of EGCG: a patent review.

Abstract: Introduction: Green tea contains polyphenolic flavanoids such as epigallocatechin-3- gallate (EGCG), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC) and epicatechin (EC). EGCG is the most abundant and active compound in green tea. Extensive research has shown that it has significant antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-microbial, and neuroprotective properties and has therapeutic potential against various human diseases.Areas covered: This review focuses on the applications of EGCG alone, and in combination with other compounds, for the treatment of various types of cancers, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and microbial diseases, and discusses its mechanism of action in cell line and animal modesl. Recent advances, which include the use of nanoencapsulated EGCG to enhance the drug delivery and reduce cell toxicity, have also been discussed along with the comprehensive analysis of the specific granted patents associated with EGCG.Expert opinion: Under the current scenario, the role of EGCG as a t...

LEACH-MAC: a new cluster head selection algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: Battery power is a critical resource of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Therefore, an effective operation of WSNs depend upon the efficient use of its battery resource. Cluster based routing protocols are proven to be more energy efficient as compared to other routing protocols. Most of the cluster based routing protocols, especially Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol, follows Dynamic, Distributed and Randomized (DDR) algorithm for clustering. Due to the randomness present in clustering algorithms, number of cluster heads generated varies highly from the optimal count. In this paper, we present an approach which attempts to control the randomness present in LEACH's clustering algorithm. This approach makes the cluster head count stable. NS-2 simulation results show that proposed approach improved the First Node Death (FND) time and Last Node Death (LND) time by 21 and 24 % over LEACH, 10 and 20 % as compared to Advance LEACH (ALEACH) and 5 and 35 % over LEACH with Deterministic Cluster Head Selection (LEACH-DCHS) respectively.

Utility Oriented Demand Side Management Using Smart AC and Micro DC Grid Cooperative

Abstract: DC microgrid provides a viable and more efficient option to cater for DC loads in the building space and, in particular, data centers. This paper investigates the opportunities associated for utilities to optimize industrial demand response for smart AC and DC microgrid environment thus facilitating distribution utility to reduce peak energy on the existing AC distribution system. A load shifting demand side management (DSM) technique is used to shift AC industrial loads in response to time of day (TOD) tariff. Hence, an attempt has been made to study the impact of DSM strategies with optimal shifting of AC devices in the presence of DC microgrid. Simulations are carried out on a practical distribution system having large industrial loads but it has been assumed that the AC distribution system has DC microgrid with renewables and battery storage systems (BSSs). DSM results for AC distribution grid are compared and analyzed with differing DC microgrid set ups, for example with and without battery storage. It has been observed that the DSM strategy with DC microgrid in the presence of solar renewables and battery storage can substantially reduce average energy cost for demand to response and peak load burden on AC distribution utilities.

Superparamagnetic La doped Mn–Zn nano ferrites: dependence on dopant content and crystallite size

Abstract: Magnetic nanoparticles are found to exhibit exciting and substantially distinct magnetic properties due to high surface-to-volume ratio and several crystal structures in comparison to those discovered in their bulk counterparts. The properties of nanoparticles also largely depend on the route of their synthesis. In the present work, we report the synthesis of superparamagnetic nanoparticles of Mn0.5Zn0.5La x Fe2−x O4 (x = 0, 0.025, 0.050, 0.075, 0.1) ferrites by co-precipitation method. Structural, morphological and elemental study has been performed using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), FESEM and EDS. Different structural parameters (crystallite size, interplanar spacing and lattice constant) have been calculated from XRD. Formation of cubical spinel structure has been confirmed from XRD and FTIR. Cation distribution for all the samples has been proposed and used for calculation of various theoretical parameters. Magnetic properties have been investigated using vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature and show transition between paramagnetic and superparamagnetic behavior. Maximum saturation magnetization and magnetic moment have been obtained at x = 0.050. The results are attributed to the solubility of La in Mn–Zn ferrite and the size of nanoparticles. The samples have also been analyzed for dielectric, electric and optical properties. For x ≤ 0.050, a blue shift in absorbance and photoluminescence measurements has been observed due to quantum confinement.

Substitution driven structural and magnetic transformation in Ca-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles

Abstract: Bi1−xCaxFeO3; (x = 0–0.20) nanoparticles were synthesized by tartaric acid based sol–gel route. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy studies reveal the phase purity and nanocrystalline nature (45–90 nm) of Bi1−xCaxFeO3 samples. The Ca ion substitution driven structural transition from rhombohedral (space group R3c) to orthorhombic (Pnma) symmetry leads to enhancement in saturation magnetization due to the distorted cycloid spin structure (as also suggested by Mossbauer studies) and uncompensated surface spins which is accorded with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies as well. The ferromagnetic ordering contribution increases up to x = 0.15 samples with maximum saturation magnetization of 0.09 emu g−1 for x = 0.15 sample. The presence of high content orthorhombic phase for x = 0.20 sample results in the sharp decrease in the ferromagnetic component due to appearance of collinear antiferromagnetic ordering in agreement with EPR results. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the dominancy of Fe3+ oxidation states along with the shifting of the binding energy of Bi 4f orbital indicating the substitution of Ca2+ at Bi-site. Systematic change of Mossbauer parameters of nanoparticulate samples with Ca concentration are obtained by Mossbauer spectroscopy. The results of both one- and two-sextet fittings of the Mossbauer spectra provide evidence for destruction of the spin cycloid in Ca-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles.

Finite element simulation of magnetohydrodynamic convective nanofluid slip flow in porous media with nonlinear radiation

Abstract: A numerical investigation of two dimensional steady state laminar boundary layer flow of a viscous electrically-conducting nanofluid in the vicinity of a stretching ∕ shrinking porous flat plate located in a Darcian porous medium is performed. The nonlinear Rosseland radiation effect is taken into account. Velocity slip and thermal slip at the boundary as well as the newly developed zero mass flux boundary conditions are also implemented to achieve physically applicable results. The governing transport equations are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformations and these are then solved numerically using a variational finite element method (FEM). The influence of the governing parameters (Darcy number, magnetic field, velocity and thermal slip, temperature ratio, transpiration, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, Lewis number and Reynolds number) on the dimensionless velocity, temperature, nanoparticle volume fraction as well as on the skin friction, the heat transfer rates and the mass transfer rates are examined and illustrated in detail. The FEM code is validated with earlier studies for non-magnetic non-slip flow demonstrating close correlation. The present study is relevant to high-temperature nano-materials processing operations.

Chaotic Kbest gravitational search algorithm (CKGSA)

Abstract: Gravitational search algorithm is a popular adaptive search algorithm among nature-inspired algorithms and has been successfully used for optimizing many real-world problems. Gravitational search algorithm uses the law of Newton gravity for finding the optimal solution. The performance of gravitational search algorithm is controlled by exploration and exploitation capabilities and Kbest is one of its parameters that controls this trade-off. In this paper, a novel chaotic Kbest gravitational search algorithm has been proposed that uses the chaotic model in Kbest to balance the exploration and exploitation non-linearly. The proposed algorithm shows better convergence rate at later iterations with high precision and does not trap into local optima. The experimental results validate that the proposed algorithm outperforms.

Fourier-Based Feature Extraction for Classification of EEG Signals Using EEG Rhythms

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a method for the analysis and classification of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals using EEG rhythms. The EEG rhythms capture the nonlinear complex dynamic behavior of the brain system and the nonstationary nature of the EEG signals. This method analyzes common frequency components in multichannel EEG recordings, using the filter bank signal processing. The mean frequency (MF) and RMS bandwidth of the signal are estimated by applying Fourier-transform-based filter bank processing on the EEG rhythms, which we refer intrinsic band functions, inherently present in the EEG signals. The MF and RMS bandwidth estimates, for the different classes (e.g., ictal and seizure-free, open eyes and closed eyes, inter-ictal and ictal, healthy volunteers and epileptic patients, inter-ictal epileptogenic and opposite to epileptogenic zone) of EEG recordings, are statistically different and hence used to distinguish and classify the two classes of signals using a least-squares support vector machine classifier. Experimental results, with 100 % classification accuracy, on a real-world EEG signals database analysis illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for EEG signal classification.

A comparative study of protocols for secure quantum communication under noisy environment: single-qubit-based protocols versus entangled-state-based protocols

Abstract: The effect of noise on various protocols of secure quantum communication has been studied. Specifically, we have investigated the effect of amplitude damping, phase damping, squeezed generalized amplitude damping, Pauli type as well as various collective noise models on the protocols of quantum key distribution, quantum key agreement, quantum secure direct quantum communication and quantum dialogue. From each type of protocol of secure quantum communication, we have chosen two protocols for our comparative study: one based on single-qubit states and the other one on entangled states. The comparative study reported here has revealed that single-qubit-based schemes are generally found to perform better in the presence of amplitude damping, phase damping, squeezed generalized amplitude damping noises, while entanglement-based protocols turn out to be preferable in the presence of collective noises. It is also observed that the effect of noise depends upon the number of rounds of quantum communication involved in a scheme of quantum communication. Further, it is observed that squeezing, a completely quantum mechanical resource present in the squeezed generalized amplitude channel, can be used in a beneficial way as it may yield higher fidelity compared to the corresponding zero squeezing case.

Orthogonal-state-based and semi-quantum protocols for quantum private comparison in noisy environment

Abstract: Private comparison is a primitive for many cryptographic tasks, and recently several schemes for the quantum private comparison (QPC) have been proposed, where two users can compare the equality of their secrets with the help of a semi-honest third party (TP) without knowing each other's secret and without disclosing the same to the TP. In the exisiting schemes, secrecy is obtained by using conjugate coding, and considering all participants as quantum users who can perform measurement(s) and/or create states in basis other than computational basis. In contrast, here we propose two new protocols for QPC, first of which does not use conjugate coding (uses orthogonal states only) and the second one allows the users other than TP to be classical whose activities are restricted to either reflecting a quantum state or measuring it in computational basis. Further, the performance of the protocols is evaluated under various noise models.

Smart home system based on Internet of Things

Abstract: Varity of appliances have been presented in a house with the development of social economy and rapid increase in the needs of the people. There is a problem in the management and control of these appliances so as to meet the comfort, health and security at home. To overcome this problem a smart control based system has been proposed. When we talk about Internet of things (IoT), there are large numbers of distinct devices which are connected throughout different systems. These systems provide open platform to all digital devices accessing data from such systems. So, it becomes quite difficult to design such a system for IoT which can handle large classification of devices and also technologies like link layer associated to it. To connect such a sophisticated network on IoT one need to have central server (server could be created over Wi-Fi network) which can facilitate all smart phones, tablets and other digital devices.

Which verification qubits perform best for secure communication in noisy channel

Abstract: In secure quantum communication protocols, a set of single qubits prepared using 2 or more mutually unbiased bases or a set of n-qubit $$(n\ge 2)$$(n?2) entangled states of a particular form are usually used to form a verification string which is subsequently used to detect traces of eavesdropping. The qubits that form a verification string are referred to as decoy qubits, and there exists a large set of different quantum states that can be used as decoy qubits. In the absence of noise, any choice of decoy qubits provides equivalent security. In this paper, we examine such equivalence for noisy environment (e.g., in amplitude damping, phase damping, collective dephasing and collective rotation noise channels) by comparing the decoy-qubit-assisted schemes of secure quantum communication that use single-qubit states as decoy qubits with the schemes that use entangled states as decoy qubits. Our study reveals that the single- qubit-assisted scheme performs better in some noisy environments, while some entangled-qubit-assisted schemes perform better in other noisy environments. Specifically, single-qubit-assisted schemes perform better in amplitude damping and phase damping noisy channels, whereas a few Bell-state-based decoy schemes are found to perform better in the presence of the collective noise. Thus, if the kind of noise present in a communication channel (i.e., the characteristics of the channel) is known or measured, then the present study can provide the best choice of decoy qubits required for implementation of schemes of secure quantum communication through that channel.

Simulation and cost analysis of group authentication protocols

Abstract: Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an efficient technology for identification, tracking and group proof construction. The multi-round protocols for authentication and group proof construction increase the cost with increase in participants. In this work, computational and communication cost of multi-round protocol is calculated to identify the protocol with least cost and high security. The computational cost is computed using number of rounds and messages, Message Authentication Code (MACO) operations, messages sent per participant and messages received per participant. The communication cost is computed using size of message sent and size of message received. In order to reduce the computational and communication cost, two lightweight group authentication protocols are selected for refinement. The protocols are: Juel's protocol, and Saito and Sakurai protocol. Three refinements are proposed which convert these protocols from two-party group construction to n-party group construction. Results show that refinements reduce the cost compared to Juel's protocol and Saito and Sakurai's protocol. It is observed that high security in group proof construction is still infeasible, thus if security is required to be maximum then multi-round protocol should be preferred. In this work, a multi-round authentication protocol of [1] is analyzed for comparative security analysis. Simulation analysis shows that performance of proposed authentication protocol in multi-round category as well as single-round category is better than state-of-art protocols.

Critical values in slip flow and heat transfer analysis of non-Newtonian nanofluid utilizing heat source/sink and variable magnetic field: Multiple solutions

Abstract: Motivated by the various application of nanofluids, the present study deals with the numerical investigation of multiple solutions in MHD boundary layer flow and heat transfer of power-law nanofluid past a permeable nonlinear shrinking sheet with heat source/sink. The effect of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, viscous dissipation, suction/injection and surface slip are also considered with no nanoparticle flux at the sheet. The resulting conservation equations are transformed into dimensionless ordinary differential equations using suitable transformation and solved numerically by RKF45 method with shooting technique. The dual solutions are obtained in certain range of power-law index (nc, ∞), mass transfer parameter (sc, ∞)and shrinking parameter (χc, 0). The critical value nc lies in the domain of shear thinning nanofluid (0 < n < 1) for fixed values of other parameters. The rate of heat transfer improves due to heat sink, higher prandtl number and adequate suction for the both first and second solutions.

Lie group analysis for bioconvection MHD slip flow and heat transfer of nanofluid over an inclined sheet: Multiple solutions

Abstract: This paper considers numerical analysis of bioconvection boundary layer flow and heat transfer of electrically conducting nanofluid containing nanoparticles and gyrotactic microorganism over an inclined permeable sheet. Lie symmetry group transformations are used to convert the governing non-linear partial differential equations for continuity, momentum, energy, nanoparticles and microorganisms conservation into non-linear ordinary differential equations. The influences of important physical parameters such as mass transfer parameter s , Richardson number Ri , Buoyancy ratio Nr , bioconvection Rayleigh number Rb , velocity and thermal slip parameters, Brownian motion parameter Nb , thermophoresis parameter Nt , the bioconvection Schmidt number Sc b and the bioconvection Peclet number Pe , on the skin friction, the rate of heat transfer and microorganisms flux are discussed numerically in this study. The dual solutions are obtained for some critical range of mass transfer parameter s and stretching/shrinking parameter χ .