Jewish Hospital

About: Jewish Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Antigen & Population. The organization has 3881 authors who have published 3414 publications receiving 123044 citations.

ACCUMULATION OF INORGANIC POLYPHOSPHATE IN AEROBACTER AEROGENES II. Environmental Control and the Role of Sulfur Compounds

Abstract: Harold, F. M. (National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colo.) and Susan Sylvan. Accumulation of inorganic polyphosphate in Aerobacter aerogenes. II. Environmental control and the role of sulfur compounds. J. Bacteriol. 86:222–231. 1963.—The accumulation of inorganic polyphosphate in Aerobacter aerogenes was shown to be a function of the growth medium. In low-phosphate medium, polyphosphate accumulated whenever nucleic acid synthesis ceased due to a nutritional deficiency, regardless of its nature. In high-phosphate medium polyphosphate accumulation was induced only by sulfur starvation. Polyphosphate accumulation could thus be induced or suppressed at will by manipulation of the sulfur and phosphorus content of the medium. The specific requirement for sulfur starvation was traced to the presence of an intracellular inhibitor of polyphosphate accumulation. This was depleted during sulfur starvation and replenished when sulfate was restored. The inhibitor was identified as oxidized glutathione or a closely related compound. Suppression of polyphosphate accumulation required the simultaneous presence of a high exogenous phosphate concentration and a high intracellular glutathione level. Suppression of polyphosphate accumulation resulted in a constant polyphosphate level, due to a steady state of polyphosphate synthesis and degradation. The former continued at half the original rate while the latter was sharply accelerated. The synthetic and degradative phases of polyphosphate metabolism could be completely dissociated by inhibitors of energy generation. It is proposed that the primary effect of glutathione plus phosphate is the stimulation of polyphosphate degradation. Polyphosphate synthesis appears to be a general consequence of the inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, but net accumulation may be obscured by concurrent degradation.

Respiratory improvement by muscle training in adult-onset acid maltase deficiency.

Abstract: A patient with progressive involvement of respiratory function from adult-onset acid maltase deficiency is reported. The decrement in objective and subjective waking and sleeping respiratory variables was significantly reversed by inspiratory muscle training. This training was accomplished simply by breathing against inspiratory resistors for 15 minutes twice a day. Inspiratory muscle training may prove valuable in other patients with progressive neuromuscular disorders that involve respiratory muscle function.

Customizing anaphylaxis guidelines for emergency medicine.

Abstract: Background Most episodes of anaphylaxis are managed in emergency medical settings, where the cardinal signs and symptoms often differ from those observed in the allergy clinic. Data suggest that low recognition of anaphylaxis in the emergency setting may relate to inaccurate coding and lack of a standard, practical definition. Objective Develop a simple, consistent definition of anaphylaxis for emergency medicine providers, supported by clinically relevant consensus statements. Discussion Definitions of anaphylaxis and criteria for diagnosis from current anaphylaxis guidelines were reviewed with regard to their utilization in emergency medical settings. The agreed-upon working definition is: Anaphylaxis is a serious reaction causing a combination of characteristic findings, and which is rapid in onset and may cause death. It is usually due to an allergic reaction but can be non-allergic. The definition is supported by Consensus Statements, each with referenced discussion. For a positive outcome, quick diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis are critical. However, even in the emergency setting, the patient may not present with life-threatening symptoms. Because mild initial symptoms can quickly progress to a severe, even fatal, reaction, the first-line treatment for any anaphylaxis episode—regardless of severity—is intramuscular injection of epinephrine into the anterolateral thigh; delaying its administration increases the potential for morbidity and mortality. When a reaction appears as “possible anaphylaxis,” it is generally better to err on the side of caution and administer epinephrine. Conclusion We believe that this working definition and the supporting Consensus Statements are a first step to better management of anaphylaxis in the emergency medical setting.